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公开(公告)号：US06617806B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-09
申请号：US09776914
申请日：2001-02-06
申请人： Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , James T. Dolan , Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , James E. Simpson
发明人： Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , James T. Dolan , Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , James E. Simpson
IPC分类号： H05B4116
CPC分类号： H01J65/044 , Y02B20/22
摘要： An electrodeless microwave discharge lamp includes a source of microwave energy, a microwave cavity, a structure configured to transmit the microwave energy from the source to the microwave cavity, a bulb disposed within the microwave cavity, the bulb including a discharge forming fill which emits light when excited by the microwave energy, and a reflector disposed within the microwave cavity, wherein the reflector defines a reflective cavity which encompasses the bulb within its volume and has an inside surface area which is sufficiently less than an inside surface area of the microwave cavity. A portion of the reflector may define a light emitting aperture which extends from a position closely spaced to the bulb to a light transmissive end of the microwave cavity. Preferably, at least a portion of the reflector is spaced from a wall of the microwave cavity. The lamp may be substantially sealed from environmental contamination. The cavity may include a dielectric material is a sufficient amount to require a reduction in the size of the cavity to support the desired resonant mode.
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公开(公告)号：US6137237A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-24
申请号：US228230
申请日：1999-01-11
申请人： Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , James T. Dolan , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Yongzhang Leng
发明人： Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , James T. Dolan , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Yongzhang Leng
CPC分类号： H05B41/24 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/125 , H01J61/523 , H01J65/044 , H01J65/048 , Y02B20/22
摘要： A high frequency inductively coupled electrodeless lamp includes an excitation coil with an effective electrical length which is less than one half wavelength of a driving frequency applied thereto, preferably much less. The driving frequency may be greater than 100 MHz and is preferably as high as 915 MHz. Preferably, the excitation coil is configured as a non-helical, semi-cylindrical conductive surface having less than one turn, in the general shape of a wedding ring. At high frequencies, the current in the coil forms two loops which are spaced apart and parallel to each other. Configured appropriately, the coil approximates a Helmholtz configuration. The lamp preferably utilizes an bulb encased in a reflective ceramic cup with a pre-formed aperture defined therethrough. The ceramic cup may include structural features to aid in alignment and/or a flanged face to aid in thermal management. The lamp head is preferably an integrated lamp head comprising a metal matrix composite surrounding an insulating ceramic with the excitation integrally formed on the ceramic. A novel solid-state oscillator preferably provides RF power to the lamp. The oscillator is a single active element device capable of providing over 70 watts of power at over 70% efficiency. Various control circuits may be employed to match the driving frequency of the oscillator to a plurality of tuning states of the lamp.
摘要翻译： 高频电感耦合无电极灯包括具有小于施加到其上的驱动频率的一半波长的有效电长度的励磁线圈，优选地少得多。 驱动频率可以大于100MHz，优选高达915MHz。 优选地，激励线圈被配置为具有小于一圈的非螺旋，半圆柱形导电表面，具有结婚戒指的一般形状。 在高频时，线圈中的电流形成两个彼此间隔开并平行的环。 配置适当，线圈接近亥姆霍兹配置。 灯优选地利用封装在反射陶瓷杯中的灯泡，其中形成有预先形成的孔。 陶瓷杯可以包括有助于对准的结构特征和/或凸缘面以辅助热管理。 灯头优选是集成灯头，其包括围绕绝缘陶瓷的金属基体复合体，其中整体形成在陶瓷上的激发。 新颖的固态振荡器优选地向灯提供RF功率。 振荡器是能够以超过70％效率提供超过70瓦功率的单个有源元件器件。 可以采用各种控制电路来将振荡器的驱动频率与灯的多个调谐状态相匹配。
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公开(公告)号：US06310443B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-30
申请号：US09616995
申请日：2000-07-14
申请人： Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , Aleksandr Gitsevich , Gary K. Bass , James T. Dolan , Kent Kipling , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Yongzhang Leng , Izrail Levin , Robert J. Roy , Bruce Shanks , Malcolm Smith , William C. Trimble , Peter Tsai
发明人： Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , Aleksandr Gitsevich , Gary K. Bass , James T. Dolan , Kent Kipling , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Yongzhang Leng , Izrail Levin , Robert J. Roy , Bruce Shanks , Malcolm Smith , William C. Trimble , Peter Tsai
IPC分类号： H05B4116
CPC分类号： H05B41/24 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/125 , H01J61/523 , H01J65/044 , H01J65/048 , Y02B20/22
摘要： A jacketed lamp bulb envelope includes a ceramic cup having an open end and a partially closed end, the partially closed end defining an aperture, a lamp bulb positioned inside the ceramic cup abutting the aperture, and a reflective ceramic material at least partially covering a portion of the bulb not abutting the aperture. The reflective ceramic material may substantially fill an interior volume of the ceramic cup not occupied by the bulb. The ceramic cup may include a structural feature for aiding in alignment of the jacketed lamp bulb envelope in a lamp. The ceramic cup may include an external flange about a periphery thereof. One example of a jacketed lamp bulb envelope includes a ceramic cup having an open end and a closed end, a ceramic washer covering the open end of the ceramic cup, the washer defining an aperture therethrough, a lamp bulb positioned inside the ceramic cup abutting the aperture, and a reflective ceramic material filling an interior volume of the ceramic cup not occupied by the bulb. A method of packing a jacketed lamp bulb envelope of the type comprising a ceramic cup with a lamp bulb disposed therein includes the steps of filling the ceramic cup with a flowable slurry of reflective material, and applying centrifugal force to the cup to pack the reflective material therein.
摘要翻译： 夹套的灯泡外壳包括具有开口端和部分封闭端的陶瓷杯，部分封闭端限定孔，位于陶瓷杯内部邻接孔的灯泡和至少部分覆盖部分的反射陶瓷材料 的灯泡不与光圈邻接。 反射陶瓷材料可以基本上填充未被灯泡占据的陶瓷杯的内部容积。 陶瓷杯可以包括用于帮助灯管中的夹套灯泡灯泡对准的结构特征。 陶瓷杯可以包括围绕其周边的外部凸缘。 夹套灯泡外壳的一个实例包括具有开口端和封闭端的陶瓷杯，覆盖陶瓷杯的开口端的陶瓷垫圈，垫圈限定穿过其中的孔，位于陶瓷杯内部的灯泡 孔，以及填充未被灯泡占据的陶瓷杯的内部容积的反射陶瓷材料。 包装一种包括陶瓷杯的类型的夹套灯泡外壳的方法包括设置在其中的灯泡的方法包括以下步骤：用反射材料的可流动浆料填充陶瓷杯，并将离心力施加到杯子以将反射材料 其中。
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公开(公告)号：US06313587B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-06
申请号：US09434310
申请日：1999-11-05
申请人： Donald A. MacLennan , Lauren E. Dymond, Jr. , Aleksandr Gitsevich , William G. Grimm , Kent Kipling , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Samuel A. Ola , James E. Simpson , William C. Trimble , Peter Tsai , Brian P. Turner
发明人： Donald A. MacLennan , Lauren E. Dymond, Jr. , Aleksandr Gitsevich , William G. Grimm , Kent Kipling , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Samuel A. Ola , James E. Simpson , William C. Trimble , Peter Tsai , Brian P. Turner
IPC分类号： H05B4116
CPC分类号： H01J61/125 , H01J61/025 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/52 , H01J61/523 , H01J65/044 , H01J65/048 , H05B41/24 , Y02B20/22
摘要： A high frequency inductively coupled electrodeless lamp includes an excitation coil with an effective electrical length which is less than one half wavelength of a driving frequency applied thereto, preferably much less. The driving frequency may be greater than 100 MHz and is preferably as high as 915 MHz. Preferably, the excitation coil is configured as a non-helical, semi-cylindrical conductive surface having less than one turn, in the general shape of a wedding ring. At high frequencies, the current in the coil forms two loops which are spaced apart and parallel to each other. Configured appropriately, the coil approximates a Helmholtz configuration. The lamp preferably utilizes an bulb encased in a reflective ceramic cup with a pre-formed aperture defined therethrough. The ceramic cup may include structural features to aid in alignment and I or a flanged face to aid in thermal management. The lamp head is preferably an integrated lamp head comprising a metal matrix composite surrounding an insulating ceramic with the excitation integrally formed on the ceramic. A novel solid-state oscillator preferably provides RF power to the lamp. The oscillator is a single active element device capable of providing over 70 watts of power at over 70% efficiency. Various control circuits may be employed to adjust the driving frequency of the oscillator.
摘要翻译： 高频电感耦合无电极灯包括具有小于施加到其上的驱动频率的一半波长的有效电长度的励磁线圈，优选地少得多。 驱动频率可以大于100MHz，优选高达915MHz。 优选地，激励线圈被配置为具有小于一圈的非螺旋，半圆柱形导电表面，具有结婚戒指的一般形状。 在高频时，线圈中的电流形成两个彼此间隔开并平行的环。 配置适当，线圈接近亥姆霍兹配置。 灯优选地利用封装在反射陶瓷杯中的灯泡，其中形成有预先形成的孔。 陶瓷杯可以包括有助于对准的结构特征和I或法兰面以辅助热管理。 灯头优选是集成灯头，其包括围绕绝缘陶瓷的金属基体复合体，其中整体形成在陶瓷上的激发。 新颖的固态振荡器优选地向灯提供RF功率。 振荡器是能够以超过70％效率提供超过70瓦功率的单个有源元件器件。 可以采用各种控制电路来调节振荡器的驱动频率。
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公开(公告)号：US06424099B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-23
申请号：US09776698
申请日：2001-02-06
申请人： Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Gary K. Bass , Jesse F. Copsey , William E. Garber, Jr. , Vincent H. Kwong , Izrail Levin , Donald A. MacLennan , Robert J. Roy , Paul E. Steiner , Peter Tsai , Brian P. Turner
发明人： Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Gary K. Bass , Jesse F. Copsey , William E. Garber, Jr. , Vincent H. Kwong , Izrail Levin , Donald A. MacLennan , Robert J. Roy , Paul E. Steiner , Peter Tsai , Brian P. Turner
IPC分类号： H05B4116
CPC分类号： H05B41/24 , H01J61/025 , H01J61/52 , H01J65/044 , H01J65/048 , Y02B20/22
摘要： An ultra bright, low wattage inductively coupled electrodeless aperture lamp is powered by a solid state RF source in the range of several tens to several hundreds of watts at various frequencies in the range of 400 to 900 MHz. Numerous novel lamp circuits and components are disclosed including a wedding ring shaped coil having one axial and one radial lead, a high accuracy capacitor stack, a high thermal conductivity aperture cup and various other aperture bulb configurations, a coaxial capacitor arrangement, and an integrated coil and capacitor assembly. Numerous novel RF circuits are also disclosed including a high power oscillator circuit with reduced complexity resonant pole configuration, parallel RF power FET transistors with soft gate switching, a continuously variable frequency tuning circuit, a six port directional coupler, an impedance switching RF source, and an RF source with controlled frequency-load characteristics. Numerous novel RF control methods are disclosed including controlled adjustment of the operating frequency to find a resonant frequency and reduce reflected RF power, controlled switching of an impedance switched lamp system, active power control and active gate bias control.
摘要翻译： 超亮度，低瓦数的电感耦合无电极孔径灯由在400至900MHz范围内的各种频率的几十到几百瓦的范围内的固态RF源供电。 公开了许多新颖的灯电路和组件，其包括具有一个轴向和一个径向引线，高精度电容器堆叠，高导热孔杯和各种其他孔径灯泡配置的结婚戒指线圈，同轴电容器布置和集成线圈 和电容器组件。 还公开了许多新颖的RF电路，包括具有降低复杂度的谐振极配置的高功率振荡器电路，具有软门开关的并联RF功率FET晶体管，连续可变频率调谐电路，六端口定向耦合器，阻抗切换RF源和 具有受控频率负载特性的RF源。 公开了许多新颖的RF控制方法，包括操作频率的受控调整以找到谐振频率并减少反射RF功率，阻抗开关灯系统的受控切换，有功功率控制和有源栅极偏置控制。
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公开(公告)号：US06316875B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-13
申请号：US09380831
申请日：1999-09-10
IPC分类号： H01J1704
CPC分类号： H01J61/0735
摘要： An arc discharge lamp includes a light transmissive envelope (3), two electrodes (1, 2) disposed at least partially inside the light transmissive envelope, and a plasma forming fill which includes selenium when excited disposed inside the light transmissive envelope (3). The exterior surfaces of the part of the electrodes (1, 2) disposed inside the light transmissive envelope (3) comprise an electrode material selected from the group of molybdenum and molybdenum compounds.
摘要翻译： 电弧放电灯包括透光外壳（3），至少部分地设置在透光外壳内部的两个电极（1,2）和等离子体形成填充物，其中当被激发设置在透光外壳（3）内时被激发。 设置在透光外壳（3）内部的电极（1,2）部分的外表面包括选自钼和钼化合物的电极材料。
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公开(公告)号：US06552620B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-22
申请号：US09949770
申请日：2001-09-12
IPC分类号： H03B518
CPC分类号： H03B5/1852 , H03B1/02 , H03B1/04 , H03B5/18 , H03F1/523 , H03F2200/444
摘要： An oscillator includes a solid state active device having an input and an output, a feedback circuit connected from the output of the active device to the input of the active device, the feedback circuit providing suitable positive feedback to initiate and sustain an oscillating condition at a fundamental frequency, and a waveform modifying circuit connected to the output of the active device, wherein the waveform modifying circuit is adapted to modify the waveform on the output in a manner which increases an efficiency of the oscillator. For example, the waveform modifying circuit comprises transmission lines and optionally components which provide a high impedance for odd harmonics of the fundamental frequency. The waveform modifying circuit may further include transmission lines and optionally components which provide a low impedance for even harmonics of the fundamental frequency. The waveform modifying circuit utilize class F amplifier principles to cause the waveform on the output to be relatively more square in shape.
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公开(公告)号：US06949887B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-27
申请号：US09975552
申请日：2001-10-12
CPC分类号： H01J61/125 , H01J61/025 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/52 , H01J61/523 , H01J65/044 , H01J65/048 , H05B41/24 , Y02B20/22
摘要： An oscillator includes an amplifier having an input and an output, a feedback network connected between the input of the amplifier and the output of the amplifier, the feedback network being configured to provide suitable positive feedback from the output of the amplifier to the input of the amplifier to initiate and sustain an oscillating condition, and a tuning circuit connected to the input of the amplifier, wherein the tuning circuit is continuously variable and consists of solid state electrical components with no mechanically adjustable devices including a pair of diodes connected to each other at their respective cathodes with a control voltage connected at the junction of the diodes. Another oscillator includes an amplifier having an input and an output, a feedback network connected between the input of the amplifier and the output of the amplifier, the feedback network being configured to provide suitable positive feedback from the output of the amplifier to the input of the amplifier to initiate and sustain an oscillating condition, and transmission lines connected to the input of the amplifier with an input pad and a perpendicular transmission line extending from the input pad and forming a leg of a resonant “T”, and wherein the feedback network is coupled to the leg of the resonant “T”.
摘要翻译： 振荡器包括具有输入和输出的放大器，连接在放大器的输入端和放大器的输出端之间的反馈网络，反馈网络被配置为从放大器的输出到输入端提供合适的正反馈 放大器以启动和维持振荡状态，以及连接到放大器的输入端的调谐电路，其中调谐电路是连续可变的，并且由固态电气部件组成，没有机械可调节的装置，包括彼此连接的一对二极管 它们各自的阴极具有连接在二极管的结处的控制电压。 另一个振荡器包括具有输入和输出的放大器，连接在放大器的输入端和放大器的输出端之间的反馈网络，该反馈网络被配置成从放大器的输出端向输入端提供合适的正反馈 放大器来启动和维持振荡状态，以及传输线路，其与输入焊盘和从输入焊盘延伸并形成谐振“T”的支线的垂直传输线连接到放大器的输入，并且其中反馈网络是 耦合到谐振“T”的腿。
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公开(公告)号：US06465959B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-15
申请号：US09380506
申请日：1999-09-03
IPC分类号： H01J6504
摘要： A screen (49) including mesh portions (47 and 48) for a discharge lamp (46) bears a protective coating which inhibits degradation of the screen under lamp operating conditions. The coating does not absorb microwave energy, is transparent or reflective to visible light, and is capable of protecting the screen for at least several thousand hours of operation without substantial oxidation or tarnishing of the screen. The coating remains on the screen at screen temperatures above about 300 degrees C, and the coating does not significantly crack as the screen heats and cools. The coating may include, for example, a solgel deposited single phase or two phase glass.
摘要翻译： 包括用于放电灯（46）的网部（47和48）的屏幕（49）具有防止在灯操作条件下屏幕劣化的保护涂层。 涂层不吸收微波能量，透明或反射可见光，并且能够保护屏幕至少几千小时的操作，而不会对屏幕造成实质的氧化或变色。 屏幕温度高于约300摄氏度时，涂层保留在屏幕上，当屏幕加热并冷却时，涂层不会显着破裂。 涂层可以包括例如沉积的单相或两相玻璃的溶胶凝胶。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5089742A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-18
申请号：US589757
申请日：1990-09-28
申请人： Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Joel M. Schnur , Paul E. Schoen , Ronald R. Price , Wallace M. Manheimer
发明人： Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Joel M. Schnur , Paul E. Schoen , Ronald R. Price , Wallace M. Manheimer
CPC分类号： H01J9/025 , H01J1/3042
摘要： A field emitter array comprises an array of aligned metallic, conductive rotubules extending from a conductive base. The array is typically made by cutting a matrix comprising the aligned microtubules into sections, usually normal to the tubule alignment axis. One end surface of a section is etched or otherwise treated to remove the matrix, but not the tubules. That end surface is then provided with a conductive coating and fixed to a contact. The other end surface of that section is then also treated to remove the matrix material and leave the tubules extending from the conductive metal base. Field emitter arrays made according to the present invention provide a greater brightness than conventional field emitter arrays.
摘要翻译： 场发射器阵列包括从导电基底延伸的对准的金属导电微管阵列。 阵列通常通过将包含对准的微管的基质切割成通常垂直于小管对准轴的部分来制备。 蚀刻或以其他方式处理部分的一个端面以除去基质，而不是小管。 然后该端表面设置有导电涂层并固定到触点。 然后再处理该部分的另一个端面以除去基质材料，并使从导电金属基底延伸的小管离开。 根据本发明制造的场发射器阵列提供比常规场发射器阵列更大的亮度。
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