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公开(公告)号：US4773919A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-27
申请号：US62255
申请日：1987-06-15
申请人： Dieter Sauter , Udo Zentner
发明人： Dieter Sauter , Udo Zentner
CPC分类号： C10L5/12 , C10J3/02 , C10J3/30 , C10J3/78 , C10L5/04 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0969 , C10J2300/0976
摘要： Gasification is performed under pressures in the range from 5 bars to 150 bars with oxygen, steam and/or carbon dioxide as gasifying agents. Pellets are fed to the top of a fixed bed in the gasification reactor. The gasifying agents are introduced into the fixed bed from below. Mineral constituents are withdrawn as solid ash or liquid slag from the lower end of the fixed bed. The pellets are made from fine-grained hard coal which has a particle size below 1 mm and contains 3 to 10 wt. % of fines having particle sizes not in excess of 2 micrometers and 70 to 80 wt. % of particles not in excess of a fraction not in excess of 63 micrometers. The fine-grained hard coal is mixed with bentonite to obtain a mixture which contains 1 to 8 wt. % bentonite. With an addition of water, the mixture is shaped to form pellets which contain 15 to 25 wt. % water. The pellets are fed in an undried, moist, plastically deformable state to the top of the fixed bed.
摘要翻译： 用氧气，蒸汽和/或二氧化碳作为气化剂，在5巴到150巴的压力下进行气化。 将颗粒送入气化反应器中固定床的顶部。 气化剂从下方引入固定床。 矿物成分从固定床的下端作为固体灰分或液体渣排出。 颗粒由粒度小于1mm的细粒硬煤制成，含有3-10wt。 ％的细粒度不超过2微米，70至80重量％ ％的颗粒不超过不超过63微米的部分。 将细粒硬煤与膨润土混合，得到含有1〜8重量％ ％膨润土。 加入水，混合物成形，形成含有15〜25wt。 ％ 水。 颗粒以未干燥，潮湿，塑性可变形的状态进料到固定床的顶部。
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公开(公告)号：US5584970A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-17
申请号：US400167
申请日：1995-03-07
申请人： Jorg Schmalfeld , Hans J. Eichwald , Udo Zentner
发明人： Jorg Schmalfeld , Hans J. Eichwald , Udo Zentner
CPC分类号： C10B53/02 , Y02E50/14 , Y02P20/145
摘要： The biomass, particularly lump wood, is supplied to a shaft reactor at its top and is initially preheated to temperatures of about 150.degree. to 280.degree. C. and dried by a counterflowing hot gas. This is followed by a treatment in an underlying carbonizing zone, the upper portion of which is supplied with hot purging gas at a temperature of 250.degree. to 600.degree. C. The hot purging gas flows downwardly through the carbonizing zone co-currently with the wood. A gas mixture which contains purging gas and gas produced by carbonization is withdrawn from the lower portion of the carbonizing zone and is at least in part combusted outside the shaft reactor to produce a combustion gas, which is used at least in part as hot purging gas.
摘要翻译： 生物质，特别是块状木材，在其顶部被供应到竖井反应器，并且最初被预热至约150℃至280℃的温度，并通过逆流热气体干燥。 然后在下面的碳化区进行处理，其上部在250℃至600℃的温度下供应热吹扫气体。热的吹扫气体向下流过与木材共同的碳化区域 。 包含吹扫气体和通过碳化产生的气体的气体混合物从碳化区的下部排出，并且至少部分地在轴反应器外部燃烧以产生燃烧气体，其至少部分地用作热吹扫气体 。
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3.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20060138030A1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-29
申请号：US10539715
申请日：2003-07-09
申请人： Hans-Jurgen Weiss , Udo Zentner , Helmut Heurich
发明人： Hans-Jurgen Weiss , Udo Zentner , Helmut Heurich
IPC分类号： C10G7/00
CPC分类号： C10G9/28 , C10G70/043 , C10G2300/107 , C10G2300/1077 , C10G2300/301 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/06
摘要： The invention relates to a method for a high temperature short-time distillation of residual oil. The method according to the invention is characterized by a technically simple recovery of a small residual fraction from a gas and/or oil vapour mixture produced by a mixing apparatus (1). Said small residual fraction contains large quantities of undesirable polluting catalytic substances (CCR, Ni, V, asphaltenes). For this purpose, the gas and/or oil vapour mixture produced by the mixing apparatus (1) is diluted with gas or water vapour in a column (17) at a temperature of 450° C. in such a way that a high boiling fraction, which has a high content of the pollutant substances and whose initial boiling point is higher than 450° C., is condensed and extracted. Another realization of the method consists in introducing a non condensed oil produced in the column (17) into a fractionating column (19), where said oil is decomposed in order to produce a depressurized gas oil fraction having a low content of pollutants and a benzine/gas oil fraction.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种高温短时蒸馏残油的方法。 根据本发明的方法的特征在于从混合装置（1）产生的气体和/或油蒸汽混合物中技术上简单地回收少量的残余馏分。 所述小残留馏分含有大量不期望的污染催化物质（CCR，Ni，V，沥青质）。 为此，将混合装置（1）产生的气体和/或油蒸汽混合物在塔（17）中在450℃的温度下用气体或水蒸气稀释，使得高沸点馏分 ，其具有高含量的污染物质，其初沸点高于450℃，被浓缩萃取。 该方法的另一个实现在于将塔（17）中产生的非冷凝油引入分馏塔（19）中，其中所述油分解以产生具有低污染物含量的减压瓦斯油馏分和汽油 /瓦斯油馏分。
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4.发明授权Process for deasphalting residua by reactive recycle of high boiling material 有权通过高沸点材料的反应性循环脱沥青残渣的工艺公开(公告)号：US06652739B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-25
申请号：US10283387
申请日：2002-10-29
申请人： Mitchell Jacobson , Willibald Serrand , Norman H. Sweed , Hans J. M. Weiss , Ingo W. Dreher , Udo Zentner , Jorg H. Schmalfeld
发明人： Mitchell Jacobson , Willibald Serrand , Norman H. Sweed , Hans J. M. Weiss , Ingo W. Dreher , Udo Zentner , Jorg H. Schmalfeld
IPC分类号： C10C302
摘要： An improved process for deasphalting a residua feedstock by use of a short vapor residence time process unit comprised of a horizontal moving bed of fluidized and/or stirred hot particles. The vapor phase product stream from said process unit is passed to a soaker drum where a high boiling fraction is separated and recycled to the process unit after undergoing reactions causing molecular weight growth. This reactive recycle using the soaker drum results in substantially improved qualities of the liquid products compared with what is achieved by once-through residua deasphalting process alternatives.
摘要翻译： 一种通过使用由流化和/或搅拌的热颗粒的水平移动床组成的短蒸气停留时间处理单元来使残油原料脱沥青的改进方法。 将来自所述处理单元的气相产物流送入鼓泡鼓，其中高沸点馏分被分离，并在经历引起分子量生长的反应之后再循环至处理单元。 与通过一次通过的残渣脱沥青工艺替代物实现的相比，使用该烘缸的这种反应性循环导致液体产品的质量显着提高。
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公开(公告)号：US20060181959A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-17
申请号：US10556648
申请日：2004-04-05
IPC分类号： B01F7/04
CPC分类号： B01F7/042
摘要： The aim of the invention is to improve an existing mixing device in such a manner that for a predetermined reactor length, retention time is increased and the material which is to be processed is transported at essentially the same speed irrespective of the radial distance thereof from the rotational axis. As a result, at least one row of blades is arranged on each shaft and each row of blades comprises at least two individual blades and the blades are fixed to the shaft at an incidence angle α in relation to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. The blades are curved in themselves, such that the blades form an angle of incidence α at the fixing point on the shaft and an angle of incidence β on the outer diameter DA. By virtue of the fact that a row of individual blades is used instead of a continuous screw, efficient mixing of charging material and coke can be achieved, the angle of incidence is reduced from the inside to the outside and the axial speed of the particles which are to be mixed is evened out on the total cross section of the reactor, thereby enabling a stop-type flow to be obtained.
摘要翻译： 本发明的目的是改进现有的混合装置，使得对于预定的反应器长度，保持时间增加，待加工的材料以基本上相同的速度运输，而与其距离 旋转轴。 结果，至少一排叶片布置在每个轴上，并且每排叶片包括至少两个单独的叶片，并且叶片以相对于轴的纵向轴线的入射角α固定到轴。 叶片本身弯曲，使得叶片在轴上的固定点处形成入射角α，并在外径D A上形成入射角β。 由于使用一排独立的叶片代替连续螺杆，可以实现充电材料和焦炭的有效混合，入射角从内向外减小，颗粒的轴向速度降低 在反应器的总横截面上均匀混合，从而能够获得停止流。
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公开(公告)号：US06841064B1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-11
申请号：US10148826
申请日：2000-11-16
申请人： Hans-Jürgen Weiss , Ingo Dreher , Udo Zentner
发明人： Hans-Jürgen Weiss , Ingo Dreher , Udo Zentner
摘要： Residual oil from the processing of crude oil, natural bitumen or oil sand is mixed in a mixer with granular, hot coke as heat carrier (heat carrier coke) in a weight ratio of 1:3 to 1:30, where on the granules of the heat carrier coke there is first of all formed a liquid residue film which partly evaporates in the mixer. Gases and vapors and moist, sticky coke are withdrawn from the mixer. The mixture of coke and residual oil is introduced into a subsequently connected stirred tank in which the mixture slowly moves downwards while being stirred mechanically at a temperature of 450 to 600° C. and preferably at 480 to 550° C. Dry, flowable coke is withdrawn from the stirred tank. Usually, the dwell time of the heat carrier coke in the stirred tank is 1 to 30 minutes.
摘要翻译： 来自加工原油，天然沥青或油砂的残余油在混合器中与作为热载体（热载体焦炭）的颗粒状焦炭（重量比为1:3至1:30）混合，其中颗粒状 首先，热载体焦炭形成了在混合器中部分蒸发的液体残余物膜。 将气体和蒸气和潮湿的粘稠焦炭从混合器中取出。 将焦炭和残余油的混合物引入随后连接的搅拌釜中，其中混合物在450-600℃，优选480-550℃的温度下机械搅拌的同时慢慢地向下移动。干燥的可流动的焦炭为 从搅拌罐中取出。 通常，搅拌釜中的载体焦炭的停留时间为1〜30分钟。
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公开(公告)号：US07507330B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-24
申请号：US10539715
申请日：2003-07-09
申请人： Hans-Jurgen Weiss , Udo Zentner , Helmut Heurich
发明人： Hans-Jurgen Weiss , Udo Zentner , Helmut Heurich
IPC分类号： B01D3/06
CPC分类号： C10G9/28 , C10G70/043 , C10G2300/107 , C10G2300/1077 , C10G2300/301 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/06
摘要： The invention relates to a method for a high temperature short-time distillation of residual oil. The method according to the invention is characterized by a technically simple recovery of a small residual fraction from a gas and/or oil vapour mixture produced by a mixing apparatus (1). Said small residual fraction contains large quantities of undesirable polluting catalytic substances (CCR, Ni, V, asphaltenes). For this purpose, the gas and/or oil vapour mixture produced by the mixing apparatus (1) is diluted with gas or water vapour in a column (17) at a temperature of 450° C. in such a way that a high boiling fraction, which has a high content of the pollutant substances and whose initial boiling point is higher than 450° C., is condensed and extracted. Another realization of the method consists in introducing a non condensed oil produced in the column (17) into a fractionating column (19), where said oil is decomposed in order to produce a depressurized gas oil fraction having a low content of pollutants and a benzine/gas oil fraction.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种高温短时蒸馏残油的方法。 根据本发明的方法的特征在于从混合装置（1）产生的气体和/或油蒸汽混合物中技术上简单地回收少量的残余馏分。 所述小残留馏分含有大量不期望的污染催化物质（CCR，Ni，V，沥青质）。 为此，将混合装置（1）产生的气体和/或油蒸汽混合物在塔（17）中在450℃的温度下用气体或水蒸气稀释，使得高沸点馏分 ，其具有高含量的污染物质，其初沸点高于450℃，被浓缩萃取。 该方法的另一个实现在于将塔（17）中产生的非冷凝油引入分馏塔（19）中，其中所述油分解以产生具有低污染物含量的减压瓦斯油馏分和汽油 /瓦斯油馏分。
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公开(公告)号：US06469203B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-22
申请号：US09787088
申请日：2001-06-21
申请人： Hans-Jürgen Weiss , Jörg Schmalfeld , Udo Zentner , Tobias Groschang , Udo Gropp , Werner Fuss , Ralf Goedecke , Egbert Schöla
发明人： Hans-Jürgen Weiss , Jörg Schmalfeld , Udo Zentner , Tobias Groschang , Udo Gropp , Werner Fuss , Ralf Goedecke , Egbert Schöla
IPC分类号： C07C6700
CPC分类号： C07C67/333 , C07C69/54
摘要： The present invention relates to a process of recovering monomeric esters of substituted or unsubstituted acrylic acid from polymer material having corresponding structural units by depolymerization by means of a fine-grained heat-transfer medium which is maintained above the depolymerization temperature of the polymer material. In a reactor, the polymer material is brought in contact with hot, mechanically fluidized heat-transfer medium. The resulting vapors are withdrawn and condensed, where the hot heat-transfer medium is continuously supplied at one end of the reactor, and cooled heat-transfer medium is discharged at the other end.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过采用保持在聚合物材料的解聚温度以上的细粒度传热介质进行解聚而从具有相应结构单元的聚合物材料中回收取代或未取代的丙烯酸的单体酯的方法。 在反应器中，聚合物材料与热的机械流化的热传递介质接触。 所得到的蒸气被抽出和冷凝，其中热传递介质在反应器的一端连续供应，并且冷却的传热介质在另一端排出。
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公开(公告)号：US07677788B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-16
申请号：US10556648
申请日：2004-04-05
IPC分类号： B01F7/08
CPC分类号： B01F7/042
摘要： The aim of the invention is to improve an existing mixing device in such a manner that for a predetermined reactor length, retention time is increased and the material which is to be processed is transported at essentially the same speed irrespective of the radial distance thereof from the rotational axis. As a result, at least one row of blades is arranged on each shaft and each row of blades comprises at least two individual blades and the blades are fixed to the shaft at an incidence angle α in relation to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. The blades are curved in themselves, such that the blades form an angle of incidence α at the fixing point on the shaft and an angle of incidence β on the outer diameter DA. By virtue of the fact that a row of individual blades is used instead of a continuous screw, efficient mixing of charging material and coke can be achieved, the angle of incidence is reduced from the inside to the outside and the axial speed of the particles which are to be mixed is evened out on the total cross section of the reactor, thereby enabling a stop-type flow to be obtained.
摘要翻译： 本发明的目的是改进现有的混合装置，使得对于预定的反应器长度，保持时间增加，待加工的材料以基本上相同的速度运输，而与其距离 旋转轴。 结果，在每个轴上布置至少一排叶片，并且每排叶片包括至少两个单独的叶片，并且叶片以相对于轴的纵向轴线的入射角α固定到轴。 叶片本身弯曲，使得叶片在轴上的固定点处形成入射角α并且具有入射角＆bgr; 在外径DA上。 由于使用一排独立的叶片代替连续螺杆，可以实现充电材料和焦炭的有效混合，入射角从内向外减小，颗粒的轴向速度降低 在反应器的总横截面上均匀混合，从而能够获得停止流。
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公开(公告)号：US06413415B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-02
申请号：US09445163
申请日：2000-01-03
IPC分类号： B01D306
摘要： High temperature flash distillation, for treating residual oils originating from crude oil refining, natural bitumen and/or tar sands, comprises feeding the oil to a mixer with granular hot coke, which serves as a thermal transfer medium. In mixing, 60-90% of the oil is vaporized. The non-vaporized fraction includes metal-containing asphaltenes. This fraction is further converted in the mixer, to oil vapor, gas and coke. Gases and vapor are withdrawn from the mixer, separately from the coke. The vapor phase is cooled and condensed to produce product oil. The gas itself is a further product. The coke is reheated and recycled to the mixer as the thermal transfer medium.
摘要翻译： 用于处理源自原油精炼，天然沥青和/或焦油砂的残油的高温闪蒸，包括将油加入到用作热转印介质的颗粒热焦炭的混合器中。 混合时，60-90％的油蒸发。 非汽化部分包括含金属的沥青质。 该馏分在混合器中进一步转化成油蒸汽，气体和焦炭。 从焦炭中分离出混合器中的气体和蒸气。 将气相冷却并冷凝以产生产物油。 气体本身是另一种产品。 将焦炭再加热并再循环至作为热转印介质的混合器。
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