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公开(公告)号：US4485346A
公开(公告)日：1984-11-27
申请号：US398507
申请日：1982-07-15
摘要： A linear accelerator system includes a plurality of post-coupled drift-tubes wherein each post coupler is bistably positionable to either of two positions which result in different field distributions. With binary control over a plurality of post couplers, a significant accumlative effect in the resulting field distribution is achieved yielding a variable-energy drift-tube linear accelerator.
摘要翻译： 线性加速器系统包括多个后耦合漂移管，其中每个后耦合器可双向地定位于导致不同场分布的两个位置之一。 通过对多个后耦合器进行二进制控制，实现了所得到的场分布中的显着累积效应，从而产生可变能漂移管线性加速器。
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公开(公告)号：US4287488A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-01
申请号：US90846
申请日：1979-11-02
CPC分类号： H01S3/0903
摘要： A free electron laser system and electron beam system for a free electron laser which use rf feedback to enhance efficiency. Rf energy is extracted from an electron beam by decelerating cavities and returned to accelerating cavities using rf returns such as rf waveguides, rf feedthroughs, etc. This rf energy is added to rf klystron energy to lower the required input energy and thereby enhance energy efficiency of the system.
摘要翻译： 一种用于自由电子激光器的自由电子激光系统和电子束系统，其使用rf反馈来提高效率。 通过减速腔从电子束中提取Rf能量，并使用诸如rf波导，rf馈通等的rf返回返回到加速腔。该rf能量被添加到速度曲线能量以降低所需的输入能量，从而提高能量效率 系统。
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3.发明授权Free electron laser using Rf coupled accelerating and decelerating structures 失效使用Rf耦合的加速和减速结构的自由电子激光器
公开(公告)号：US4479218A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-23
申请号：US275478
申请日：1981-06-19
CPC分类号： H01S3/0903
摘要： A free electron laser and free electron laser amplifier using beam transport devices for guiding an electron beam to a wiggler of a free electron laser and returning the electron beam to decelerating cavities disposed adjacent to the accelerating cavities of the free electron laser. Rf energy is generated from the energy depleted electron beam after it emerges from the wiggler by means of the decelerating cavities which are closely coupled to the accelerating cavities, or by means of a second bore within a single set of cavities. Rf energy generated from the decelerated electron beam is used to supplement energy provided by an external source, such as a klystron, to thereby enhance overall efficiency of the system.
摘要翻译： 使用光束传输装置的自由电子激光器和自由电子激光放大器，用于将电子束引导到自由电子激光器的摆动器，并将电子束返回到与自由电子激光器的加速腔相邻设置的减速腔中。 在能量耗尽的电子束通过紧密耦合到加速腔的减速空腔或者通过单组腔内的第二孔而从摆动器出来之前，产生Rf能量。 使用从减速电子束产生的Rf能量来补充由诸如速调管之类的外部源所提供的能量，从而提高系统的整体效率。
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公开(公告)号：US4323857A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-06
申请号：US102804
申请日：1979-12-12
CPC分类号： H01S3/0903
摘要： A catalac free electron laser using a rf linac (catalac) which acts as a catalyst to accelerate an electron beam in an initial pass through the catalac and decelerate the electron beam during a second pass through the catalac. During the second pass through the catalac, energy is extracted from the electron beam and transformed to energy of the accelerating fields of the catalac to increase efficiency of the device. Various embodiments disclose the use of post linacs to add electron beam energy extracted by the wiggler and the use of supplementary catalacs to extract energy at various energy peaks produced by the free electron laser wiggler to further enhance efficiency of the catalac free electron laser. The catalac free electron laser can be used in conjunction with a simple resonator, a ring resonator or as an amplifier in conjunction with a master oscillator laser.
摘要翻译： 使用rf线性加速器（catalac）的催化剂自由电子激光器，其作为催化剂，以在初始通过催化剂中加速电子束，并在第二次通过催化剂时减速电子束。 在第二次通过催化剂的过程中，能量从电子束中提取出来并转化为催化剂加速场的能量，以提高装置的效率。 各种实施方案公开了使用直线加速器添加由摆动器提取的电子束能量和使用辅助催化剂来提取由自由电子激光器摆动器产生的各种能量峰值的能量，以进一步提高无催化剂自由电子激光器的效率。 催化剂自由电子激光器可以与简单谐振器，环形谐振器或作为主振荡器激光器的放大器结合使用。
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公开(公告)号：US20100060208A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-11
申请号：US12550526
申请日：2009-08-31
申请人： Donald A. Swenson
发明人： Donald A. Swenson
IPC分类号： H05H9/00
摘要： A linac system having at least two linac structures configured to operate with a resonant coupler. The linac structures and the resonant coupler resonate at the same frequency, are in close proximity, and designed for a relative phase of 0° or 180°. The coupling between the resonant coupler and the linac structures is achieved by slots between the linac structures and the resonant coupler, which allow the magnetic fields of the linac structures to interact with the magnetic field of the resonant coupler. The relative size of the slots determines the relative amplitude of the fields in the linac structures. There are three modes of oscillation, a 0 mode, wherein the linac structures and the resonant coupler are excited in phase, a π/2 mode, wherein the linac structures are excited out of phase and the resonant coupler is nominally unexcited, and the π mode, wherein the linac structures and the resonator coupler are excited out of phase.
摘要翻译： 具有配置成与谐振耦合器一起操作的至少两个直线加速器结构的直线加速器系统。 直线加速器结构和谐振耦合器以相同的频率谐振，处于非常接近的位置，并设计为0°或180°的相对相位。 谐振耦合器和线性加速器结构之间的耦合通过直线加速器结构和谐振耦合器之间的槽来实现，这允许直线加速器结构的磁场与谐振耦合器的磁场相互作用。 槽的相对尺寸决定了直线加速器结构中的场的相对幅度。 存在三种振荡模式，0模式，其中直线加速器结构和谐振耦合器被相位激励，其中直线加速器结构被异相激励，并且共振耦合器名义上是未激活的，并且 ＆pgr 模式，其中直线加速器结构和谐振器耦合器被异相激励。
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6.发明授权Apparatus for, and methods of, detecting the direction and focal properties of neutral particle beams 失效用于检测中性粒子束的方向和焦点特性的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5631461A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-20
申请号：US64801
申请日：1987-06-19
申请人： Donald A. Swenson
发明人： Donald A. Swenson
CPC分类号： G01T1/29 , H05H1/0006
摘要： A source wire is in the path of a neutral particle beam formed from positively and negatively charged particles (ions) and neutral particles (atoms). The source wire strips electrons from the negatively charged particles to neutralize these particles and strips electrons from the neutral particles to create positively charged particles. A magnetic field is perpendicular to the path of the particle movement. A detector wire downstream from the source wire detects the total particle flux. A magnetic field is perpendicular to the path of the particle movement. A variation, preferably cyclical, may be provided in at least one of (a) the characteristics of the magnetic field and (b) the positioning of the detector wire relative to the source wire in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field and the particle movement. The resultant signal produced on the detector wire by the combined action of such magnetic field and/or detector wire movement is processed to indicate the characteristics, including direction, divergence and scattering of the neutral particle beam in a first direction. Second source and detector wires disposed in a direction respectively perpendicular to the first source and detector wires may be subjected to a second magnetic field perpendicular to the first magnetic field and to the particle path to determine the characteristics, including direction and divergence and scattering of the neutral particle beam in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. A grid of source and detector wires may also be disposed in the first and second directions to enhance the indications of the characteristics, including direction, divergence and scattering, of the neutral particle beam in the first and second directions.
摘要翻译： 源极线处于由带负电的粒子（离子）和中性粒子（原子）形成的中性粒子束的路径中。 源极线从带负电荷的微粒中去除电子以中和这些颗粒并从中性粒子中剥离电子以产生带正电荷的微粒。 磁场垂直于颗粒运动的路径。 源极线下游的探测器线检测到总颗粒通量。 磁场垂直于颗粒运动的路径。 可以以（a）磁场的特性和（b）检测器线相对于源极线在垂直于磁场和颗粒运动的方向上的定位中的至少一个来提供优选循环的变化 。 通过这种磁场和/或检测器线移动的组合作用在检测器线上产生的结果信号被处理以指示包括中性粒子束在第一方向上的方向，发散和散射的特性。 沿垂直于第一源和检测器线的方向设置的第二源极和检测器线可以经受垂直于第一磁场和粒子路径的第二磁场，以确定特性，包括方向和发散和散射 中性粒子束在垂直于第一方向的第二方向上。 源极和检测器线的栅格也可以在第一和第二方向上布置，以增强中性粒子束在第一和第二方向上的特征的指示，包括方向，发散和散射。
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公开(公告)号：US5113141A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-12
申请号：US554797
申请日：1990-07-18
申请人： Donald A. Swenson
发明人： Donald A. Swenson
IPC分类号： H01J23/083 , H05H7/18 , H05H9/00
CPC分类号： H05H9/00 , H01J23/083 , H05H7/18
摘要： A new RFQ linac structure extends the useful range of beam velocity by a factor of 2 to 4 and beam energy by a factor of 4 to 16. Four-finger electrodes extend into each accelerating cell and provide quadrupole focusing of beam particles along a beam axis. The finger electrodes of adjacent cells also provide quadrupole acceleration of the beam particles along the beam axis. The finger of adjacent cells are oriented in accordance with a prescribed pattern. The pattern orientation of the fingers provides an additional degree of freedom that allows the periodcity of the focal structure to be independent of the periodicity of the accelerating structure. This makes it possible to double the rf frequency periodically to enhance the acceleration rate while holding the focusing strength constant.
摘要翻译： 新的RFQ直线加速器结构将光束速度的有用范围扩大了2至4倍，光束能量增加了4至16倍。四指电极延伸到每个加速电池中，并提供沿着光束轴的光束粒子的四极聚焦 。 相邻电池的指状电极还提供沿着光束轴的光束粒子的四极加速度。 相邻单元的手指根据规定的图案取向。 手指的图案取向提供了额外的自由度，其允许焦点结构的周期性与加速结构的周期性无关。 这使得可以周期性地加倍rf频率，以在保持聚焦强度恒定的同时增强加速度。
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公开(公告)号：US20100067640A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-18
申请号：US12556169
申请日：2009-09-09
申请人： Carl A. Willis , Donald A. Swenson
发明人： Carl A. Willis , Donald A. Swenson
IPC分类号： G21G1/10
摘要： A target system for producing intense epithermal and sub-MeV neutron fluxes from proton beams by the Li-7(p,n)Be-9 nuclear reaction by use of a layer of solid metallic lithium as the target material, which, in concert with a novel conical substrate to provide support and cooling, is designed to accept proton-beam power densities in excess of 1 MW m−2. The lithium is of limited thickness so that protons exit the lithium layer after reaching the threshold of the (p,n) reaction and deposit their remaining kinetic energy in the cooled substrate. In addition, the target system is configured in a novel geometry intended to confer symmetry around the beam axis of the resulting neutron fields—a feature particularly relevant to utilization of the claimed invention in boron-neutron capture therapy (BNCT).
摘要翻译： 通过使用一层固体金属锂作为目标材料，通过Li-7（p，n）Be-9核反应从质子束产生强烈的超热和亚MeV中子通量的目标系统， 用于提供支撑和冷却的新颖的圆锥形基底被设计成接受超过1MW m-2的质子束功率密度。 锂的厚度有限，使得质子在达到（p，n）反应的阈值后离开锂层，并将其剩余的动能沉积在冷却的衬底中。 此外，目标系统被配置成一种新颖的几何形状，旨在使得所产生的中子场的束轴线对称，这是与所要求保护的发明在硼 - 中子捕获治疗（BNCT）中的应用特别相关的特征。
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公开(公告)号：US5523659A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-04
申请号：US292487
申请日：1994-08-18
申请人： Donald A. Swenson
发明人： Donald A. Swenson
摘要： A drift tube linac incorporates rf-electric quadrupole focusing by employing drift tubes with only one drift-tube stem per particle wavelength and in which the lowest frequency RF cavity mode has a transverse magnetic field (TM.sub.010 -mode). Each drift tube comprises two separate electrodes that form a capacitor that couples to the axial electric field of the primary cavity mode. The electrodes operate at different electrical potentials, as determined by the RF fields in the cavity, and are supported by a single stem along the axis of a cylindrical cavity. Each electrode supports two fingers pointing towards the opposite end of the drift tube, forming a four fingered geometry that produces an RF quadrupole field distribution along its axis. The fundamental periodicity of the structure is equal to the particle wavelength (.beta..lambda.) where .beta. is the particle velocity in units of the velocity of light and .lambda. is the free space wavelength of the rf. The particles traverse two distinct regions, namely the gaps between drift tubes, where the acceleration takes place, and the regions inside the drift tubes, where the RF focusing takes place. The linac of the present invention transforms the reverse fields into transverse fields for focusing such that the beam is not decelerated.
摘要翻译： 漂移管直线加速器采用射频四极杆聚焦，采用漂移管，每个粒子波长只有一个漂移管茎，其中最低频RF腔模具有横向磁场（TM010模式）。 每个漂移管包括两个单独的电极，其形成耦合到主腔模式的轴向电场的电容器。 电极以不同的电势工作，由空腔中的RF场确定，并且由沿着圆柱形腔的轴线的单个杆支撑。 每个电极支撑指向漂移管的相对端的两个手指，形成四根手指的几何形状，其沿其轴线产生RF四极场分布。 结构的基本周期性等于粒子波长（βλ），其中β是以光速为单位的粒子速度，λ是rf的自由空间波长。 颗粒穿过两个不同的区域，即发生加速度的漂移管之间的间隙以及发生RF聚焦的漂移管内部的区域。 本发明的直线加速器将反向场转换成用于聚焦的横向场，使得光束不被减速。
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公开(公告)号：US5430359A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-04
申请号：US969914
申请日：1992-11-02
摘要： A radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), which is a combination of the standard 4-vane and 4-rod designs, with a window or windows cut through mid-portions of the normally solid vanes. The windows decrease the resonant frequency, minimize undesirable mode coupling in the RFQ and result in a smaller and more easily tuned accelerator.
摘要翻译： 射频四极杆（RFQ），其是标准的四叶片和四杆设计的组合，窗口或窗户通过正常固体叶片的中部切割。 窗口降低了谐振频率，使RFQ中的不期望的模式耦合最小化并导致更小且更容易调谐的加速器。
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