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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4416567A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-22
申请号：US349817
申请日：1982-02-18
申请人： Carl L. Elmore , Erwin D. Funk
发明人： Carl L. Elmore , Erwin D. Funk
IPC分类号： B65G53/30
CPC分类号： B65G53/30
摘要： A method of transporting heavier than water particles such as coal from an elevated supply site to a delivery site at a substantial elevation below said elevated supply site comprising the steps of mixing the particles at the supply site with liquid such as water to form a slurry of particles and liquid, introducing slurry at the supply site into a confined path extending downwardly from the supply site to the delivery site, confining a volume of slurry material in energy transmitting relation to the slurry in the confined path such that the static head of the slurry in the confined path is transmitted to the confined volume, continuously withdrawing material from the confined volume at spaced first and second positions and introducing liquid into the confined volume in such a way as to (1) maintain the pressure conditions within the confined volume generally equal to the static head of the slurry in the confined path minus the friction losses and (2) enable slurry from the confined path to flow into the confined volume and the particles thereof to move within the confined volume such that the material at the first withdrawal position contains the larger particles of the slurry and the material at the second withdrawal position is substantially devoid of the larger particles of the slurry, continuously separating a liquid fraction from the material withdrawn from the confined volume at the second withdrawal position in such a way that the pressure of said liquid fraction is not materially lowered with respect to the pressure of the material in the confined volume, pumping the liquid fraction along a confined path extending upwardly to the supply site, and utilizing the liquid fraction pumped to the supply site as the liquid in the mixing step, and apparatus for carrying out the method.
摘要翻译： 将比例高的水粒子（例如煤）从比较高的供应地点运送到位于所述提升供应地点以下的实质高度的输送位置的方法包括以下步骤：将供应地点处的颗粒与液体如水混合，形成浆料 颗粒和液体，在供应位置将浆料引入到从供应位置向下延伸到输送位置的限制路径中，将一定体积的浆料材料限制在与限制路径中的浆料的能量传递关系中，使得浆料的静态头部 在限制的路径中被传送到限制的容积，在间隔开的第一和第二位置连续地从限制容积中取出材料，并将液体引入约束体积，使得（1）将约束体积内的压力条件保持在大致相等 到限制路径中的浆料的静态头减去摩擦损失，和（2）使来自限制的浆料的浆料 流入限制体积并且其颗粒在限制体积内移动，使得在第一取出位置处的材料含有较大的浆料颗粒，并且在第二抽出位置处的材料基本上不含较大的颗粒 浆液，以在第二取出位置从与限制体积排出的材料连续分离液体部分，使得所述液体部分的压力相对于限制体积中的材料的压力没有实质降低，泵送 沿着向上延伸到供应部位的限制路径的液体部分，以及在混合步骤中利用泵送到供应部位作为液体的液体部分以及用于实施该方法的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4514910A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-07
申请号：US468675
申请日：1983-02-22
申请人： Carl L. Elmore , Erwin D. Funk
发明人： Carl L. Elmore , Erwin D. Funk
CPC分类号： C10F5/00
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for the dehydration of low rank coal, such as lignite. The coal is formed into particles having a size of less than about 4 inches, is subjected to atmospheric steaming, and then preheating with steam at a pressure of about 20-100 psig. The particles are then entrained in liquid and fed to a high pressure feeder at which they are transferred to a high pressure circulation loop, at a pressure of between about 300-1500 psig. The particles and liquid are fed to a liquid/particles separator at the top of a vertical dehydrating vessel, and the particles at the top of the vessel are contacted by saturated steam. Condensed steam and particles flow downwardly in the dehydration vessel, and are subjected to a counter-current wash at the bottom of the vessel. A slurry of liquid and particles discharged from the bottom of the dehydration vessel has the pressure thereof gradually reduced in a second high pressure feeder, and is transferred to a low pressure loop at a pressure of between about 20-100 psig. The liquid and particles are separated, and then the particles are subjected to evaporative cooling.
摘要翻译： 提供了低等级煤如褐煤脱水的方法和装置。 煤形成尺寸小于约4英寸的颗粒，经受大气蒸汽，然后在约20-100psig的压力下用蒸汽预热。 然后将颗粒夹带在液体中并进料到高压进料器，在高压进料器中它们以约300-1500psig的压力转移到高压循环回路中。 颗粒和液体被送入垂直脱水容器顶部的液体/颗粒分离器，容器顶部的颗粒与饱和蒸汽接触。 冷凝的蒸汽和颗粒在脱水容器中向下流动，并在容器的底部进行逆流洗涤。 从脱水容器的底部排出的液体和颗粒的浆液在第二高压进料器中的压力逐渐降低，并以约20-100psig的压力转移到低压回路中。 分离液体和颗粒，然后使颗粒进行蒸发冷却。
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公开(公告)号：US4365974A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-28
申请号：US182314
申请日：1980-08-28
申请人： Carl L. Elmore , Erwin D. Funk , Ted M. Poulin
发明人： Carl L. Elmore , Erwin D. Funk , Ted M. Poulin
CPC分类号： C10F7/00 , Y10S435/813
摘要： Methane is produced from peat by solubilizing the phenolic polymers therein, and oxidizing the solute to produce short chain molecules. The short chain molecules are fermented to produce a gas that this scrubbed to remove CO.sub.2 to produce methane. Solubilizing takes place in a vertically oriented pressurized vessel that is circular in cross-section and divided into a number of regular vertically elongated compartments, each comprising a circular sector in cross-section, and extending the majority the height of the vessel. Slurried peat is fed into the top of one compartment while another compartment is being emptied from the bottom, the compartment being filled or emptied being progressively changed in response to rotation of a central shaft in the vessel. Oxidation of solubilized peat takes place in a structure that transports the solubilized peat in a substantially vertical wave path from an inlet to an outlet with oxygen being introduced at the bottoms of segments of the wave path, and CO.sub.2 being withdrawn from the tops of segments of the wave path while the solubilized peat is maintained at a pressure above atmospheric. Coolant is circulated around the wave path to remove the exothermic heat of reaction, and the coolant is flashed into steam used elsewhere in the process.
摘要翻译： 甲烷由泥炭生成，通过溶解酚醛聚合物，氧化溶质产生短链分子。 短链分子被发酵以产生气体，其被擦洗以除去CO 2以产生甲烷。 溶解在垂直取向的加压容器中进行，该加压容器的横截面为圆形，并分成多个规则的垂直细长的隔室，每个隔室包括横截面的圆形扇形部分，并延伸容器的大部分高度。 泥浆泥浆被送入一个隔间的顶部，而另一个隔室从底部排空，被填充或排空的隔室响应于容器中的中心轴的旋转而逐渐变化。 溶解的泥炭的氧化发生在将溶解的泥炭在从入口到出口的基本上垂直的波道中输送的结构中，氧气被引入波浪段的段的底部，并且CO 2从 当溶解的泥炭保持在高于大气压的压力下的波道。 冷却剂在波纹路径周围循环，以消除反应的放热反应，并且将冷却剂闪蒸成该过程中其他地方使用的蒸汽。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5229085A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-20
申请号：US247521
申请日：1988-09-22
摘要： In gold and/or silver cyanide leaching-adsorption processes employing solid adsorbents such as activated charcoal, the overall efficiency in the recovery of gold and/or silver from ores or the like is greatly increased by contacting the cyanide slurry containing the gold and/or silver, with oxygen gas instead of normal air. A generally pure oxygen gas can be bubbled into a vessel containing the slurry, and a cover (e.g. a floating cover) may be provided on the vessel to reduce the oxygen transfer out of the solution and to facilitate pressurization of the system with an oxygen atmosphere. The procedures of the invention are applicable to carbon-in-pulp (CIP), and carbon-in-leach (CIL) processes and related processes using resins. Deaeration of the ore slurry can be practiced prior to the introduction of the oxygen.
摘要翻译： 在使用活性炭等固体吸附剂的金和/或氰化银浸出 - 吸附方法中，通过使包含金和/或金的氰化物浆料接触，使来自矿石等的金和/或银的回收的总效率大大增加 银，用氧气代替正常的空气。 可以将通常纯的氧气鼓泡到含有浆料的容器中，并且可以在容器上提供覆盖物（例如浮动盖）以减少氧气从溶液中的转移并促进系统与氧气氛的加压 。 本发明的方法适用于使用树脂的纸浆（CIP）和碳浸出（CIL）工艺和相关工艺。 矿浆的脱气可以在引入氧之前进行。
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公开(公告)号：US4557905A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-10
申请号：US649921
申请日：1984-09-13
CPC分类号： C22B11/08 , B01D11/0257 , B03D3/06 , C22B11/04 , B01D2011/002
摘要： Particlized mineral material, such as gold ore, silver ore, or coal, is subjected to a leaching process in a manner to maximize treatment effectiveness even when the particlized mineral material contains small fines. The material is slurried with a flocculating material and fibers, such as cellulosic fibers, fiberglass fibers, or ceramic fibers, and a liquid, and then is passed to the top of a leaching reactor. The slurry is continuously passed downwardly in the reactor while the leaching liquid, such as a cyanide solution, is passed counter-current to the slurry. Leaching liquid is removed from the top of the leaching reactor by a stilling well, and then passed through a carbon adsorber and reintroduced into the reactor. Leached slurry is passed to a continuous washing station, with spent wash liquid from the top of the washing station being utilized as a slurrying liquid for the particlized mineral material.
摘要翻译： 即使当颗粒状矿物材料含有细粉末时，也可以使金矿石，银矿石或煤等矿物质矿物质以最大化处理效果的方式浸出。 该材料用絮凝材料和纤维如纤维素纤维，玻璃纤维纤维或陶瓷纤维和液体制浆，然后通过浸出反应器的顶部。 将浆料在反应器中连续通过，同时使诸如氰化物溶液的浸出液逆流通过浆料。 浸出液通过静置井从浸出反应器的顶部除去，然后通过碳吸附器并重新引入反应器。 将浸出的浆料通入连续的洗涤站，用洗涤台顶部的废洗液作为颗粒状矿物材料的浆液。
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公开(公告)号：US4955482A
公开(公告)日：1990-09-11
申请号：US410052
申请日：1989-09-20
申请人： Carl L. Elmore , Phillip Mitchell
发明人： Carl L. Elmore , Phillip Mitchell
CPC分类号： C22B11/08 , B01D11/0257 , B01D29/114 , B01D33/0116 , B01D36/001 , B07B1/50 , B01D2011/005
摘要： In carbon-in-pulp (CIP) and carbon-in-leach (CIL) processes, especially those utilizing pure oxygen instead of normal air to increase the overall efficiency of the cyanide leaching-adsorption process in the recovery of gold and/or silver from ores, the screen within each tank which surrounds the slurry outlet is kept clean. The cleaning action is accomplished by linearly reciprocating the screen first slowly in one direction, and then quickly in another (to cause back flushing); or by rotating a cleaning rotor on the inside of a cylindrical screen. The cleaning rotor may be connected to the same shaft as an agitator disposed above a draft tube within the tank. The screen surface is tapered in its direction of movement, and during movement has a tendency to transport and concentrate the carbon (charcoal) particles at the far end of the slow stroke, and the concentrated particles can be withdrawn and recirculated to other tanks in the system.
摘要翻译： 在碳纸浆（CIP）和碳浸洗（CIL）方法中，特别是那些利用纯氧而不是普通空气来提高氰化物浸出 - 吸附过程在回收金和/或银中的总体效率的方法 从矿石中，围绕浆料出口的每个罐内的筛网保持清洁。 清洁动作是通过在一个方向上慢慢地线性往复运动屏幕，然后在另一个方向上快速地进行（以引起反冲洗）来实现的; 或者通过在圆筒形屏幕的内部旋转清洁转子。 清洁转子可以与设置在罐内的引流管上方的搅拌器连接到相同的轴。 屏幕表面在其运动方向上逐渐变细，并且在运动期间具有将碳（木炭）颗粒运送并集中在慢行程的远端的趋势，并且浓缩的颗粒可以被抽出并再循环到其中的其它罐中 系统。
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公开(公告)号：US4721526A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-26
申请号：US895977
申请日：1986-08-13
CPC分类号： C22B11/08
摘要： A method and system for the percolation leaching of gold and silver ores applies a cyanide leaching liquid to a pile of gold and silver ore. Heap leaching, vat leaching, or the like may specifically be practiced. The cyanide leaching liquid is applied to the pile by spraying, flooding, or via a foam of oxygen gas and cyanide liquid on top of the pile. Gold and silver are recovered from the pregnant liquor. The leach rate is increased and/or the recovery of gold and silver from the ore is increased by supplying to the pile a gas containing oxygen at a significantly higher percentage than in ambient air (e.g. pure oxygen gas). The oxygen gas may be supplied to the leaching liquid, and/or into the pile itself (as with a plurality of perforated pipes adjacent the bottom of the pile).
摘要翻译： 金银矿渗滤浸出的方法和系统将氰化物浸出液应用于一堆金银矿石。 堆浸，大桶浸出等可以具体实施。 氰化物浸出液通过喷洒，淹水或通过氧气和氰化物泡沫在桩的顶部施加到桩上。 从怀孕的酒中回收黄金和白银。 提高浸出率和/或从矿石中回收金和银，通过以比环境空气（例如纯氧气）显着更高的百分比向桩提供含氧气体来提高。 可以将氧气供应到浸出液，和/或供给到桩本身中（如同桩的底部附近的多个穿孔管）。
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8.发明授权Method of producing kraft pulp using an acid prehydrolysis and pre-extraction 失效使用酸预水解和预萃取生产牛皮纸浆的方法
公开(公告)号：US4436586A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-13
申请号：US341627
申请日：1982-01-22
申请人： Carl L. Elmore
发明人： Carl L. Elmore
摘要： A method for produce both kraft pulp and alcohol from hardwood chips or the like. The chips are subjected to mild acid prehydrolysis following by mild caustic pre-extraction. The withdrawn hydrolysate has insufficient furfural to inhibit microorganism growth, and both the hexose and pentose sugars in the hydrolysate are fermented to ultimately produce ethanol, butanol, or the like. The chips - after caustic pre-extraction - are subjected to a sulphate cook, and wash, and the resultant pulp is kraft pulp and even has viscosity and tear strength characteristics more desirable than that of conventional kraft pulp. The pulp can be subjected to oxygen delignification, and achieve a higher K number in fewer subsequent bleaching stages than conventional kraft pulp.
摘要翻译： 从硬木屑等制造牛皮纸浆和酒精的方法。 通过温和的苛性预萃取，将芯片进行温和的酸预水解。 取出的水解产物不足以抑制微生物的生长，水解产物中的己糖和戊糖都被发酵，最终产生乙醇，丁醇等。 苛性预萃取后的碎屑经过硫酸盐蒸煮，洗涤，得到的纸浆是牛皮纸浆，甚至具有比常规牛皮纸浆更好的粘度和撕裂强度特性。 纸浆可以进行氧脱木质素，并且在以后的漂白阶段中比常规牛皮纸浆更少的K值得到。
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公开(公告)号：US5096543A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-17
申请号：US588770
申请日：1990-09-27
申请人： Carl L. Elmore
发明人： Carl L. Elmore
CPC分类号： B01D1/16 , B01D1/30 , C02F1/16 , Y10S203/08 , Y10S203/09 , Y10S203/21
摘要： The waste heat from a steam turbine is condensed and used to desalinate sea water at the same time. The waste steam from a turbine is fed to a condenser through which cold sea water passes. As the cold sea water condenses the waste steam, it is warmed. It is then introduced into a first chamber which includes a number of spray heads disposed over fill (packing) that acts as an evaporator. Any water not evaporated is collected in a sump at the bottom of the first chamber, and the evaporated vapor is passed upwardly under the influence of a fan and ultimately to a second chamber. The second chamber may either be stacked above the first chamber, or in side-by-side relationship with it. A condenser, such as a number of dimpled metal plates, or plastic membranes defining a closed loop, or another set of spray heads and fill, are provided in the second chamber. Air typically recirculates from the bottom of the second chamber back into the first chamber. The product (fresh) water is collected at the bottom of the second chamber, and may be cooled by cold sea water and a portion of it introduced as the condensing liquid in the second chamber.
摘要翻译： 来自蒸汽轮机的废热被冷凝并用于同时对海水进行淡化。 来自涡轮机的废蒸汽被供给到冷水通过的冷凝器。 当冷海水冷凝废水时，它被加热。 然后将其引入第一室，其包括设置在充当蒸发器的填料（填料）上的多个喷头。 任何未蒸发的水都被收集在第一室的底部的贮槽中，蒸发的蒸气在风扇的影响下向上通过并最终到达第二室。 第二室可以堆叠在第一室的上方，也可以与其并列关系。 在第二室中设置有诸如多个凹凸金属板或限定闭环的塑料膜或另一组喷头和填充物的冷凝器。 空气通常从第二室的底部再循环回第一室。 产品（新鲜）的水被收集在第二室的底部，并且可以被冷海水冷却，并且其一部分作为冷凝液被引入第二室。
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公开(公告)号：US4786363A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-22
申请号：US16939
申请日：1987-02-20
申请人： Carl L. Elmore , Charles W. Dier
发明人： Carl L. Elmore , Charles W. Dier
IPC分类号： B01D1/22
CPC分类号： B01D1/22 , Y10S159/15 , Y10S203/23
摘要： An evaporator includes heating elements which are part of a thin skin providing the evaporator vessel wall, supporting the skin for internal and external pressure, and a top portion of the vessel. A liquor distributing plate is supported on the heating elements, with a liquor inlet donut-shaped conduit disposed above the liquor distributing plate. The heating elements are radially disposed within the vessel, and are supported at the bottom by a ring which engages the bottoms of the heating elements, and a vertical axis tube extending from the vessel bottom to the ring, the tube having a plurality of through-extending openings formed in it. The vapor outlet for the vessel is concentric with the heating elements and the liquor distributing perforated plate. Heating fluid (e.g. steam) is introduced into the interior volumes of the heating elements adjacent the tops thereof, and a vent is provided adjacent the bottoms.
摘要翻译： 蒸发器包括作为提供蒸发器容器壁的薄皮肤的一部分的加热元件，支撑外部压力的内部和外部的皮肤以及容器的顶部。 液体分配板支撑在加热元件上，液体入口环形导管设置在液体分配板上方。 加热元件径向地设置在容器内，并且通过与加热元件底部接合的环和从容器底部延伸到环的垂直轴管在底部被支撑，该管具有多个通孔， 在其中形成延伸的开口。 容器的蒸汽出口与加热元件和液体分配多孔板同心。 加热流体（例如蒸汽）被引入邻近其顶部的加热元件的内部容积中，并且在底部附近提供排气口。
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