摘要:
A novel system and methods for accelerating analytes including, without limitation, molecular ions, biomolecules, polymers, nano- and microparticles, is provided. The invention can be useful for increasing detection sensitivity in applications such as mass spectrometry, performing collision-induced dissociation molecular structure analysis, and probing surfaces and samples using accelerated analyte.
摘要:
A novel system and methods for accelerating analytes including, without limitation, molecular ions, biomolecules, polymers, nano- and microparticles, is provided. The invention can be useful for increasing detection sensitivity in applications such as mass spectrometry, performing collision-induced dissociation molecular structure analysis, and probing surfaces and samples using accelerated analyte.
摘要:
A novel system and methods for accelerating analytes including, without limitation, molecular ions, biomolecules, polymers, nano- and microparticles, is provided. The invention can be useful for increasing detection sensitivity in applications such as mass spectrometry, performing collision-induced dissociation molecular structure analysis, and probing surfaces and samples using accelerated analyte.
摘要:
A novel system and methods for accelerating analytes including, without limitation, molecular ions, biomolecules, polymers, nano- and microparticles, is provided. The invention can be useful for increasing detection sensitivity in applications such as mass spectrometry, performing collision-induced dissociation molecular structure analysis, and probing surfaces and samples using accelerated analyte.
摘要:
An angled dual-polarity mass spectrometer includes a dual-polarity ion generator, a first mass analyzer, and a second mass analyzer. The dual-polarity ion generator includes an ion source to generate positive ions and negative ions from a sample, and electrodes to generate electric fields for guiding the negative ions into a beam of negative ions and guiding the positive ions into a beam of positive ions. The first mass analyzer can analyze the negative ions, and the second mass analyzer can analyze the positive ions. The central axes of the first and the second mass analyzers are at an angle between 0 to 179 degrees.
摘要:
A dual-polarity mass spectrometer includes an ion source, a negative ion mass analyzer, and a positive ion mass analyzer to measure both the negative and positive ion spectra of a sample material simultaneously. The ion source includes a sample surface on which the sample material is positioned, the sample material providing positive ions and negative ions when excited by a laser beam or an energetic particle stream. A first extraction electrode is connected to a voltage higher than the sample surface to attract the negative ions from the sample electrode. A second extraction electrode is connected to a voltage lower than the sample surface to attract the positive ions from the sample electrode. The negative and positive ions are analyzed simultaneously by the negative ion mass analyzer and the positive ion mass analyzer, respectively.
摘要:
An angled dual-polarity mass spectrometer includes a dual-polarity ion generator, a first mass analyzer, and a second mass analyzer. The dual-polarity ion generator includes an ion source to generate positive ions and negative ions from a sample, and electrodes to generate electric fields for guiding the negative ions into a beam of negative ions and guiding the positive ions into a beam of positive ions. The first mass analyzer can analyze the negative ions, and the second mass analyzer can analyze the positive ions. The central axes of the first and the second mass analyzers are at an angle between 0 to 179 degrees.
摘要:
A dual-polarity mass spectrometer includes an ion source, a negative ion mass analyzer, and a positive ion mass analyzer to measure both the negative and positive ion spectra of a sample material simultaneously. The ion source includes a sample surface on which the sample material is positioned, the sample material providing positive ions and negative ions when excited by a laser beam or an energetic particle stream. A first extraction electrode is connected to a voltage higher than the sample surface to attract the negative ions from the sample electrode. A second extraction electrode is connected to a voltage lower than the sample surface to attract the positive ions from the sample electrode. The negative and positive ions are analyzed simultaneously by the negative ion mass analyzer and the positive ion mass analyzer, respectively.
摘要:
A particle detector for detecting a particle beam includes a negatively charged electrode plate having a first side facing the particle beam, a second side opposite to the first side, and a through-hole extending from the first side to the second side for receiving the particle beam. A detection device adjacent to the second side of the electrode plate detects signals corresponding to the particle beam approaching the through-hole.
摘要:
An adaptive pitch pulse enhancer and method, adaptive to a voicing measure of input speech, for modifying the adaptive codebook of a CELP search loop to enhance the pitch pulse structure of the adaptive codebook. The adaptive pitch pulse enhancer determines a voicing measure of an input signal, the voicing measure being voiced when the input signal includes voiced speech and the voicing measure being unvoiced when the input signal does not include voiced speech, modifies a total excitation vector produced by the CELP search loop in accordance with the voicing measure of the input signal, and updates the adaptive codebook of the CELP search loop by storing the modified total excitation vector in the adaptive codebook.