公开(公告)号：US20100060208A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-11

申请号：US12550526

申请日：2009-08-31

Applicant: Donald A. Swenson

Inventor： Donald A. Swenson

IPC: H05H9/00

CPC classification number: H05H7/22 ,  H05H7/02

Abstract: A linac system having at least two linac structures configured to operate with a resonant coupler. The linac structures and the resonant coupler resonate at the same frequency, are in close proximity, and designed for a relative phase of 0° or 180°. The coupling between the resonant coupler and the linac structures is achieved by slots between the linac structures and the resonant coupler, which allow the magnetic fields of the linac structures to interact with the magnetic field of the resonant coupler. The relative size of the slots determines the relative amplitude of the fields in the linac structures. There are three modes of oscillation, a 0 mode, wherein the linac structures and the resonant coupler are excited in phase, a π/2 mode, wherein the linac structures are excited out of phase and the resonant coupler is nominally unexcited, and the π mode, wherein the linac structures and the resonator coupler are excited out of phase.

Abstract translation: 具有配置成与谐振耦合器一起操作的至少两个直线加速器结构的直线加速器系统。 直线加速器结构和谐振耦合器以相同的频率谐振，处于非常接近的位置，并设计为0°或180°的相对相位。 谐振耦合器和线性加速器结构之间的耦合通过直线加速器结构和谐振耦合器之间的槽来实现，这允许直线加速器结构的磁场与谐振耦合器的磁场相互作用。 槽的相对尺寸决定了直线加速器结构中的场的相对幅度。 存在三种振荡模式，0模式，其中直线加速器结构和谐振耦合器被相位激励，其中直线加速器结构被异相激励，并且共振耦合器名义上是未激活的，并且 ＆pgr 模式，其中直线加速器结构和谐振器耦合器被异相激励。

公开(公告)号：US5631461A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-20

申请号：US64801

申请日：1987-06-19

Applicant: Donald A. Swenson

Inventor： Donald A. Swenson

IPC: G01T1/29 ,  H05H1/00 ,  H01S1/00 ,  G01K1/08 ,  G01N27/00

CPC classification number: G01T1/29 ,  H05H1/0006

Abstract: A source wire is in the path of a neutral particle beam formed from positively and negatively charged particles (ions) and neutral particles (atoms). The source wire strips electrons from the negatively charged particles to neutralize these particles and strips electrons from the neutral particles to create positively charged particles. A magnetic field is perpendicular to the path of the particle movement. A detector wire downstream from the source wire detects the total particle flux. A magnetic field is perpendicular to the path of the particle movement. A variation, preferably cyclical, may be provided in at least one of (a) the characteristics of the magnetic field and (b) the positioning of the detector wire relative to the source wire in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field and the particle movement. The resultant signal produced on the detector wire by the combined action of such magnetic field and/or detector wire movement is processed to indicate the characteristics, including direction, divergence and scattering of the neutral particle beam in a first direction. Second source and detector wires disposed in a direction respectively perpendicular to the first source and detector wires may be subjected to a second magnetic field perpendicular to the first magnetic field and to the particle path to determine the characteristics, including direction and divergence and scattering of the neutral particle beam in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. A grid of source and detector wires may also be disposed in the first and second directions to enhance the indications of the characteristics, including direction, divergence and scattering, of the neutral particle beam in the first and second directions.

Abstract translation: 源极线处于由带负电的粒子（离子）和中性粒子（原子）形成的中性粒子束的路径中。 源极线从带负电荷的微粒中去除电子以中和这些颗粒并从中性粒子中剥离电子以产生带正电荷的微粒。 磁场垂直于颗粒运动的路径。 源极线下游的探测器线检测到总颗粒通量。 磁场垂直于颗粒运动的路径。 可以以（a）磁场的特性和（b）检测器线相对于源极线在垂直于磁场和颗粒运动的方向上的定位中的至少一个来提供优选循环的变化 。 通过这种磁场和/或检测器线移动的组合作用在检测器线上产生的结果信号被处理以指示包括中性粒子束在第一方向上的方向，发散和散射的特性。 沿垂直于第一源和检测器线的方向设置的第二源极和检测器线可以经受垂直于第一磁场和粒子路径的第二磁场，以确定特性，包括方向和发散和散射 中性粒子束在垂直于第一方向的第二方向上。 源极和检测器线的栅格也可以在第一和第二方向上布置，以增强中性粒子束在第一和第二方向上的特征的指示，包括方向，发散和散射。

公开(公告)号：US5113141A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-12

申请号：US554797

申请日：1990-07-18

Applicant: Donald A. Swenson

Inventor： Donald A. Swenson

IPC: H01J23/083 ,  H05H7/18 ,  H05H9/00

CPC classification number: H05H9/00 ,  H01J23/083 ,  H05H7/18

Abstract: A new RFQ linac structure extends the useful range of beam velocity by a factor of 2 to 4 and beam energy by a factor of 4 to 16. Four-finger electrodes extend into each accelerating cell and provide quadrupole focusing of beam particles along a beam axis. The finger electrodes of adjacent cells also provide quadrupole acceleration of the beam particles along the beam axis. The finger of adjacent cells are oriented in accordance with a prescribed pattern. The pattern orientation of the fingers provides an additional degree of freedom that allows the periodcity of the focal structure to be independent of the periodicity of the accelerating structure. This makes it possible to double the rf frequency periodically to enhance the acceleration rate while holding the focusing strength constant.

Abstract translation: 新的RFQ直线加速器结构将光束速度的有用范围扩大了2至4倍，光束能量增加了4至16倍。四指电极延伸到每个加速电池中，并提供沿着光束轴的光束粒子的四极聚焦 。 相邻电池的指状电极还提供沿着光束轴的光束粒子的四极加速度。 相邻单元的手指根据规定的图案取向。 手指的图案取向提供了额外的自由度，其允许焦点结构的周期性与加速结构的周期性无关。 这使得可以周期性地加倍rf频率，以在保持聚焦强度恒定的同时增强加速度。

公开(公告)号：US20100067640A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-18

申请号：US12556169

申请日：2009-09-09

Applicant: Carl A. Willis ,  Donald A. Swenson

Inventor： Carl A. Willis ,  Donald A. Swenson

IPC: G21G1/10

CPC classification number: H05H6/00 ,  H05H3/06

Abstract: A target system for producing intense epithermal and sub-MeV neutron fluxes from proton beams by the Li-7(p,n)Be-9 nuclear reaction by use of a layer of solid metallic lithium as the target material, which, in concert with a novel conical substrate to provide support and cooling, is designed to accept proton-beam power densities in excess of 1 MW m−2. The lithium is of limited thickness so that protons exit the lithium layer after reaching the threshold of the (p,n) reaction and deposit their remaining kinetic energy in the cooled substrate. In addition, the target system is configured in a novel geometry intended to confer symmetry around the beam axis of the resulting neutron fields—a feature particularly relevant to utilization of the claimed invention in boron-neutron capture therapy (BNCT).

Abstract translation: 通过使用一层固体金属锂作为目标材料，通过Li-7（p，n）Be-9核反应从质子束产生强烈的超热和亚MeV中子通量的目标系统， 用于提供支撑和冷却的新颖的圆锥形基底被设计成接受超过1MW m-2的质子束功率密度。 锂的厚度有限，使得质子在达到（p，n）反应的阈值后离开锂层，并将其剩余的动能沉积在冷却的衬底中。 此外，目标系统被配置成一种新颖的几何形状，旨在使得所产生的中子场的束轴线对称，这是与所要求保护的发明在硼 - 中子捕获治疗（BNCT）中的应用特别相关的特征。

公开(公告)号：US5523659A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-04

申请号：US292487

申请日：1994-08-18

Applicant: Donald A. Swenson

Inventor： Donald A. Swenson

IPC: H05H7/22 ,  H05H9/00 ,  H01J23/08 ,  H01J23/00 ,  H05H7/00

CPC classification number: H05H9/00 ,  H05H7/22

Abstract: A drift tube linac incorporates rf-electric quadrupole focusing by employing drift tubes with only one drift-tube stem per particle wavelength and in which the lowest frequency RF cavity mode has a transverse magnetic field (TM.sub.010 -mode). Each drift tube comprises two separate electrodes that form a capacitor that couples to the axial electric field of the primary cavity mode. The electrodes operate at different electrical potentials, as determined by the RF fields in the cavity, and are supported by a single stem along the axis of a cylindrical cavity. Each electrode supports two fingers pointing towards the opposite end of the drift tube, forming a four fingered geometry that produces an RF quadrupole field distribution along its axis. The fundamental periodicity of the structure is equal to the particle wavelength (.beta..lambda.) where .beta. is the particle velocity in units of the velocity of light and .lambda. is the free space wavelength of the rf. The particles traverse two distinct regions, namely the gaps between drift tubes, where the acceleration takes place, and the regions inside the drift tubes, where the RF focusing takes place. The linac of the present invention transforms the reverse fields into transverse fields for focusing such that the beam is not decelerated.

Abstract translation: 漂移管直线加速器采用射频四极杆聚焦，采用漂移管，每个粒子波长只有一个漂移管茎，其中最低频RF腔模具有横向磁场（TM010模式）。 每个漂移管包括两个单独的电极，其形成耦合到主腔模式的轴向电场的电容器。 电极以不同的电势工作，由空腔中的RF场确定，并且由沿着圆柱形腔的轴线的单个杆支撑。 每个电极支撑指向漂移管的相对端的两个手指，形成四根手指的几何形状，其沿其轴线产生RF四极场分布。 结构的基本周期性等于粒子波长（βλ），其中β是以光速为单位的粒子速度，λ是rf的自由空间波长。 颗粒穿过两个不同的区域，即发生加速度的漂移管之间的间隙以及发生RF聚焦的漂移管内部的区域。 本发明的直线加速器将反向场转换成用于聚焦的横向场，使得光束不被减速。

公开(公告)号：US5430359A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-04

申请号：US969914

申请日：1992-11-02

Applicant: Donald A. Swenson ,  Wayne D. Cornelius ,  Phillip E. Young

Inventor： Donald A. Swenson ,  Wayne D. Cornelius ,  Phillip E. Young

IPC: H05H7/02 ,  H05H7/18 ,  H01J25/10

CPC classification number: H05H7/02 ,  H05H7/18

Abstract: A radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), which is a combination of the standard 4-vane and 4-rod designs, with a window or windows cut through mid-portions of the normally solid vanes. The windows decrease the resonant frequency, minimize undesirable mode coupling in the RFQ and result in a smaller and more easily tuned accelerator.

Abstract translation: 射频四极杆（RFQ），其是标准的四叶片和四杆设计的组合，窗口或窗户通过正常固体叶片的中部切割。 窗口降低了谐振频率，使RFQ中的不期望的模式耦合最小化并导致更小且更容易调谐的加速器。

公开(公告)号：US5084682A

公开(公告)日：1992-01-28

申请号：US594587

申请日：1990-10-09

Applicant: Donald A. Swenson ,  William J. Hoffert

Inventor： Donald A. Swenson ,  William J. Hoffert

IPC: H05H7/02

CPC classification number: H05H7/02

Abstract: A close-coupled rf power system provides high peak rf power for a linear accelerator, or "linac", and other charged particle systems. The linac operates in a vacuum housing. Low level rf power is coupled inside of the vacuum housing by a conventional rf feedthrough connector. An input resonator cavity mounts on the side of the linac within the vacuum housing. The resonator cavity couples rf power to one or more amplifier assemblies, each including at least one planar triode mounted directly on the linac housing, proximate one end of the resonator cavity. The planar triode, in turn, generates a high power rf current at its respective anode. The high power rf current couples to the linac through a conductive loop operating at the anode potential. Anode cooling is provided by pumping a suitable fluid, such as de-ionized water, through the conductive loop. The high power rf current in the loop generates magnetic fields in the linac required for its operation. After passing through the loop, the rf current is shunted to ground through an integral rf-bypass capacitor. Many components of conventional rf power systems, such as rf output resonators, transmission lines, and vacuum windows, are not needed. Peak rf power of up to 1 megawatt is achievable by using clusters of planar triodes in each amplifier assembly, and by using multiple amplifier assemblies.

Abstract translation: 紧耦合rf电源系统为线性加速器或“直线加速器”和其他带电粒子系统提供高峰值功率。 直线加速器在真空室内运行。 低级射频功率通过传统的射频馈通连接器耦合在真空壳体的内部。 输入谐振腔安装在真空壳体内的直线加速器的侧面。 谐振器腔将射频功率耦合到一个或多个放大器组件，每个放大器组件包括直接安装在线轴加速器壳体上的至少一个平面三极管，靠近谐振腔的一端。 平面三极管又在其各自的阳极产生高功率射频电流。 高功率射频电流通过在阳极电位下工作的导电回路耦合到直线加速器。 通过将合适的流体（例如去离子水）泵送通过导电回路来提供阳极冷却。 环路中的高功率射频电流在其工作所需的线性加速器中产生磁场。 通过回路后，rf电流通过一个集成的rf旁路电容器分流到地。 传统射频电力系统的许多组件，如射频输出谐振器，传输线和真空窗都不需要。 高达1兆瓦的峰值功率可以通过在每个放大器组件中使用平面三极管簇，并通过使用多个放大器组件来实现。

公开(公告)号：US4485346A

公开(公告)日：1984-11-27

申请号：US398507

申请日：1982-07-15

Applicant: Donald A. Swenson ,  Thomas J. Boyd, Jr. ,  James M. Potter ,  James E. Stovall

Inventor： Donald A. Swenson ,  Thomas J. Boyd, Jr. ,  James M. Potter ,  James E. Stovall

IPC: H05H7/12 ,  H05H9/00 ,  H05H9/02

CPC classification number: H05H9/00 ,  H05H7/12

Abstract: A linear accelerator system includes a plurality of post-coupled drift-tubes wherein each post coupler is bistably positionable to either of two positions which result in different field distributions. With binary control over a plurality of post couplers, a significant accumlative effect in the resulting field distribution is achieved yielding a variable-energy drift-tube linear accelerator.

Abstract translation: 线性加速器系统包括多个后耦合漂移管，其中每个后耦合器可双向地定位于导致不同场分布的两个位置之一。 通过对多个后耦合器进行二进制控制，实现了所得到的场分布中的显着累积效应，从而产生可变能漂移管线性加速器。

公开(公告)号：US4211954A

公开(公告)日：1980-07-08

申请号：US912785

申请日：1978-06-05

Applicant: Donald A. Swenson

Inventor： Donald A. Swenson

IPC: H01J23/20 ,  H05H9/04 ,  H01J25/10

CPC classification number: H01J23/20 ,  H05H9/04

Abstract: A heavy particle linear accelerator employing rf fields for transverse andongitudinal focusing as well as acceleration. Drift tube length and gap positions in a standing wave drift tube loaded structure are arranged so that particles are subject to acceleration and succession of focusing and defocusing forces which contain the beam without additional magnetic or electric focusing fields.

Abstract translation: 采用射频场用于横向和纵向聚焦以及加速度的重粒子线性加速器。 布置在驻波漂移管装载结构中的漂移管长度和间隙位置，使得颗粒受到包含光束的聚焦和散焦力的加速和连续，而没有额外的磁或电聚焦场。

公开(公告)号：US5039861A

公开(公告)日：1991-08-13

申请号：US554796

申请日：1990-07-18

Applicant: Donald A. Swenson

Inventor： Donald A. Swenson

IPC: G21K1/00

CPC classification number: G21K1/00

Abstract: A beam emittance measuring apparatus suitable for use with small diameter beams of the type commonly found in accelerators and beam transport systems. The apparatus includes a U-shaped frame that supports four thin wires that traverse the particle beam to create and detect thin particle shadows in the particle distribution. Two of the wires are shadow wires and are supported on one side of the U-shaped frame. Two of the wires are detection wires and are supported on the other side of the U-shaped frame, downstream from the shadow wires. One shadow wire and its corresponding detection wire are positioned to detect emittance data at a given point in a first emittance plane. The other shadow wire and its corresponding detection wire are positioned to detect emittance data at a given point in a second emittance plane. A given shadow wire and its corresponding detection wire are generally at right angles to each other so that the point of insertion defines the point at which the emittance measurement is made, much as the cross-hairs on a sighting device define a point being sighted. The location of the particle shadow on the detection wire provides a measure of the emittance angle of the particular beam particle whose shadow is cast by the shadow wire. The location of the particle shadow on the detection wire is detected optically using a concave mirror mounted in one side of the U-shaped frame that collects the image of the detection wire and focuses it on a segmented detector mounted in the other side of the U-shaped frame.

Abstract translation: 一种光束发射测量装置，适用于通常在加速器和光束传输系统中发现的类型的小直径光束。 该装置包括U形框架，其支撑穿过粒子束的四条细线，以产生并检测粒子分布中的薄粒子阴影。 两条电线是阴影线，并且被支撑在U形框架的一侧。 两条线是检测线，并且被支撑在U形框架的另一侧，阴影线的下游。 定位一根阴影线及其相应的检测线以检测第一辐射平面中给定点处的发射数据。 定位另一条阴影线及其相应的检测线，以检测第二发射平面中给定点处的发射数据。 给定的阴影线及其相应的检测线通常彼此成直角，使得插入点定义了进行发射测量的点，就像瞄准装置上的十字线限定了被瞄准的点一样。 在检测线上的粒子阴影的位置提供了阴影由阴影线投射的特定光束粒子的发射角的测量。 使用安装在U形框架的一侧的凹面镜来对检测线上的粒子阴影的位置进行光学检测，该凹面镜收集检测线的图像并将其聚焦在安装在U的另一侧的分段检测器 形框架。