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公开(公告)号：US5795459A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-18
申请号：US688268
申请日：1996-07-29
申请人： Charles T. Sweeney
发明人： Charles T. Sweeney
CPC分类号： D06F39/006 , C02F1/46104 , C02F1/4672 , C02F1/4674 , D06F35/001 , D06F35/004 , C02F1/66 , C02F2201/4611 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2201/46165
摘要： A small portable electrolytic cell has an enclosed electrode in a compartment and an exposed electrode open to an electrolyte into which the cell is immersed. The cell is operable when immersed in aqueous liquid containing a chloride salt to generate chlorine or other oxidant when said exposed electrode is an anode, or to increase the pH of said liquid when said exposed electrode is a cathode.
摘要翻译： 小型便携式电解池在隔室中具有封闭的电极，露出的电极通过电解质浸入电池中。 当所述暴露的电极是阳极时，当浸入含有氯化物盐的含水液体中以产生氯或其它氧化剂时，电池可操作，或者当所述暴露的电极是阴极时，增加所述液体的pH。
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公开(公告)号：US4596648A
公开(公告)日：1986-06-24
申请号：US634370
申请日：1984-07-25
申请人： Charles T. Sweeney
发明人： Charles T. Sweeney
CPC分类号： C02F1/4674 , C25B1/00 , C25B15/08 , C25B9/00 , C02F2001/46128 , C02F2201/4615
摘要： A continuous electrolytic generator is disclosed having two sealed compartments, separated by a cation exchange membrane, having a cathode in one compartment, and an anode in the other. A bipolar electrode is positioned in the anode compartment between the cation exchange membrane and the anode. The bipolar electrode may be supported on the dividing wall spaced from the ion-exchange membrane. The bipolar membrane may also be supported on the anode on insulators in spaced relation thereto. The generator has exterior reservoirs for continuously circulating solutions to and from the anode and cathode compartments. A third reservoir receives make-up water and salt and is connected to supply brine to the exterior anode reservoir. The cell produces a mixture of oxidant gases containing chlorine, chlorine dioxide, oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and possibly ozone, from the anode compartment which is connected to a gas collection and utilization system, e.g., a venturi in a flowing water line. The system includes a pressure switch, responsive to vacuum in the venturi, operable to energize the pumps circulating solutions from the exterior reservoirs only when water is flowing.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种连续的电解发生器，其具有由阳离子交换膜隔开的两个密封隔室，在一个室中具有阴极，另一个阳极分开。 双极电极位于阳极交换膜和阳极之间的阳极室中。 双极电极可以被支撑在与离子交换膜隔开的分隔壁上。 绝缘体上的双极隔膜也可以与阳极隔开间隔地支撑。 发电机具有用于连续循环到阳极和阴极室的溶液的外部储存器。 第三个储存器接收补充水和盐，并连接到向外部阳极储存器供应盐水。 电池从连接到气体收集和利用系统（例如流水线中的文丘里管）的阳极室产生包含氯，二氧化氯，氧气，过氧化氢和可能的臭氧的氧化剂气体的混合物。 该系统包括响应于文氏管中的真空的压力开关，其可操作以仅在水流动时从泵向外部储存器泵送循环溶液。
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公开(公告)号：US5118397A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-02
申请号：US593028
申请日：1990-10-05
申请人： Charles T. Sweeney
发明人： Charles T. Sweeney
CPC分类号： A23K50/10 , A23K10/32 , Y02P60/877 , Y10S426/807
摘要： A method for conversion of comminuted cellulosic agricultural wastes into a form edible by ruminant animals comprises treating such wastes, e.g., straw, corn stalks and husks, cotton wastes, peanut shells, saw dust, etc. by spraying with an aqueous solution of a mixed oxidant gas, at a pH of about 11-12, to produce a total water content of less than 20%, a pH of about 11.4-11.7, and NaOH content of less than 5.0% in the waste. The mixed-oxidant gas is preferably produced by a gas generator comprising an electrolytic cell having an anode compartment, a bipolar electrode in the anode compartment, a cathode compartment and a membrane separating the compartments to permit only a limited flow of electrolyte therebetween. When a low salt concentration solution is electrolyzed in this cell, the output is a mixed oxidant gas containing chlorine and various oxygen-containing species. The gas generator which is preferred is that shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,248,681. The oxidant gas produced from dilute salt solutions contains chlorine, chlorine dioxide and other oxygen-containing gases. In alkaline solution, the mixed oxidant gases form a mixture of salts of the formula NaClO.sub.x, where x is 1-7. After a reaction time from several hours up to several days, the product obtained can be washed with water to substantially remove chemically combined lignins, while a fraction of the hollo-cellulose has been substantially hydrolyzed to sugars, and is a satisfactory feed for ruminant animals, being non-toxic and digestible.
摘要翻译： 将粉碎的纤维素农业废弃物转化为反刍动物可食用的形式的方法包括通过喷洒混合的水溶液来处理例如稻草，玉米秸秆和果壳，棉花废物，花生壳，锯屑等废物 氧化剂气体，pH为约11-12，以产生低于20％的总含水量，约11.4-11.7的pH，以及废物中的NaOH含量低于5.0％。 混合氧化剂气体优选通过气体发生器制造，该气体发生器包括具有阳极室，阳极室中的双极电极，阴极室和分离隔间的膜的电解池，仅允许它们之间的有限电解质流动。 当在该电池中电解低盐浓度溶液时，输出是含氯和各种含氧物质的混合氧化剂气体。 优选的气体发生器是美国专利No. 第4,248,681号。 由稀盐溶液生成的氧化剂气体含有氯，二氧化氯和其他含氧气体。 在碱性溶液中，混合的氧化剂气体形成式为NaClO x的盐的混合物，其中x为1-7。 经过数小时至几天的反应时间后，所得产物可以用水洗涤以基本上除去化学组合的木质素，而一部分的圣洛昔克已经基本上水解成糖，并且是反刍动物的令人满意的饲料 ，无毒且易消化。
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公开(公告)号：US4334968A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-15
申请号：US121114
申请日：1980-02-13
申请人： Charles T. Sweeney
发明人： Charles T. Sweeney
CPC分类号： C02F1/4674 , C02F1/46109 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/066 , C02F1/763 , C02F2001/46128 , C02F2103/42 , C02F2201/46115
摘要： An electrolytic generator is disclosed for use in treating water in swimming pools, baths, reservoirs, sewage, etc., and in bleaching chemical pulp. The generator is of the type consisting of two sealed compartments separated by an ion-permeable membrane and having a cathode in one compartment and an anode in the other. Hydrogen is evolved from the cathode compartment and a chlorine/chlorine dioxide mixture from the anode compartment. In this generator, an electrically neutral or bipolar electrode (one not connected in the anode-cathode circuit) is positioned adjacent to the anode or between the anode and the cathode adjacent to the ion-permeable membrane in the anode compartment. This electrolytic generator is characterized by a more rapid start up and generates a mixture of chlorine and chlorine dioxide at both the anode and the neutral electrode.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于处理游泳池，浴池，水库，污水等中的水以及漂白化学纸浆中的电解生成器。 发电机的类型由两个由离子透过膜隔开的密封隔间组成，并且在一个隔室中具有一个阴极，另一个隔着阳极。 氢从阴极室和来自阳极室的氯/二氧化氯混合物放出。 在该发生器中，电中性或双极电极（未连接在阳极 - 阴极电路中的一个）位于邻近阳极的位置或与阳极室中离子透过膜相邻的阳极和阴极之间。 这种电解发生器的特征在于启动更快速，并在阳极和中性电极两端产生氯和二氧化氯的混合物。
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公开(公告)号：US5667760A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-16
申请号：US515391
申请日：1995-08-15
申请人： Charles T. Sweeney
发明人： Charles T. Sweeney
IPC分类号： B01D53/52
CPC分类号： B01D53/52 , B01D2251/106 , B01D2251/108
摘要： Sour natural gas, containing H.sub.2 S and organic sulfide contaminants, is contacted with a sweetening composition comprising an aqueous solution of a substantially equimolar mixture of OCl and HO.sub.2. (preferably NaOCl and NaOOH) for a time sufficient to oxidize the sulfides to an odorless form. The solution has a pH of 9.0-10.5, an oxidation normality of 0.001-0.1. The solution may be produced by mixing Cl.sub.2 into a dilute aqueous solution of NaOH at about pH 10.5 until the pH reaches a level of about 9.5-10.5, or produced electrochemically in a diaphragm cell having a bipolar electrode in the same compartment as the anode, collecting the effluent gas from the cell and absorbing said effluent gas into a dilute aqueous solution of NaOH at about pH 9.5-10.5. The treatment may be run as an adjunct to a metal chelate redox treatment to improve the oxidation by the redox catalyst and to improve the catalyst regeneration. The treatment may be run in batch, in a scrubbing tower, or in-line in a flowing gas stream with solids removal provided.
摘要翻译： 含有H 2 S和有机硫化物污染物的天然气与含有基本上等摩尔的OCl和HO 2混合物的水溶液的甜味组合物接触。 （优选NaOCl和NaOOH）持续足以将硫化物氧化成无味形式的时间。 该溶液的pH值为9.0-10.5，氧化正常值为0.001-0.1。 该溶液可以通过将Cl 2在约pH 10.5下混合到稀NaOH水溶液中而产生，直到pH达到约9.5-10.5的水平，或者在具有与阳极相同的隔室中的双极电极的隔膜电池中电化学地制备， 从池中收集废气并将所述流出气体吸收到pH约9.5-10.5的稀NaOH水溶液中。 该处理可以作为金属螯合氧化还原处理的辅助物进行，以改善氧化还原催化剂的氧化并改善催化剂再生。 处理可以批量运行，在洗涤塔中，或者在流动的气流中在线提供固体除去。
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公开(公告)号：US4248681A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-03
申请号：US121115
申请日：1980-02-13
申请人： Charles T. Sweeney
发明人： Charles T. Sweeney
CPC分类号： C02F1/4674 , C02F1/46109 , C25B1/26 , C02F1/763 , C02F2001/46128 , C02F2103/42 , C02F2201/46115
摘要： An electrolytic generator is disclosed for use in treating water in swimming pools, baths, reservoirs, sewage, etc., and in bleaching chemical pulp. The generator is of the type consisting of two sealed compartments separated by an ion-permeable membrane and having a cathode in one compartment and an an anode in the other. Hydrogen is evolved from the cathode compartment and a chlorine/chlorine dioxide mixture from the anode compartment. In this generator, an electrically neutral or bipolar electrode (one not connected in the anode-cathode circuit) is positioned adjacent to the anode or between the anode and the cathode adjacent to the ion-permeable membrane in the anode compartment. This electrolytic generator is characterized by a more rapid start up and generates a mixture of chlorine and chlorine dioxide at both the anode and the neutral electrode.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于处理游泳池，浴池，水库，污水等中的水以及漂白化学纸浆中的电解生成器。 该发生器是由两个由离子透过膜隔开并且在一个隔室中具有阴极和另一个阳极隔开的密封隔室的类型。 氢从阴极室和来自阳极室的氯/二氧化氯混合物放出。 在该发生器中，电中性或双极电极（未连接在阳极 - 阴极电路中的一个）位于邻近阳极的位置或与阳极室中离子透过膜相邻的阳极和阴极之间。 这种电解发生器的特征在于启动更快速，并在阳极和中性电极两端产生氯和二氧化氯的混合物。
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公开(公告)号：US5411655A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-02
申请号：US180071
申请日：1994-01-11
申请人： Charles T. Sweeney
发明人： Charles T. Sweeney
CPC分类号： A23K50/10 , A23K10/32 , Y02P60/877 , Y10S426/807
摘要： A method for conversion of comminuted cellulosic agricultural wastes into a form edible by ruminant animals comprises treating such wastes, e.g., straw, corn stalks and husks, cotton wastes, peanut shells, saw dust, grains (corn, sorghum), etc. by treating with an aqueous solution of a mixed oxidant gas, at a pH of about 7-9, to produce a total water content of less than 20%, a pH of about 7.5-8.3, and NaOH content of less than 5.0% in the waste. The mixed-oxidant gas is produced by a novel electrolytic cell having an anode compartment, cathode compartment and membrane separating the compartments to permit a limited flow of electrolyte therebetween. The anode compartment contains a plurality of anodes and bi-polar electrodes supported in a substantially co-planar relation spaced laterally from each other. The anodes are electrically connected and the bi-polar electrodes are insulated therefrom. An alternate embodiment uses a triple anode comprising a titanium sheet having a coating of the type used on chlorine-producing anodes and flat titanium mesh sheets having a coating of the type used on oxygen-producing anodes on opposite sides thereof supported by insulated spacers. A salt solution electrolyzed in this cell produces the above-mentioned mixed oxidant gas which when absorbed in alkaline solution forms a mixture of oxidant species. The treated product obtained is a satisfactory feed for ruminant animals, being non-toxic and digestible.
摘要翻译： 将粉碎的纤维素农业废弃物转化为反刍动物可食用的形式的方法包括通过处理例如秸秆，玉米秸秆和果壳，棉花废弃物，花生壳，锯屑，谷物（玉米，高粱）等废弃物 与混合氧化剂气体的水溶液在约7-9的pH下产生总含水量小于20％，pH为约7.5-8.3，NaOH含量低于5.0％的废物 。 混合氧化剂气体由具有阳极室，阴极室和隔离隔室的膜的新型电解槽产生，以允许它们之间电解质的有限流动。 阳极室包含以彼此横向间隔开的基本上共平面的关系支撑的多个阳极和双极电极。 阳极电连接，双极电极与其绝缘。 替代实施例使用三重阳极，其包括具有在产氯阳极上使用的类型的涂层的钛片和具有由绝缘垫片支撑在其相对侧上的产生氧的阳极上使用的类型的扁平网眼片。 在该电池中电解的盐溶液产生上述混合氧化剂气体，当在碱性溶液中吸收时形成氧化剂物质的混合物。 获得的处理产品是反刍动物的令人满意的饲料，无毒且易消化。
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公开(公告)号：US5352340A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-04
申请号：US808223
申请日：1991-12-16
申请人： Charles T. Sweeney
发明人： Charles T. Sweeney
CPC分类号： A23K50/10 , A23K10/32 , Y02P60/877 , Y10S426/807
摘要： A method for conversion of comminuted cellulosic agricultural wastes into a form edible by ruminant animals comprises treating such wastes, e.g., straw, corn stalks and husks, cotton wastes, peanut shells, saw dust, grains (corn, sorghum), etc. by treating with an aqueous solution of a mixed oxidant gas, at a pH of about 7-9, to produce a total water content of less than 20%, a pH of about 7.5-8.3, and NaOH content of less than 5.0% in the waste. The mixed-oxidant gas is produced by a novel electrolytic cell having an anode compartment, cathode compartment and membrane separating the compartments to permit a limited flow of electrolyte therebetween. The anode compartment contains a plurality of anodes and bi-polar electrodes supported in a substantially co-planar relation spaced laterally from each other. The anodes are electrically connected and the bi-polar electrodes are insulated therefrom. An alternate embodiment uses a triple anode comprising a titanium sheet having a coating of the type used on chlorine-producing anodes and flat titanium mesh sheets having a coating of the type used on oxygen-producing anodes on opposite sides thereof supported by insulated spacers. A salt solution electrolyzed in this cell produces the above-mentioned mixed oxidant gas which when absorbed in alkaline solution forms a mixture of oxidant species. The treated product obtained is a satisfactory feed for ruminant animals, being non-toxic and digestible.
摘要翻译： 将粉碎的纤维素农业废弃物转化为反刍动物可食用的形式的方法包括通过处理例如秸秆，玉米秸秆和果壳，棉花废弃物，花生壳，锯屑，谷物（玉米，高粱）等废弃物 与混合氧化剂气体的水溶液在约7-9的pH下产生总含水量小于20％，pH为约7.5-8.3，NaOH含量低于5.0％的废物 。 混合氧化剂气体由具有阳极室，阴极室和隔离隔室的膜的新型电解槽产生，以允许它们之间电解质的有限流动。 阳极室包含以彼此横向间隔开的基本上共平面的关系支撑的多个阳极和双极电极。 阳极电连接，双极电极与其绝缘。 替代实施例使用三重阳极，其包括具有在产氯阳极上使用的类型的涂层的钛片和具有由绝缘垫片支撑在其相对侧上的产生氧的阳极上使用的类型的扁平网眼片。 在该电池中电解的盐溶液产生上述混合氧化剂气体，当在碱性溶液中吸收时形成氧化剂物质的混合物。 获得的处理产品是反刍动物的令人满意的饲料，无毒且易消化。
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公开(公告)号：US5032239A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-16
申请号：US328278
申请日：1989-03-24
申请人： Charles T. Sweeney
发明人： Charles T. Sweeney
CPC分类号： A23K50/10 , A23K10/32 , Y02P60/877 , Y10S426/807
摘要： A method for conversion of comminuted cellulosic agricultural wastes into a form edible by ruminant animals comprises treating such wastes, e.g., straw, corn husks, cotton wastes, peanut shells, saw dust, etc. by spraying with an aqueous solution of a mixed oxidant gas, at a pH of about 11-12, to produce a water content of less than 40% and a pH of about 11.4-11.7 in the waste. The mixed-oxidant gas is preferably produced by a gas generator comprising an electrolytic cell having an anode compartment, a cathode compartment and a membrane separating the compartments to permit only a limited flow of electrolyte therebetween. When a low salt concentration solution is electrolyzed in this cell, the output is a mixed oxidant gas containing chlorine and various oxygen-containing species. Another gas generator which may be used is that shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,248,681. The oxidant gas produced from dilute salt solutions contains chlorine, chlorine dioxide and other oxygen-containing gases. After a reaction time from several hours up to several days, the product obtained is essentially free from chemically combined lignins and has been substantially hydrolyzed to sugars, and is a satisfactory feed for ruminant animals. Alternatively, the wastes may be treated with aqueous caustic to the desired pH and water content and the mixed oxidant gas circulated through the waste and absorbed therein.
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公开(公告)号：US4804449A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-14
申请号：US090404
申请日：1987-08-27
申请人： Charles T. Sweeney
发明人： Charles T. Sweeney
CPC分类号： C02F1/4674 , C02F1/46109 , C25B1/26 , C25B13/08 , C02F2001/46128 , C02F2001/46152 , C02F2103/42
摘要： An electrolytic cell is disclosed comprising two or more compartments containing an anode, cathode, and one or more electrically neutral bi-polar electrodes. These cells can be utilized as batch or flowing cells. Increased capacity and lower maintenance is obtained using a diaphragm separating the compartments. This diaphragm is a special, finely woven synthetic non-ionic fabric having a low permeability. The preferred diaphragm is of Kanecaron modacrylic fiber. The bi-polar electrodes may be any of several configurations and act as a charged electrical component in a solution. When bi-polar electrodes are used in an anode compartment of a chlorine electrolytic cell, oxygen species are produced which blend with the chlorine species of a standard anode reaction to produce Cl.sub.2, ClO.sub.2 and oxygen species. When used in a cathode compartment, bi-polar electrode configurations serve to cool the caustic due to the agitation occuring on the bi-polars as well as increase buildup of caustic concentration. The diaphragm material is superior to NAFION in maintaining separation between two electrolytes of different viscosities and less back migration has been observed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种包含两个或更多个隔室的电解池，该室包含阳极，阴极和一个或多个电中性双极电极。 这些细胞可以用作批量或流动细胞。 使用分隔隔室的隔膜获得容量增加和维护更少。 该隔膜是具有低渗透性的特殊的精细编织的合成非离子织物。 优选的隔膜是Kanecaron改性聚丙烯腈纤维。 双极电极可以是几种配置中的任何一种，并且用作溶液中的带电电组件。 当双极电极用于氯电解池的阳极室时，产生与标准阳极反应的氯物质混合以产生Cl 2，ClO 2和氧物质的氧物质。 当用于阴极室时，双极电极配置用于冷却苛性碱，这是由于在双极上发生的搅拌以及增加苛性碱的浓度。 隔膜材料优于NAFION，以保持两种不同粘度的电解液之间的分离，并观察到较少的反向迁移。
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