摘要:
A sensor for measuring the mixture ratio of liquids, particularly of fuel mixtures, comprises a measuring cell, which has a cavity with one inlet and one outlet. The liquid is directed through the cavity, whereby regions of the inner wall of the cavity are electrically conductive and, together with at least one additional electrically conductive surface, form a capacitor, which is a component of an evaluation circuit. The measuring cell is manufactured from at least two ceramic carriers, which are connected by way of at least one connection layer to form a layer arrangement. The cavity is produced between the ceramic carriers as the result of the lack of at least one connection layer in certain regions. In each case, at least one electrode is applied, in the vicinity of the cavity, to the ceramic carrier delimiting the cavity using thick-film technology.
摘要:
In an acceleration pick-up (11), the bending spring (13) is a substrate plate, e.g. produced from Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, which is arranged at one side on an elevated portion (12) of a support (10) produced from mechanically rigid material. Accordingly, the resistors (19 to 22) and particularly the evaluating circuit (24) on an elevated portion (12) of the support (10) can be arranged jointly on the bending spring (13) and applied in a single work step using thick-film technology. In addition, a cut out portion (14) is formed in the bending spring (13), so that two bending webs (15, 16) can be formed at the greatest possible distance from one another. Two of the resistors (19, 21) are arranged on the bending webs (15, 16) and one of the remaining resistors (20, 22) is arranged in the area of the cut out portion (14). Accordingly, an electrical monitoring of the mechanical state of the bending spring (13) is made possible.
摘要:
An acceleration pickup for releasing occupant protecting devices in power vehicles has a housing, a ceramic plate which acts as a bending spring and is clamped at its one end in the housing, and expansion-sensitive resistances arranged in the ceramic plate. The housing is composed of several layers of ceramic structural parts and is produced by a thick film technique.
摘要:
A sensor for the monitoring of an NOx catalyst having a storage material for the adsorption of NOx, the storage material forming the sensitive element of the sensor. As a result, it is possible to measure the instantaneous degree of charging of the storage material, and a quasi-linear control for the storage of NOx is made possible. The ability to precisely monitor the degree of charging of the storage material makes it possible to better utilize the storage capacity, and the catalyst can be dimensioned in a more cost-effective manner. The conversion phase of the rich side can be predicted more precisely and consequently be integrated more favorably into the driving cycle. The sensor for the monitoring of an NOx catalyst is especially suitable for installation in the exhaust path of an internal combustion engine with direct gasoline injection or of a diesel engine.
摘要:
To adhere a semiconductor chip or wafer substrate (10) to a carrier plate substrate (11) of, for example, ceramic, glass or the like, in which the two substrates carry exposed connection pads (13, 16), at least one of the substrates is coated with an adhesive electrically insulating, normally tacky material, which is exposed, by photo-masking technology, in all areas except those where the pads are located, to cure the material. Metallic powder, typically silver, is then introduced into the remaining tacky portions of the layer, to render it conductive, and the two substrates are then pressed against each other, with the pads in alignment, the metal powder within the tacky insulating material forming an electrical connection between said pads. The insulating layer can be applied either to the semiconductor chip or wafer substrate or to the carrier plate substrate, or to both. Electrical connecting lines to the pads, on the surface of one of the substrates, are covered by the then cured electrical insulating layer. Preferably, the surface, and the connecting lines thereon, if used, are passivated before application of the adhesive layer which, then, is cured, except in the location of the pads.
摘要:
A multiple-plate hybrid device with integrated heat dissipation for thick-film hybrid substrates containing hybrid circuits in which the thick-film hybrid substrates are inserted in metal frames of a metal housing and at least partially coupled with portions of the metal frames for dissipating the occurring heat.
摘要:
A centrifuge (10) suitable for separating soot from an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine; the centrifuge being disposed between, and arranged coaxially in relation to, a raw gas inlet pipe (11) and a clean gas outlet pipe (12); the centrifuge including a rotating body (20) which is open on both axial end faces, drive vanes (26) arranged adjacent the inlet for driving the centrifuge, and at least one device (29) provided inside said rotating body for reversing or deflecting the exhaust gas flow direction.
摘要:
A method for a parallel manufacturing of a plurality of piezoelectric actuators and a corresponding piezoelectric actuator utilize a plurality of thin foils composed of an unfired piezoelectric ceramic material which are stacked one over another. On surface of foils, an electrode is provided for each actuator. For contacting electrodes, first and second connecting openings are provided. Electrodes have cut-outs which surround either first or second connecting openings. An electrically conductive paste is introduced into connecting openings. The stacked arrangement is fired and split up into the individual actuators. As internal electrodes, the electrodes are insulated from the surroundings.
摘要:
An acceleration detector, the spring is a substrate plate, e.g., of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, which is fixed at one end in a housing. The resistors and the evaluating circuit are arranged on the spiral spring and can be applied to the substrate plate in a single work step using thick-film technology.
摘要翻译:加速度检测器,弹簧是例如Al 2 O 3的基板,其一端固定在壳体中。 电阻器和评估电路布置在螺旋弹簧上,并且可以使用厚膜技术在单个工作步骤中施加到基板。
摘要:
An apparatus for purification of air comprising comprises a housing having inlet openings for supplying the air to be cleaned and outlet openings for discharging the cleaned air, a filter system disposed in the housing, and a fan arranged to draw air through the housing and filter system. The filter system includes at least one tubular or bag-shaped fleece filter which is arranged on top of a carrier structure and at least one secondary filter element which has a filter fineness which is smaller than the filter fineness of the fleece filter. The entire apparatus is arranged either stationarily or moveably in regions of greater to lesser dust concentration. The cleaned air is conveyed to the region with the higher local dust concentration and thereby significantly decreases the local dust concentration.