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公开(公告)号：US5808797A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-15
申请号：US638605
申请日：1996-04-26
CPC分类号： B81B3/001 , G02B26/0808 , G02B5/1828 , B81C2201/115
摘要： A modulator for modulating incident rays of light, the modulator having a plurality of equally spaced apart elements, each of which includes a light reflective planar surface. The elements are arranged parallel to each other with their light reflective surfaces parallel to each other. The modulator includes means for supporting elements in relation to one another and means for moving particular ones of the elements relative to others so that the moved elements transit between a first configuration wherein the modulator acts to reflect the incident rays of light as a plane mirror, and a second configuration wherein the modulator diffracts the light reflected therefrom. In operation, the light reflective surfaces of the elements remain parallel to each other in both the first and the second configurations. The perpendicular spacing between the reflective surfaces of respective elements is equal to m/4 times the wavelength of the incident rays of light, wherein m=an even whole number or zero when the elements are in the first configuration and m=an odd whole number when the elements are in the second configuration.
摘要翻译： 一种用于调制入射光线的调制器，该调制器具有多个等间隔开的元件，每个元件包括光反射平面。 元件彼此平行地布置，其光反射表面彼此平行。 调制器包括用于相对于彼此支撑元件的装置和用于相对于其它元件移动元件中的特定元件的装置，使得移动的元件在第一配置之间转换，其中调制器作用以将入射的光线反射为平面镜， 以及其中调制器衍射从其反射的光的第二配置。 在操作中，元件的光反射表面在第一和第二构造中保持彼此平行。 各个元件的反射表面之间的垂直间距等于入射光线的波长的m / 4倍，其中当元件处于第一配置时m =偶数或零，m =奇数整数 当元件处于第二配置时。
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2.发明授权Method of making a deformable grating apparatus for modulating a light beam and including means for obviating stiction between grating elements and underlying substrate 失效制造用于调制光束的可变形光栅装置的方法，并且包括用于消除光栅元件和下面的衬底之间的静电的装置
公开(公告)号：US5677783A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-14
申请号：US404139
申请日：1995-03-13
CPC分类号： B81B3/001 , G02B26/0808 , G02B5/1828 , B81C2201/115 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A modulator for modulating incident rays of light, the modulator comprising a plurality of equally spaced apart beam elements, each of which includes a light reflective planar surface. The elements are arranged parallel to each other with their light reflective surfaces parallel to each other. The modulator includes means for supporting the beam elements in relation to one another and means for moving the beam elements relative to one another so that the beams move between a first configuration wherein the modulator acts to reflect the incident rays of light as a plane mirror, and a second configuration wherein the modulator diffracts the incident rays of light as they are reflected therefrom. In operation, the light reflective surfaces of the beam elements remain parallel to each other in both the first and the second configurations and the perpendicular spacing between the reflective surfaces of adjacent beam elements is equal to m/4 times the wavelength of the incident rays of light, wherein m=an even whole number or zero when the beam elements are in the first configuration and m=an odd number when the beam elements are in the second configuration.
摘要翻译： 一种用于调制入射光线的调制器，所述调制器包括多个等间隔开的光束元件，每个光束元件包括光反射平面。 元件彼此平行地布置，其光反射表面彼此平行。 调制器包括用于相对于彼此支撑光束元件的装置和用于相对于彼此移动光束元件的装置，使得光束在第一配置之间移动，其中调制器作为反射作为平面镜的入射光线， 以及第二配置，其中调制器衍射入射的光线，因为它们被反射。 在操作中，光束元件的光反射表面在第一和第二构造中保持彼此平行，并且相邻光束元件的反射表面之间的垂直间隔等于入射光线的波长的m / 光，其中当波束元素处于第一配置时，m =偶数或零，并且当波束元处于第二配置时m =奇数。
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公开(公告)号：US5311360A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US876078
申请日：1992-04-28
CPC分类号： B81B3/001 , G02B26/0808 , G02B5/1828 , B81C2201/115 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A modulator for modulating an incident beam of light, the modulator comprising a plurality of equally spaced-apart elements, each of which includes a light-reflective planar surface. The elements are arranged parallel to each other with their light-reflective surfaces parallel to each other. The modulator includes means for supporting the elements in relation to one another and means for moving particular ones of the elements relative to others so that the moved elements transit between a first configuration wherein the modulator acts to reflect the incident beam of light as a plane mirror, and a second configuration wherein the modulator diffracts the light reflected therefrom. In operation the light-reflective surfaces of the elements remain parallel to each other in both the first and second configurations. The perpendicular spacing between the reflective surfaces of the respective elements is equal to m/4 .times. the wavelength of the incident beam of light, wherein m equals an even whole number or zero when the elements are in the first configuration and m equals an odd whole number when the elements are in the second configuration.
摘要翻译： 一种用于调制入射光束的调制器，所述调制器包括多个等间隔开的元件，每个元件包括光反射平面表面。 元件彼此平行配置，其光反射表面彼此平行。 调制器包括用于相对于彼此支撑元件的装置和用于相对于其它元件移动元件中的特定元件的装置，使得移动元件在第一配置之间转换，其中调制器作用以将入射光束反射为平面镜 以及其中调制器衍射从其反射的光的第二配置。 在操作中，元件的光反射表面在第一和第二构造中保持彼此平行。 各个元件的反射表面之间的垂直间距等于入射光束的波长m / 4x，其中当元件处于第一配置时，m等于偶数整数或零，并且m等于奇数整数 当元素处于第二配置时的数字。
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4.发明授权Deformable grating apparatus for modulating a light beam and including means for obviating stiction between grating elements and underlying substrate 失效用于调制光束的可变形光栅装置，并且包括用于消除光栅元件和下面基板之间的静摩擦的装置
公开(公告)号：US5459610A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-17
申请号：US62688
申请日：1993-05-20
CPC分类号： B81B3/001 , G02B26/0808 , G02B5/1828 , B81C2201/115 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A modulator for modulating incident rays of light, the modulator comprising a plurality of equally spaced apart beam elements, each of which includes a light reflective planar surface. The elements are arranged parallel to each other with their light reflective surfaces parallel to each other. The modulator includes means for supporting the beam elements in relation to one another and means for moving the beam elements relative to one another so that the beams move between a first configuration wherein the modulator acts to reflect the incident rays of light as a plane mirror, and a second configuration wherein the modulator diffracts the incident rays of light as they are reflected therefrom. At least one of the facing surfaces of the beam elements and underlying substrate is configured to reduce any tendency to stick as they are pulled together. In operation, the light reflective surfaces of the beam elements remain parallel to each other in both the first and the second configurations and the perpendicular spacing between the reflective surfaces of adjacent beam elements is equal to m/4 times the wavelength of the incident rays of light, wherein m=an even whole number or zero when the beam elements are in the first configuration and m=an odd number when the beam elements are in the second configuration.
摘要翻译： 一种用于调制入射光线的调制器，所述调制器包括多个等间隔开的光束元件，每个光束元件包括光反射平面。 元件彼此平行地布置，其光反射表面彼此平行。 调制器包括用于相对于彼此支撑光束元件的装置和用于相对于彼此移动光束元件的装置，使得光束在第一配置之间移动，其中调制器作为反射作为平面镜的入射光线， 以及第二配置，其中调制器衍射入射的光线，因为它们被反射。 梁元件和下面的基底的至少一个相对表面被配置成减少当它们被拉在一起时粘合的任何倾向。 在操作中，光束元件的光反射表面在第一和第二构造中保持彼此平行，并且相邻光束元件的反射表面之间的垂直间隔等于入射光线的波长的m / 光，其中当波束元素处于第一配置时，m =偶数或零，并且当波束元处于第二配置时m =奇数。
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公开(公告)号：US09329308B2
公开(公告)日：2016-05-03
申请号：US13317768
申请日：2011-10-26
申请人： Olav Solgaard , Reinhold Dauskardt , Nina Vaidya
发明人： Olav Solgaard , Reinhold Dauskardt , Nina Vaidya
CPC分类号： G02B3/0087 , G02B19/00 , G02B19/0042 , G02B19/0047 , G02B19/0076 , G02B19/0085 , G02B19/009 , G02B19/0095
摘要： An Axially Graded Index LEns (AGILE) is provided. Such optical elements can provide optical concentration in excess of the free-space brightness theorem limit, because of the increased refractive index at the output of the concentrator compared to the input. Optical contact (i.e., no intervening low index material) between the AGILE and the absorbing element (or an optical source) can be employed to ensure no loss of brightness at the interface between the AGILE and the absorbing element (or source). Although solar cell concentration is a significant application of this technology, there are various other applications, such as increasing the efficiency of optical emission, and providing transmissive optical windows that include optically cloaked regions.
摘要翻译： 提供了轴向分级索引LEns（AGILE）。 由于与输入相比，聚光器的输出处的折射率增加，所以这种光学元件可以提供超过自由空间亮度定理极限的光学浓度。 可以使用AGILE和吸收元件（或光源）之间的光学接触（即，没有中间的低折射率材料），以确保AGILE和吸收元件（或源）之间的界面处的亮度不会损失。 尽管太阳能电池集中是该技术的重要应用，但是存在各种其他应用，例如提高光发射的效率，并且提供包括光学掩蔽区域的透射光学窗口。
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公开(公告)号：US08505544B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-13
申请号：US11444286
申请日：2006-05-31
申请人： Xiaojing Zhang , Olav Solgaard
发明人： Xiaojing Zhang , Olav Solgaard
IPC分类号： A61M5/20
摘要： According to an example embodiment of the present invention, a vibration-actuated microsurgical system includes an optical force detection arrangement having an optical encoding device configured to modulate an intensity of light in response to a displacement of a portion of the microsurgical system. Light sensing circuitry is configured to detect a force applied to the microsurgical system (e.g., and thereby to a sample) based on the intensity of light sensed from the optical encoding device. This detected force is used in controlling the application of the microsurgical system.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明的示例性实施例，振动致动的显微外科系统包括具有光学编码装置的光学力检测装置，所述光学编码装置被配置为响应于显微外科系统的一部分的位移来调制光的强度。 光感测电路被配置为基于从光学编码装置感测的光的强度来检测施加到显微外科系统（例如并且由此到样本）的力。 该检测力用于控制显微外科系统的应用。
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20130022307A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-24
申请号：US13554995
申请日：2012-07-20
申请人： Onur Kilic , Michel J.F. Digonnet , Gordon S. Kino , Olav Solgaard , Shrestha Basu Mallick , Onur Can Akkaya
发明人： Onur Kilic , Michel J.F. Digonnet , Gordon S. Kino , Olav Solgaard , Shrestha Basu Mallick , Onur Can Akkaya
摘要： An optical structure includes an optical waveguide and at least one photonic crystal structure. The optical structure also includes a structural portion mechanically coupled to the optical waveguide and the at least one photonic crystal structure such that a region substantially bounded by the structural portion, the optical waveguide, and the at least one photonic crystal structure has a specified volume.
摘要翻译： 光学结构包括光波导和至少一个光子晶体结构。 光学结构还包括机械耦合到光波导和至少一个光子晶体结构的结构部分，使得基本上由结构部分，光波导和至少一个光子晶体结构限定的区域具有指定的体积。
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公开(公告)号：US20120186353A1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-26
申请号：US13356432
申请日：2012-01-23
IPC分类号： G01H9/00
摘要： An acoustic sensor includes at least one photonic crystal structure and an optical fiber in optical communication with the at least one photonic crystal structure. The at least one photonic crystal structure has at least one optical resonance with a resonance frequency and a resonance lineshape, wherein at least one of the resonance frequency and the resonance lineshape is responsive to acoustic waves incident upon the acoustic sensor. The acoustic sensor further includes an optical fiber in optical communication with the at least one photonic crystal structure. The optical fiber is configured to transmit light which impinges the at least one photonic crystal structure and to receive at least a portion of the light which impinges the at least one photonic crystal structure.
摘要翻译： 声学传感器包括至少一个光子晶体结构和与所述至少一个光子晶体结构光学通信的光纤。 至少一个光子晶体结构具有至少一个具有谐振频率和谐振线形的光学谐振，其中谐振频率和谐振线形形状中的至少一个对入射到声学传感器上的声波作出响应。 声学传感器还包括与至少一个光子晶体结构光学通信的光纤。 光纤被配置为透射照射至少一个光子晶体结构的光并且接收照射至少一个光子晶体结构的光的至少一部分。
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公开(公告)号：US20120002913A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-05
申请号：US13256355
申请日：2010-03-24
IPC分类号： G02B6/122
CPC分类号： G01N21/7703 , B82Y20/00 , G01N21/39 , G01N21/7746 , G01N2021/7773 , G02B6/1225 , G02B6/136
摘要： This invention relates to an optical sensor element comprising a photonic crystal constituted by a membrane of a chosen transparent material, the membrane being provided with a number of defined openings in a chosen pattern, the pattern being adapted to provide resonance at a chosen wavelength or range of wavelengths, wherein said openings are provided with a reactive material acting as a receptor for a chosen type of molecules, e.g. proteins, the presence of which alters the resonance and/or scattering conditions in the sensor element thus altering the amount of light propagating out of the membrane plane.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种光学传感器元件，其包括由所选择的透明材料的膜构成的光子晶体，所述膜以选定的图案设置有多个限定的开口，所述图案适于在选定的波长或范围内提供谐振 的波长，其中所述开口设置有用作所选类型分子的受体的反应性材料，例如 蛋白质，其存在改变传感器元件中的共振和/或散射条件，从而改变从膜平面传播的光的量。
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10.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20110041616A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-24
申请号：US12874104
申请日：2010-09-01
IPC分类号： G01H9/00
摘要： An acoustic sensor includes at least one structure including at least one photonic crystal slab and an optical fiber optically coupled to the at least one photonic crystal slab, and having at least one optical resonance with a resonance frequency and a resonance lineshape. The acoustic sensor further includes a housing mechanically coupled to the at least one structure. At least one of the resonance frequency and the resonance lineshape is responsive to acoustic waves incident upon the housing.
摘要翻译： 声学传感器包括至少一个结构，其包括至少一个光子晶体板和光学耦合到所述至少一个光子晶体板的光纤，并且具有至少一个具有谐振频率和谐振线形的光学谐振。 声学传感器还包括机械地联接到所述至少一个结构的壳体。 谐振频率和谐振线形形状中的至少一个响应于入射到壳体上的声波。
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