摘要:
A micro-optical switching device, an image display apparatus including the micro-optical switching device, and a method of manufacturing the micro-optical switching device are provided. The micro-optical switching device includes a substrate; a first electrode disposed on the substrate and including a first opening array, wherein the first opening array includes a plurality of openings; and a second electrode disposed spaced apart from the first electrode and including a second opening array including a plurality of openings, wherein the plurality of openings of the second opening array do not overlap with the plurality of openings of the first opening array.
摘要:
A transmissive and reflective mode convertible display is provided including a converting unit convertible between a reflective mirror layer state and a light transmitting layer state and a shutter unit. Based on the state of the converting unit, the display may be drive to utilize light from a backlight transmitted through the converting unit or external light reflected off the converting unit.
摘要:
Provided are an apparatus and method of controlling jetting of ink of an inkjet printer. The apparatus includes at least one print head chip, which includes a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the print head chip and a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) for converting the sensed temperature to a frequency component. The apparatus may also include a counter, which converts the frequency component to a code information using a reference frequency component, and a controller, which controls the ink jetting operation of the at least one print head chip based on the code information and/or the frequency component.
摘要:
A method of etching decoupled comb electrodes by self-alignment is provided The etching method is a self-alignment etching method for forming upper comb electrodes in a first silicon layer of a silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate and lower comb electrodes in a second silicon layer of the SOI substrate. The self-alignment etching method includes forming a first metal mask on the first silicon layer so as to cover portions of the first silicon layer where the upper comb electrodes are to be formed, forming a first photoresist (PR) mask on the first metal mask and portions of the first silicon layer corresponding to the lower comb electrodes, selectively etching the first silicon layer using the first PR mask as an etch barrier layer, selectively etching an insulating layer of the SOI substrate using the first PR mask as an etch barrier layer, selectively etching the second silicon layer of the SOI substrate using the first PR mask as an etch barrier layer, forming a second PR mask on portions of the second silicon layer corresponding to the upper comb electrodes, forming a second metal mask entirely on an exposed bottom surface of the second silicon layer including the second PR mask, removing the first and second PR masks, and etching the first and second silicon layers using the remaining first and second metal masks so as to form the upper comb electrodes and the lower comb electrodes.
摘要:
An electrophotographic toner, a method of preparing the electrophotographic toner, and an image forming apparatus using the electrophotographic toner. The electrophotographic toner includes a binder resin, a colorant, a releasing agent, and a spherical metal nanoparticle having a volume average diameter of about 10 to about 100 nm.