摘要:
Apparatus can comprise a containment device including a surface defining a region extending in a flow direction of the containment device. A support member positioned to support a weight of the containment device can comprise a support material with a creep rate from 1×10−12 l/s to 1×10−14 l/s under a pressure of from 1 MPa to 5 MPa at a temperature of 1400° C. In some embodiments, the support material can comprise a ceramic material. In some embodiments, the support material can comprise silicon carbide. In some embodiments, a platinum wall can be spaced from physically contacting any portion of the support member. In some embodiments, methods can comprise flowing the molten material within the region in the flow direction while supporting a weight of the containment device with the support member.
摘要:
Disclosed is an optical fiber having a core with an alkali metal oxide dopant in an peak amount greater than about 0.002 wt. % and less than about 0.1 wt. %. The alkali metal oxide concentration varies with a radius of the optical fiber. By appropriately selecting the concentration of alkali metal oxide dopant in the core and the cladding, a low loss optical fiber may be obtained. Also disclosed are several methods of making the optical fiber including the steps of forming an alkali metal oxide-doped rod, and adding additional glass to form a draw perform. Preferably, the draw preform has a final outer dimension (d2), wherein an outer dimension (d1) of the rod is less than or equal to 0.06 times the final outer dimension (d2). In a preferred embodiment, the alkali metal oxide-doped rod is inserted into the centerline hole of a preform to form an assembly.
摘要:
A control apparatus for controlling a thickness of a substrate, such as a glass ribbon. The control apparatus comprises a laser assembly and a shielding assembly. The laser assembly generates an elongated laser beam traveling in a propagation direction along an optical path. The shielding assembly comprises at least one shield selectively disposed in the optical path. The shield is configured to decrease an optical intensity of a region of the elongated laser beam. The shielding assembly is configured to change an intensity profile of the elongated laser beam from an initial intensity profile to a targeted intensity profile. A desired targeted intensity profile can be dictated by an arrangement of the shield(s) relative to the optical path, and can be selected to affect a temperature change at portions of the substrate determined to benefit from a reduction in thickness.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a glass ribbon can comprise flowing a glass-forming ribbon along a travel path. The glass-forming ribbon can comprise a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface. A thickness can be defined between the first major surface and the second major surface. The method can comprise heating the first major surface of the glass-forming ribbon at a target location of the travel path while the glass-forming ribbon is travelling along the travel path. The heating can increase a temperature of the glass-forming ribbon at the target location to a heating depth of about 250 micrometers or less from the first major surface. The method can comprise cooling the glass-forming ribbon into the glass ribbon. Prior to the heating, the glass-forming ribbon at the target location can comprise an average viscosity in a range from about 1,000 Pascal-seconds to about 1011 Pascal-seconds.
摘要:
A forming body of a glass forming apparatus is disclosed having an upper portion, a first forming surface, and a second forming surface extending downward from the upper portion to converge at a root. The upper portion of the forming body includes a trough for receiving molten glass, the trough including a first weir, a second weir, and a base extending between weirs. Each weir has a reinforcing portion extending upward from the base towards the tops of the weirs. A width of the base of the trough at a may be less than a top width of the trough. One or more of the top width, width of the base, or angle between an inner surface of the first or second weir and a vertical plane may be constant along a trough length of the trough.
摘要:
An apparatus for downwardly drawing a glass ribbon includes a forming vessel including an upper portion including a pair of outside surfaces and a forming wedge portion including a pair of downwardly inclined forming surfaces converging along a downstream direction to form a bottom edge. An edge director is provided that includes a flow directing portion formed from a portion of a frustoconical or conical shape.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are apparatuses and methods for drawing sheet glass. More particularly, one or more sets of edge rolls can be configured to have a rotation axis angled away from a line orthogonal to the direction of flow of a ribbon of glass and positioned so as to contact the glass in the viscous region of the draw. Through control over the orientation and position of the one or more sets of edge rolls, sheet width attenuation may be eliminated, thickness of the beads that form along the edges of the glass sheet may be reduced, and instabilities associated with sheet width variation may be eliminated.
摘要:
An apparatus for downwardly drawing a glass ribbon includes a forming vessel including an upper portion including a pair of outside surfaces and a forming wedge portion including a pair of downwardly inclined forming surfaces converging along a downstream direction to form a bottom edge. An edge director is provided that includes a flow blocking portion. In some embodiments, the edge director also includes a flow directing portion.
摘要:
Disclosed is an optical fiber having a core with an alkali metal oxide dopant in an peak amount greater than about 0.002 wt. % and less than about 0.1 wt. %. The alkali metal oxide concentration varies with a radius of the optical fiber. By appropriately selecting the concentration of alkali metal oxide dopant in the core and the cladding, a low loss optical fiber may be obtained. Also disclosed are several methods of making the optical fiber including the steps of forming an alkali metal oxide-doped rod, and adding additional glass to form a draw perform. Preferably, the draw preform has a final outer dimension (d2), wherein an outer dimension (d1) of the rod is less than or equal to 0.06 times the final outer dimension (d2). In a preferred embodiment, the alkali metal oxide-doped rod is inserted into the centerline hole of a preform to form an assembly.
摘要:
An apparatus for downwardly drawing a glass ribbon includes a forming vessel including an upper portion including a pair of outside surfaces and a forming wedge portion including a pair of downwardly inclined forming surfaces converging along a downstream direction to form a bottom edge. An edge director is provided that includes a flow directing portion formed from a portion of a frustoconical or conical shape.