-
公开(公告)号:US4692237A
公开(公告)日:1987-09-08
申请号:US718134
申请日:1985-04-01
摘要: A process for removing suspended solids, particularly difficultly filterable inorganic solids, from an oil obtained as a refinery process fraction from steam and catalytic cracking units, shale oil retorting process fraction, or from coal conversion processes by adding to the oil an agglomerating agent which is a polyelectrolyte, usefully a water-in-oil emulsion of a water-soluble polymer whereby said solids are clustered together into readily separable agglomerates.
摘要翻译: 一种从蒸汽和催化裂化装置获得的作为炼油工艺馏分得到的油,页岩油蒸馏工艺馏分或从煤转化过程中除去悬浮固体,特别是难以过滤的无机固体的方法,通过向油中加入附聚物 聚电解质,有用地是水溶性聚合物的油包水乳液,其中所述固体聚集在一起成为易分离的附聚物。
-
公开(公告)号:US4407707A
公开(公告)日:1983-10-04
申请号:US295799
申请日:1981-08-24
CPC分类号: B01F17/0028 , B01D12/00 , B01F17/0085 , C10G29/20
摘要: Very finely divided particulate solids are removed from unconventional whole heavy petroleum crudes, heavy petroleum crude fractions, and residua, syncrudes and syncrude fractions, particularly shale oil and shale oil fractions, by the use of novel surface active agents. The surface active agent is characterized as an admixture of (I) a surfactant comprised of (A) an ethoxylated or propoxylated ester, or ester constituted of a 1,4 sorbitan skeleton to which at least one and up to three ethoxy, propoxy, or mixed ethoxy-propoxy, and at least one and up to three fatty acid substitutents are attached through oxygen to the 2,3,5 and 6 carbon atoms; and preferably this compound (A), or mixture thereof, is further admixed with (B) an organo sulfonic acid; and more preferably an admixture of (B) an organo sulfonic acid and (C) an ammonium ion substituted, a substituted ammonium ion substituted, or alkali metal substituted sulfonate. In its more preferred form, the surfactant (I) is admixed with (II) a demulsifier which is characterized as an ethoxylated, propoxylated, or mixed ethoxylated/propoxylated phenol formaldehyde resin substituted at a position para to said ethoxy and/or propoxy group, or groups, with a hydrocarboyl group. The surface active agent is admixed with the solids-containing oil, and in a first stage the mixture is emulsified with water, and heated, the novel surface active agent causing transfer of solids to the aqueous phase. An oil phase of reduced solids content is recovered from the first stage, and in a second stage it is again admixed with water, emulsified, heated, and then passed to an electric coaleser wherein a clean oil product suitable for use in refining operations is recovered.
摘要翻译: 通过使用新的表面活性剂,从非常规的整个重质石油原油,重质石油原油馏分和残渣,合成油和顺式馏分,特别是页岩油和页岩油馏分中除去非常细碎的颗粒固体。 表面活性剂的特征在于(I)包含(A)乙氧基化或丙氧基化酯或由1,4山梨糖醇骨架构成的酯的表面活性剂的混合物,至少一种和多至三种乙氧基,丙氧基或 混合的乙氧基 - 丙氧基,并且至少一个和三个脂肪酸取代基通过氧连接到2,3,5和6个碳原子; 并且优选将该化合物(A)或其混合物进一步与(B)有机磺酸混合; 更优选为(B)有机磺酸和(C)铵离子取代的取代的铵离子取代的或碱金属取代的磺酸盐的混合物。 在其更优选的形式中,表面活性剂(I)与(II)混合,破乳剂的特征在于在所述乙氧基和/或丙氧基的对位位置上被取代的乙氧基化,丙氧基化或混合的乙氧基化/丙氧基化的酚甲醛树脂, 或基团与烃基。 将表面活性剂与含固体的油混合,在第一阶段将混合物用水乳化并加热,使新型表面活性剂引起固体转移到水相中。 从第一阶段回收固体含量降低的油相,在第二阶段再次与水混合,乳化,加热,然后通过电动聚结器,其中回收适用于精炼操作的清洁油产品 。
-
3.
公开(公告)号:US4416754A
公开(公告)日:1983-11-22
申请号:US295793
申请日:1981-08-24
CPC分类号: B01F17/0028 , B01D12/00 , C10G31/08
摘要: Very finely divided particulate solids are removed from unconventional whole heavy petroleum crudes, heavy petroleum crude fractions, and residua, syncrudes and syncrude fractions, particularly shale oil and shale oil fractions, by the use of novel surface active agents. The surface active agent is characterized as an admixture of (I) a surfactant comprised of (A) an ethoxylated or propoxylated ester, or ester constituted of a 1,4 sorbitan skeleton to which at least one and up to three ethoxy, propoxy, or mixed ethoxy-propoxy, and at least one and up to three fatty acid substituents are attached through oxygen to the 2,3,5 and 6 carbon atoms; and preferably this compound (A), or mixture thereof, is further admixed with (B) an organo sulfonic acid; and more preferably an admixture of (B) an organo sulfonic acid and (C) an ammonium ion substituted, a substituted amonium ion substituted, or alkali metal substituted sulfonate. In its more preferred form, the surfactant, or admixture thereof, (I) is admixed with (II) a demulsifier which is characterized as an ethoxylated, propoxylated, or mixed ethoxylated/propoxylated phenol formaldehyde resin substituted at a position para to said ethoxy and/or propoxy group, or groups, with a hydrocarboyl group. The solids-containing oil and surface active agent, or agents, are emulsified with water, the novel surface active agents causing transfer of solids to the aqueous phase. The emulsion is preferably contacted in an electrostatic coaleser to coalesce the water and separate from the emulsion and water phases a clean oil product for use in refining operations.
摘要翻译: 通过使用新的表面活性剂,从非常规的整个重质石油原油,重质石油原油馏分和残渣,合成油和顺式馏分,特别是页岩油和页岩油馏分中除去非常细碎的颗粒固体。 表面活性剂的特征在于(I)包含(A)乙氧基化或丙氧基化酯或由1,4山梨糖醇骨架构成的酯的表面活性剂的混合物,至少一种和多至三种乙氧基,丙氧基或 混合的乙氧基丙氧基,并且至少一个和三个脂肪酸取代基通过氧连接到2,3,5和6个碳原子上; 并且优选将该化合物(A)或其混合物进一步与(B)有机磺酸混合; 更优选为(B)有机磺酸和(C)铵离子取代的取代的氨基离子取代的或碱金属取代的磺酸盐的混合物。 在其更优选的形式中,将表面活性剂或其混合物(I)与(II)混合,其破乳剂特征在于乙氧基化,丙氧基化或混合的乙氧基化/丙氧基化酚醛树脂在所述乙氧基的对位置取代, /或丙氧基,或基团与烃基。 含固体的油和表面活性剂或试剂用水乳化,新的表面活性剂引起固体转移到水相中。 乳液优选在静电聚结器中接触以聚结水并从乳液和水相分离清洁油产品以用于精炼操作。
-
公开(公告)号:US4407706A
公开(公告)日:1983-10-04
申请号:US295797
申请日:1981-08-24
CPC分类号: C10G29/20 , B01D12/00 , B01F17/0028 , B01F17/0085
摘要: Very finely divided particulate solids are removed from unconventional whole heavy petroleum crudes, heavy petroleum crude fractions, and residua, syncrudes and syncrude fractions, particularly shale oil and shale oil fractions, by the use of novel surface active agents. The surface active agent is characterized as an admixture of (I) a surfactant comprised of (A) an ethoxylated or propoxylated ester, or ester constituted of a 1,4 sorbitan skeleton to which at least one and up to three ethoxy, propoxy, or mixed ethoxy-propoxy, and at least one and up to three fatty acid substitutents are attached through oxygen to the 2,3,5 and 6 carbon atoms; and preferably this compound (A), or mixture thereof, is further admixed with (B) an organo sulfonic acid; and more preferably an admixture of (B) an organo sulfonic acid and (C) an ammonium ion substituted, a substituted ammonium ion substituted, or alkali metal substituted sulfonate. In its more preferred form, the surfactant (I) is admixed with (II) a demulsifier which is characterized as an ethoxylated, propoxylated, or mixed ethoxylated/propoxylated phenol formaldehyde resin substituted at a position para to said ethoxy and/or propoxy group, or groups, with a hydrocarboyl group. The surface active agent is admixed with the solids-containing oil, the mixture is emulsified with water, and heated, the novel surface active agent causing transfer of solids to the aqueous phase. The emulsion is contacted in an electrostatic coaleser to coalesce the water and separate from the emulsion and water phases a clean oil product for use in refining operations.
摘要翻译: 通过使用新的表面活性剂,从非常规的整个重质石油原油,重质石油原油馏分和残渣,合成油和顺式馏分,特别是页岩油和页岩油馏分中除去非常细碎的颗粒固体。 表面活性剂的特征在于(I)包含(A)乙氧基化或丙氧基化酯或由1,4山梨糖醇骨架构成的酯的表面活性剂的混合物,至少一种和多至三种乙氧基,丙氧基或 混合的乙氧基 - 丙氧基,并且至少一个和三个脂肪酸取代基通过氧连接到2,3,5和6个碳原子; 并且优选将该化合物(A)或其混合物进一步与(B)有机磺酸混合; 更优选为(B)有机磺酸和(C)铵离子取代的取代的铵离子取代的或碱金属取代的磺酸盐的混合物。 在其更优选的形式中,将表面活性剂(I)与(II)混合,破乳剂的特征在于在所述乙氧基和/或丙氧基的对位位置上被取代的乙氧基化,丙氧基化或混合的乙氧基化/丙氧基化的酚甲醛树脂, 或基团与烃基。 将表面活性剂与含固体的油混合,将混合物用水乳化并加热,使新型表面活性剂将固体转移到水相中。 乳液在静电聚结器中接触以聚结水并从乳液和水相分离清洁的油产品以用于精炼操作。
-
公开(公告)号:US4150900A
公开(公告)日:1979-04-24
申请号:US838558
申请日:1977-09-30
申请人: Dean L. Smith, Jr. , Barry L. Tarmy
发明人: Dean L. Smith, Jr. , Barry L. Tarmy
CPC分类号: B01F7/22 , B01F7/1675 , B01F7/00591 , B01J2219/00777
摘要: A mixing system which prevents accumulation of buoyant stagnant particles on the liquid surface and produces substantially uniform outlet slurry concentrations, comprising a tank having partial baffles in combination with an agitator. The baffle designs may be suitable for variable or constant level tanks depending upon the particular design selected and basically includes a plurality of baffles located within the tank substantially at or just below the liquid surface. These baffles are spaced about the tank wall and for a constant level agitated tank can be secured to the wall at a fixed location. In the case of variable level tanks the baffles can be maintained at the desired location by means of a floating member.Another embodiment locates the baffles as mentioned above and further provides a centrally located draft tube located above the agitator. Still another embodiment for variable level tanks locates narrow fixed baffles extending substantially from the liquid surface to the bottom of the tank.
摘要翻译: 一种混合系统,其防止浮力滞留颗粒积聚在液体表面上并产生基本均匀的出口浆料浓度,包括具有与搅拌器组合的部分挡板的罐。 取决于所选择的具体设计,挡板设计可以适用于可变或恒定水平的罐,并且基本上包括位于槽内的多个挡板,基本上位于或刚好在液面下方。 这些挡板围绕罐壁间隔开,并且恒定水平的搅拌罐可以在固定位置固定到墙壁上。 在可变水平箱的情况下,挡板可以通过浮动构件保持在期望的位置。
-
公开(公告)号:US5275726A
公开(公告)日:1994-01-04
申请号:US921872
申请日:1992-07-29
CPC分类号: B01D63/10
摘要: An improved spiral wound element for separations is disclosed wherein the improvement comprises using as the feed/retentate space one or more layers of a material having an open cross-sectional area in the range 30 to 70% and as the permeate spacer material at least three layers of material two of which are fine and have an open cross-sectional area of about 10 to 50% surrounding a coarse layer having an open cross-sectional area of about 50 to 90%.
摘要翻译: 公开了一种用于分离的改进的螺旋缠绕元件,其中改进包括使用一层或多层具有在30-70%范围内的开口横截面积的材料作为进料/滞留物空间,并且作为渗透物间隔物材料至少三个 其中两层材料是细的并且具有围绕具有约50至90%的敞开横截面积的粗糙层的约10至50%的敞开横截面积。
-
公开(公告)号:US5238563A
公开(公告)日:1993-08-24
申请号:US921875
申请日:1992-07-29
申请人: Dean L. Smith, Jr. , Charles P. Darnell , Tan-Jen Chen , Richard J. Basile , Burghard H. Ruterbories , David H. Hopkins
发明人: Dean L. Smith, Jr. , Charles P. Darnell , Tan-Jen Chen , Richard J. Basile , Burghard H. Ruterbories , David H. Hopkins
摘要: A multi-element housing is disclosed for the containment of multiple membrane separation elements in parallel. The multi-element housing is characterized in that the elements are grouped in parallel with a feed/retentate zone, defined by a space enclosed by two tube sheets arranged at the same end of the elements. The central mandrels of the elements pass through the feed/retentate zone space defined by the two tube sheets and empty permeate outside the defined space into a permeate collection zone from which it is removed, while the tube sheet directly attached to the element is in open relationship to the interior of the membrane element and retentate accumulates in the space between the top tube sheet and the bottom tube sheet from which it is removed.
-
-
-
-
-
-