Method for processing a layer of material while using insitu monitoring
and control
    1.
    发明授权
    Method for processing a layer of material while using insitu monitoring and control 失效
    在使用现场监控和控制时处理材料层的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5372673A

    公开(公告)日:1994-12-13

    申请号:US8034

    申请日:1993-01-25

    CPC分类号: H01L21/31053

    摘要: A method for planarizing a layer (18) begins by forming a layer (18) over a wafer having a substrate (12). Layer (18) has a surface topography which is not planar. A layer of material (20) is formed over the layer (18). The layer of material (20) has a surface which is more planar than the surface of layer (18). The surface of material (20) is transferred into the layer (18) by etching the layer (18) and the material (20) at approximately the same etch rate. The same etch rate is achieved by monitoring one of either the surface of the wafer or the etch environment of an etch system chamber. A computer-controlled feedback path alters an etch chemistry or etch environment to maintain the etch rates within an etch rate tolerance which is also referred to as a process window. By monitoring and altering the etch environment and/or the etch chemistry to maintain a process window, an optimal planar surface is achieved for layer (18).

    摘要翻译: 用于平坦化层(18)的方法开始于在具有衬底(12)的晶片上形成层(18)。 层(18)具有不平面的表面形貌。 在层(18)之上形成一层材料(20)。 材料层(20)具有比层(18)的表面更平的表面。 通过以大致相同的蚀刻速率蚀刻层(18)和材料(20)将材料(20)的表面转移到层(18)中。 通过监测晶片的表面或蚀刻系统室的蚀刻环境之一来实现相同的蚀刻速率。 计算机控制的反馈路径改变蚀刻化学或蚀刻环境,以将蚀刻速率保持在也被称为处理窗口的蚀刻速率容限内。 通过监测和改变蚀刻环境和/或蚀刻化学以维持工艺窗口,对层(18)实现最佳平面。

    Metallized pad polishing process
    2.
    发明授权
    Metallized pad polishing process 失效
    金属化抛光工艺

    公开(公告)号:US5707492A

    公开(公告)日:1998-01-13

    申请号:US573990

    申请日:1995-12-18

    IPC分类号: B24B37/04 B24B57/04 B24B1/00

    摘要: A chemical-mechanical-polishing (CMP) process in which a metal interconnect material (47) is polished to form a metal plug (48) includes the application of titanium to the surface of a polishing pad (14) of a polishing apparatus (10). Titanium metal is applied to the surface of the polishing pad (14) by either abrasively applying titanium by use of a titanium block (32) attached to a rotating disk (26), or by a titanium body (23, 25) integrated with a carrier ring (23). Alternatively, titanium can be applied by impregnating a felt layer (52) with titanium particles (56), or by adding titanium directly to the polishing slurry (50).

    摘要翻译: 抛光金属互连材料(47)以形成金属塞(48)的化学机械抛光(CMP)工艺包括将钛施加到抛光装置(10)的抛光垫(14)的表面 )。 通过使用附接到旋转盘(26)的钛块(32)或通过与主体(23,25)集成的钛体(23,25),通过使用钛来研磨钛,从而将金属金属施加到抛光垫(14)的表面 载体环(23)。 或者,可以通过用钛颗粒(56)浸渍毡层(52)或通过将钛直接添加到抛光浆料(50)中来施加钛。

    Production of a stable lactose product
    3.
    发明授权
    Production of a stable lactose product 失效
    生产稳定的乳糖产品

    公开(公告)号:US4342604A

    公开(公告)日:1982-08-03

    申请号:US194722

    申请日:1980-10-07

    IPC分类号: C13K5/00

    CPC分类号: C13K5/00

    摘要: Lactose having reproducible pH and a lowered ash level can be produced from lactose rich permeate resulting from the ultrafiltration of whey, by adding a small amount of a chelating agent such as a salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as, for instance, the disodium salt, the calcium disodium salt, or an alkali metal polyphosphate, as sodium hexametaphosphate to the lactose containing permeate prior to crystallization of the lactose.

    摘要翻译: 通过添加少量的螯合剂如乙二胺四乙酸的盐,例如二钠盐,可以从乳糖超滤中产生的富含乳糖的渗透物,具有可重复的pH和降低的灰分水平的乳糖,钙 二钠盐或碱金属多磷酸盐作为六聚磷酸钠加入到乳糖结晶之前的含乳糖的渗透物中。