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公开(公告)号：US4880571A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-14
申请号：US921918
申请日：1986-10-22
IPC分类号： C07B61/00 , B01J27/00 , C07C67/00 , C07C201/00 , C07C205/45 , C07C205/46 , C07C205/48
CPC分类号： C07C201/12 , C07C201/14
摘要： A process for the preparation of 5-nitro-1,4-naphthoquinones of formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy radical, by oxidation of 1-nitronaphthalene or a suitably substituted 1-nitronaphthalene, which process comprises carrying out the reaction with manganese(III) sulfate as oxidizing agent or a mixture of manganese(III) sulfate and cerium sulfate.The maganese(III) sulfate consumed can be regenerated electrolytically with good current yield. The process is environmentally safe, as the oxidizing agent and the solvent, if any, can be reused.
摘要翻译： 制备式“IMAGE”的5-硝基-1,4-萘醌的方法，其中R是氢，C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基，通过1-硝基萘的氧化或适当取代的1-硝基萘 该方法包括用硫酸锰（III）作为氧化剂或硫酸锰（III）和硫酸铈的混合物进行反应。 消耗的硫酸锰（III）可以以较好的电流产率电解再生。 该方法是环境安全的，因为氧化剂和溶剂（如果有的话）可以重复使用。
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公开(公告)号：US4582942A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-15
申请号：US643970
申请日：1984-08-15
摘要： Manufacture of p-tert. butyl-benzaldehyde (TBT) by oxidation with a Mn.sup.3+ salt, which salt is generated by electrochemical oxidation of a Mn.sup.2+ salt, and whereby the chemical oxidation and the electrochemical oxidation are carried out in separate reaction vessels.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / CH83 / 00145 Sec。 371日期1984年8月15日 102（e）日期1984年8月15日PCT提交1983年12月19日PCT公布。 第WO84 / 02522号公报 日期：1984年7月5日。 通过Mn3 +盐的氧化反应生成叔丁基苯甲醛（TBT），该盐通过Mn2 +盐的电化学氧化而产生，由此化学氧化和电化学氧化在分开的反应容器中进行。
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3.发明授权Electrochemical process for the preparation of benzanthrones and planar, polycyclic aromatic oxygen-containing compounds 失效用于制备苯并蒽和平面，多环芳族含氧化合物的电化学方法
公开(公告)号：US4394227A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-19
申请号：US354109
申请日：1982-03-02
CPC分类号： C25B3/00
摘要： An electrochemical process for the preparation of benzanthrones and planar, polycyclic aromatic oxygen-containing compounds is described. The process is carried out in an acid medium in an electrolytic cell which is separated by a diaphragm into a cathode compartment and an anode compartment.In the cathode compartment, anthraquinone or an anthraquinone derivative is reduced electrolytically to oxanthrone and the latter is reacted with glycerol to give the corresponding benzanthrone.In the anode compartment, a transition metal ion is simultaneously converted electrolytically from a lower oxidation stage into the next higher oxidation stage. The metal ion of higher valency is then used in the anolyte as an oxidizing agent by means of which the corresponding oxygen-containing compounds are obtained, starting from planar, polycyclic aromatic compounds.
摘要翻译： 描述了制备苯并蒽和平面，多环芳族含氧化合物的电化学方法。 该方法在由隔膜分隔成阴极室和阳极室的电解池中的酸性介质中进行。 在阴极室中，将蒽醌或蒽醌衍生物电解还原成黄烷酮，后者与甘油反应得到相应的苯醌。 在阳极室中，过渡金属离子同时从较低氧化阶段电解转化为下一个更高的氧化阶段。 然后将高价金属离子用作阳极电解液作为氧化剂，通过该氧化剂从平面多环芳族化合物开始获得相应的含氧化合物。
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公开(公告)号：US4005138A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-25
申请号：US504582
申请日：1974-09-09
IPC分类号： C07C309/80 , C07C20060101 , C07C19/08 , C07C67/00 , C07C301/00 , C07C303/16 , C07C309/65 , C07C309/78 , C07C309/85 , C07C315/02 , C07C317/04 , C07C317/12 , C07C143/70
CPC分类号： C07C309/00
摘要： A process for the manufacture of sulphonic acid fluorides of the formula RSO.sub.2 F, wherein R represents a straight-chain or a branched alkyl or cycloalkyl radical is provided. The process is carried out in liquid hydrogen fluoride and comprises reacting thio compounds of the formula R--S--X, wherein R has the indicated meaning and X is hydrogen or --S--R, with nitrogen dioxide and/or dinitrogen tetroxide. The obtained sulfonic acid fluorides are useful intermediates for the manufacture of a great number of other compounds. By means of electrochemical fluorination they can also be converted into the corresponding perfluoroalkylsulphonic acid fluorides, which can be used as a basis for oil and water repellants.
摘要翻译： 提供了制备式RSO 2 F的磺酸氟化物的方法，其中R表示直链或支链烷基或环烷基。 该方法在液体氟化氢中进行，并且包括使式R-S-X的硫代化合物与其二氧化氮和/或四氧化二氮反应，其中R具有指定含义，X是氢或-S-R。 得到的磺酸氟化物是制造大量其它化合物的有用中间体。 通过电化学氟化，它们也可以转化为相应的全氟烷基磺酸氟化物，其可以用作防水和防水剂的基础。
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公开(公告)号：US4770818A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-13
申请号：US110162
申请日：1987-10-19
申请人： Eric Plattner , Gottfried Seifert , Tibor Somlo
发明人： Eric Plattner , Gottfried Seifert , Tibor Somlo
CPC分类号： C09B1/201
摘要： There is disclosed a process for the preparation of 1-aminoanthraquinones from 5-nitro-1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydroanthraquinones with a basic reducing agent, which process is carried out under pressure in the temperature range above 100.degree. C. and in an aqueous-organic medium. The process affords very pure 1-aminoanthraquinone, which is, inter alia, an important intermediate.
摘要翻译： 公开了用碱还原剂从5-硝基-1,4,4a，9a-四氢蒽醌制备1-氨基蒽醌的方法，该方法在压力下在100℃以上的温度下进行， 水 - 有机介质。 该方法提供非常纯的1-氨基蒽醌，其特别是重要的中间体。
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6.发明授权Production of pulp by the soda-anthraquinone process (SAP) with recovery of the cooking chemicals 失效通过苏打 - 蒽醌法（SAP）生产纸浆，并回收烹饪用化学品
公开(公告)号：US5595628A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-21
申请号：US170364
申请日：1994-01-05
申请人： Otto W. Gordon , Eric Plattner , Frank Doppenberg
发明人： Otto W. Gordon , Eric Plattner , Frank Doppenberg
CPC分类号： D21C3/222 , D21C11/0057 , D21C11/14 , D21C3/003 , D21C3/02
摘要： A process for the production of cellulose from wood and annual plants is provided where the digesting liquor contains free caustic soda, sodium salts of alkyl benzenesulfonic acids, and of aromatic or aliphatic carboxylic acids. By the addition of anthraquinone or its derivatives to the digesting liquor, the delignification is improved. Anthraquinone is resistant to wet oxidation and can be reintroduced into the digesting process. The solubility and, therefore, the effectiveness of anthraquinone is improved by the use of sulfonic acid salts. For the recovery of the digesting chemicals contained in the black liquor, solubilized liquor is precipitated with mineral acid or carbon dioxide and the hemicelluloses are separated by ultra filtration. The resins are separated by extraction with the residual organic compounds, except for the sulfonates and carboxylics, being burned in an aqueous phase with air and/or oxygen. The solution of chemicals containing no further wood decomposition products can, by caustification of the carbonates, be transformed into caustic soda and after partial crystallization of the aliphatic carboxylics used for the cycle of pulp production. The sodium acetate isolated by crystallization can, by membrane electrolysis, be split into acetic acid and sodium hydroxide. The caustic soda is reintroduced to the digesting process, while the acetic acid is treated separately.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / CH93 / 00108 Sec。 371日期1994年1月5日 102（e）日期1994年1月5日PCT提交1993年4月30日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 22492 日期1993年11月11日提供了一种从木材和一年生植物生产纤维素的方法，其中消化液含有游离苛性钠，烷基苯磺酸的钠盐和芳族或脂族羧酸。 通过向消化液中加入蒽醌或其衍生物，提高了脱木素作用。 蒽醌耐湿氧化，可以重新引入消化过程。 通过使用磺酸盐可以改善蒽醌的溶解性和有效性。 为了回收包含在黑液中的消化剂，用无机酸或二氧化碳沉淀溶解的液体，并通过超滤分离半纤维素。 除了磺酸盐和羧酸之外，残余的有机化合物通过萃取分离，在空气和/或氧气中在水相中燃烧。 不含木材分解产物的化学品溶液可以通过碳酸盐的去除，转化成苛性钠，并在用于纸浆生产循环的脂肪族羧酸部分结晶后进行。 通过结晶分离的乙酸钠可以通过膜电解分离成乙酸和氢氧化钠。 将苛性钠重新引入消化过程中，同时分别处理乙酸。
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公开(公告)号：US4559176A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-17
申请号：US628884
申请日：1984-07-09
IPC分类号： C07C49/713 , C07C45/00 , C07C45/68 , C07C49/665 , C07C67/00 , C09B3/04 , C07C50/22
CPC分类号： C09B3/04
摘要： The invention describes a process for the production of benzanthrone by reacting anthraquinone with glycerol and/or acrolein, using anthrone as reducing agent.Benzanthrone is an important intermediate for dyes and is used in particular for the preparation of vat dyes.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种使用蒽酮作为还原剂使蒽醌与甘油和/或丙烯醛反应生产苯并蒽酮的方法。 苯胺酮是染料的重要中间体，特别用于制备还原染料。
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公开(公告)号：US4510100A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-09
申请号：US559149
申请日：1983-12-07
IPC分类号： C07C309/47 , C07C67/00 , C07C301/00 , C07C303/08 , C07C303/32 , C07C143/60
CPC分类号： C07C309/00
摘要： The invention relates to an improved process for the production of 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (Tobias acid). This improved process makes it possible to obtain Tobias acid which has only a very low content of 2-aminonaphthalene and in high space-time yield. The process starts from 2-hydroxynaphthalene and comprises the following main reaction steps:(a) the sulfonation of 2-hydroxynaphthalene to 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (oxy-Tobias acid) with chlorosulfonic acid, in an inert organic solvent;(b) the neutralization of the liberated hydrochloric acid and excess chlorosulfonic acid still present in the reaction medium and conversion of the 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid obtained into the corresponding ammonium salt with ammonia;(c) conversion of the 2-hydroxy group into the 2-amino group by the Bucherer reaction; and(d) the subsequent precipitation of the Tobias acid with dilute sulfuric acid.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种生产2-氨基-1-萘磺酸（托比亚酸）的改进方法。 这种改进的方法使得可以获得仅具有非常低的2-氨基萘含量和高空时收率的托比亚酸。 该方法从2-羟基萘开始，包括以下主要反应步骤：（a）在惰性有机溶剂中用氯磺酸将2-羟基萘磺化为2-羟基萘-1-磺酸（氧 - 托比酸）; （b）中和反应介质中仍然存在的游离的盐酸和过量的氯磺酸，并将得到的2-羟基萘-1-磺酸转化为相应的铵盐与氨; （c）通过Bucherer反应将2-羟基转化为2-氨基; 和（d）随后用稀硫酸沉淀托比亚酸。
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