公开(公告)号：US07429343B2

公开(公告)日：2008-09-30

申请号：US10502346

申请日：2003-01-08

申请人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

发明人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

IPC分类号： B29C65/00 ,  B01D67/00

CPC分类号： B01D67/0018 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D67/0027 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/26 ,  B01D2323/38 ,  B01D2325/022 ,  B01D2325/026 ,  B29C67/202

摘要： Process for producing an integrally asymmetrical hydrophobic polyolefinic membrane with a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support structure and a separation layer with a denser structure, using a thermally induced liquid-liquid phase separation process. A solution of at least one polyolefin is extruded to form a shaped object. The solvent used is one for which the demixing temperature of a solution of 25% by weight of the polyolefin in this solvent is 10 to 70° C. above the solidification temperature. After leaving the die, the shaped object is cooled using a liquid cooling medium that does not dissolve the polymer up to the die temperature, until the phase separation and solidification of the high-polymer-content phase take place. The integrally asymmetrical membrane producible in this manner has a porosity of greater than 30% to 75% by volume, a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support layer without macrovoids and with on average isotropic pores, and on at least one of its surfaces a separation layer with pores

摘要翻译： 使用热诱导的液 - 液相分离方法制造具有海绵状，开孔，微孔载体结构的整体不对称的疏水性聚烯烃膜和具有更致密结构的分离层的方法。 将至少一种聚烯烃的溶液挤出以形成成形物体。 使用的溶剂是在该溶剂中25重量％聚烯烃的溶液的分层温度高于固化温度10-70℃的溶剂。 在离开模具之后，使用不溶解聚合物直至模具温度的液体冷却介质来冷却成型物体，直到发生高分子含量相的相分离和凝固。 以这种方式可生产的整体不对称膜具有大于30体积％至75体积％的孔隙率，不具有大孔和具有平均各向同性孔的海绵状，开孔，微孔支撑层，并且在其至少一个 表面具有<100nm孔径的分离层（如果有的话）。 膜优选用于气体分离或气体转移过程，特别是用于血液氧合。

公开(公告)号：US06497752B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-24

申请号：US09868593

申请日：2001-08-24

申请人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

发明人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

IPC分类号： B01D5322

CPC分类号： B01D67/0018 ,  B01D67/0027 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/26 ,  B01D2325/022

摘要： Process for producing integrally asymmetrical hydrophobic polyolefinic membranes with a separation layer, in particular for gas exchange, via thermally induced liquid-liquid phase separation. A solution of at least one polyolefin in a solvent system containing a compound A and a compound B is extruded to form a shaped object. Compound A is a strong solvent and compound B a weak non-solvent for the polymer. After leaving the die, the shaped object is cooled using a solid or liquid cooling medium, which does not dissolve the polymer and does not react chemically with it, until the phase separation and solidification of the high-polymer-content phase take place. The integrally asymmetrical membrane producible in this manner has a porosity of greater than 30% to 75% by volume, a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support layer without macrovoids and on average isotropic pores, a separation layer on at least one of its surfaces with pores

摘要翻译： 通过热诱导的液 - 液相分离制备具有分离层，特别是用于气体交换的整体不对称疏水性聚烯烃膜的方法。 将至少一种聚烯烃在含有化合物A和化合物B的溶剂体系中的溶液挤出以形成成形物体。 化合物A是强溶剂，化合物B是聚合物的弱非溶剂。 离开模具后，使用固体或液体冷却介质冷却成形物体，其不溶解聚合物并且不与其发生化学反应，直到发生高分子量含量相的相分离和凝固。 以这种方式生产的整体不对称膜具有大于30体积％至75体积％的孔隙率，不具有大孔和平均各向同性孔的海绵状，开孔，微孔支撑层，在至少一个 其表面具有小于100nm的孔（如果有的话）和至少为1的气体分离因子α（CO 2 / N 2）。膜优选用于血氧。

公开(公告)号：US06375876B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-23

申请号：US09869153

申请日：2001-09-04

申请人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

发明人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

IPC分类号： B29C6500

CPC分类号： B01D67/0018 ,  B01D67/0027 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/26 ,  B01D2323/08 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  B01D2325/022 ,  B01D2325/026 ,  C08J9/28

摘要： Process for producing an integrally asymmetrical hydrophobic polyolefinic membrane with a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support structure and a separation layer with a denser structure compared to the support structure, via a thermally induced liquid-liquid phase separation process. A solution of at least one polyolefin in a solvent system consisting of a compound A and a compound B is extruded to form a shaped object. Compound A is a weak solvent and compound B a non-solvent for the polymer. After leaving the die, the shaped object is cooled using a solid or liquid cooling medium that does not dissolve or react chemically with the polymer at temperatures up to the die temperature, until the phase separation and solidification of the high-polymer-content phase take place.

摘要翻译： 通过热诱导的液 - 液相分离方法制备具有海绵状，开孔，微孔载体结构的整体不对称的疏水聚烯烃膜和具有比载体结构更致密结构的分离层的方法。 将至少一种聚烯烃在由化合物A和化合物B组成的溶剂体系中的溶液挤出以形成成形物体。 化合物A是弱溶剂，化合物B是聚合物的非溶剂。 离开模具后，使用固体或液体冷却介质冷却成型物体，该固体或液体冷却介质在高达模具温度的温度下不与聚合物溶解或化学反应，直到高分子量含量相的相分离和凝固 地点。

公开(公告)号：US20050145107A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-07

申请号：US10502346

申请日：2003-01-08

申请人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

发明人： Erich Kessler ,  Thomas Batzilla ,  Friedbert Wechs ,  Frank Wiese

IPC分类号： A61M1/18 ,  B01D53/22 ,  B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/26 ,  B29C67/20

CPC分类号： B01D67/0018 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D67/0027 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/26 ,  B01D2323/38 ,  B01D2325/022 ,  B01D2325/026 ,  B29C67/202

摘要： Process for producing an integrally asymmetrical hydrophobic polyolefinic membrane with a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support structure and a separation layer with a denser structure, using a thermally induced liquid-liquid phase separation process. A solution of at least one polyolefin is extruded to form a shaped object. The solvent used is one for which the demixing temperature of a solution of 25% by weight of the polyolefin in this solvent is 10 to 70° C. above the solidification temperature. After leaving the die, the shaped object is cooled using a liquid cooling medium that does not dissolve the polymer up to the die temperature, until the phase separation and solidification of the high-polymer-content phase take place. The integrally asymmetrical membrane producible in this manner has a porosity of greater than 30% to 75% by volume, a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support layer without macrovoids and with on average isotropic pores, and on at least one of its surfaces a separation layer with pores

摘要翻译： 使用热诱导的液 - 液相分离方法制造具有海绵状，开孔，微孔载体结构的整体不对称的疏水性聚烯烃膜和具有更致密结构的分离层的方法。 将至少一种聚烯烃的溶液挤出以形成成形物体。 使用的溶剂是在该溶剂中25重量％聚烯烃的溶液的分层温度高于固化温度10-70℃的溶剂。 在离开模具之后，使用不溶解聚合物直至模具温度的液体冷却介质来冷却成型物体，直到发生高分子含量相的相分离和凝固。 以这种方式生产的整体不对称膜具有大于30体积％至75体积％的孔隙率，不具有大孔和平均各向同性孔的海绵状，开孔，微孔支撑层，并且在其至少一个 表面具有<100nm孔径的分离层（如果有的话）。 膜优选用于气体分离或气体转移过程，特别是用于血液氧合。

公开(公告)号：US06409921B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-25

申请号：US09463316

申请日：2000-02-28

申请人： Marcus O. Müller ,  Erich Kessler ,  Ralf R. Hornscheidt ,  Frank Wiese ,  Armin J. Lang

发明人： Marcus O. Müller ,  Erich Kessler ,  Ralf R. Hornscheidt ,  Frank Wiese ,  Armin J. Lang

IPC分类号： A61M118

CPC分类号： B01D67/0018 ,  B01D67/0027 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/26 ,  B01D2325/022 ,  G01N27/40 ,  G01N27/404

摘要： Process for producing hydrophobic polyolefinic membranes for gas exchange via thermally induced liquid-liquid phase separation is disclosed. A solution of at least one polyolefin in a solvent system, of a compound A and a compound B having a viscosity less than 60 mPa s, is extruded to form a shaped object. The compound A is a solvent and compound B preferably a non-solvent of the polymer, and the boiling point of compound A is at least 50° C. higher than that of compound B. After the shaped object leaves the die, at least one surface thereof is subjected to an atmosphere promoting evaporation of compound B, and the shaped object is subsequently cooled until the phase separation and solidification of the high-polymer-content phase take place. The integrally asymmetrical membrane producible in this manner has a porosity of greater than 50% to 75% by volume, a sponge-like, open-pored, microporous support layer without macrovoids and on average isotropic pores, and at least one separation layer with pores

摘要翻译： 公开了通过热诱导的液 - 液相分离制备用于气体交换的疏水聚烯烃膜的方法。 将至少一种聚烯烃在溶剂体系中的化合物A和粘度小于60mPa·s的化合物B的溶液挤出以形成成形物体。 化合物A是溶剂，化合物B优选为聚合物的非溶剂，化合物A的沸点比化合物B的沸点高至少50℃。成形物离开模头后，至少一个 其表面经受促进化合物B蒸发的气氛，随后冷却成形物体直到发生高分子含量相的相分离和固化。 以这种方式可生产的整体不对称膜具有大于50体积％至75体积％的孔隙率，没有大孔和平均各向同性孔的海绵状，开孔，微孔支撑层，以及至少一个具有孔的分离层 <100nm，如果有的话。 该膜优选用于血氧合。

公开(公告)号：US4564488A

公开(公告)日：1986-01-14

申请号：US456758

申请日：1983-01-10

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Erich Kessler

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Erich Kessler

IPC分类号： B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B29C67/20 ,  C08J9/28 ,  D01D5/24 ,  D01D5/247 ,  B29C47/00 ,  C08J9/26

CPC分类号： B01D71/26 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D69/087 ,  B29C67/205 ,  C08J9/28 ,  D01D5/24 ,  D01D5/247 ,  C08J2201/0543 ,  C08J2201/0546

摘要： The invention concerns porous fibers and membranes, methods for their preparation and for their use. The fibers are characterized by a smooth porous surface and an apparent density of between about 10 and 90% of the true density of the polymeric starting material employed. The process involves the formation of a homogeneous mixture of at least two components, one of which is a meltable polymer and another liquid inert with respect to the polymer. The mixture formed must be of a binary type, in which there is a temperature range of complete miscibility and a range in which there is a miscibility gap. The mixture is extruded at a temperature above the separation temperature into a bath containing at least some of the inert liquid which is at a temperature below the separation temperature. Upon introduction of the mixture into the bath, the fiber structure of the product is fixed.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及多孔纤维和膜，其制备方法和用途。 纤维的特征在于光滑的多孔表面和表观密度为所用聚合物原料的真实密度的约10至90％。 该方法包括形成至少两种组分的均匀混合物，其中一种是可熔融聚合物，另一种是相对于聚合物惰性的液体。 形成的混合物必须是二元型，其中存在完全混溶性的温度范围和存在混合间隙的范围。 将混合物在高于分离温度的温度下挤出至含有至少一些惰性液体的浴中，该惰性液体的温度低于分离温度。 当将混合物引入浴中时，产品的纤维结构是固定的。

公开(公告)号：US4708799A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-24

申请号：US777844

申请日：1985-09-17

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Erich Kessler ,  Werner Henne

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Erich Kessler ,  Werner Henne

IPC分类号： B01D69/08 ,  A61K35/14 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/18 ,  B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D71/26 ,  C08J9/28 ,  D01D5/24 ,  B01D39/00 ,  D02G3/00

CPC分类号： D01D5/24 ,  B01D69/08 ,  Y10T428/2935 ,  Y10T428/2975

摘要： A method for production of porous hollow polymer fiber membranes. A homogeneous mixture is prepared from at least two components where one component is a fusible polymer (10 to 30 percent) and a solvent component (70-90%) is inert relative to the polymer and where said components form a binary system having in the liquid state a region of complete miscibility as well as a miscibility gap. The mixture is extruded at a temperature above the phase segregation temperature of the mixture through a hollow fiber nozzle into a spinning tube containing a solvent inert to the polymer and having a temperature below the segregation temperature. Fiber and liquid are moved in the spinning tube in the same direction at about the same speed. After solidification the hollow fiber membrane is washed with a solvent.A liquid mixture containing biological cells and macromolecules is passed through the membrane produced for filtration and a filtration factor for human blood proteins with molecular weights of from about 60,000 to 3 million results of at least about 0.7.

摘要翻译： 一种生产多孔中空聚合物纤维膜的方法。 从至少两种组分制备均匀的混合物，其中一种组分是易熔聚合物（10％至30％），溶剂组分（70-90％）相对于聚合物是惰性的，并且其中所述组分形成二元体系， 液体状态是完全混溶的区域以及混溶性间隙。 将混合物在高于混合物的相分离温度的温度下通过中空纤维喷嘴挤出到含有对聚合物为惰性且温度低于分离温度的溶剂的纺丝管中。 纤维和液体以大致相同的速度在相同方向上在纺丝管中移动。 固化后，用溶剂洗涤中空纤维膜。 将含有生物细胞和大分子的液体混合物通过生产用于过滤的膜和用于人血液蛋白的过滤因子，其分子量为约6万至3百万个结果为至少约0.7。

公开(公告)号：US4434250A

公开(公告)日：1984-02-28

申请号：US335393

申请日：1981-12-29

申请人： Erich Kessler

发明人： Erich Kessler

IPC分类号： B29B7/00 ,  B29C47/00 ,  B29C47/20 ,  B29C47/88 ,  B29C47/92 ,  B29C67/20 ,  B29K105/04 ,  B29L23/00 ,  C08J9/28 ,  B29D27/00 ,  B29F3/04

CPC分类号： B29C47/20 ,  B29C67/205 ,  C08J9/28 ,  B29C47/0023 ,  B29K2105/0073 ,  C08J2201/0543 ,  C08J2201/0546

摘要： Method and apparatus for the production of porous tubing. One extrudes a homogeneous mixture of at least two components, one component a meltable polymer and the other component a liquid inert in relation to the polymer, both components forming a binary system which in liquid aggregate state displays a range of complete miscibility and a range with a miscibility gap, at a temperature above the separation temperature, substantially vertically upwardly using a circular slot nozzle and blowing of gas or dosing-in of liquid into the interior of the nozzle, into a bath, which displays a temperature below the separation temperature, allows the tubing to solidify, and extracts or lixiviates the tubing. Preferred embodiments include the use of water at a temperature from 15.degree. to 90.degree. C. as bath liquid; use of polypropylene as the polymer and N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-hexadecylamine as liquid; blowing nitrogen gas into the interior of the nozzle; lixiviating with alcohol; thermally insulating the circular slot nozzle from the bath; having a non-insulated zone between the circular slot and the thermal insulation; the non-insulated zone of the nozzle having a breadth of about 0.5 to 1 mm; using thermal insulation based upon asbestos cement. The apparatus for the production of the porous tubing by extrusion of such homogeneous mixture contains a circular slot nozzle, having a circular slot and provided with means thermally insulating in relation to the bath liquid, displaying a zone without thermal insulation between said circular slot and said thermally means.

摘要翻译： 用于生产多孔管的方法和设备。 一个挤出至少两个组分的均匀混合物，一个组分是可熔融聚合物，另一个组分是相对于聚合物惰性的液体，两个组分形成二元体系，其以液体聚集状态显示出一系列完全混溶性， 在高于分离温度的温度下，使用圆形狭缝喷嘴基本上垂直向上的混合间隙，将气体吹入或喷入喷嘴内部的液体进入浴中，该浴显示出低于分离温度的温度， 允许管道固化，并提取或浸泡管道。 优选的实施方案包括使用15℃至90℃的水作为浴液; 使用聚丙烯作为聚合物和N，N-双 - （2-羟乙基） - 十六胺作为液体; 将氮气吹入喷嘴的内部; 用酒精浸泡; 将圆形狭槽喷嘴与浴槽隔热; 在圆形槽和绝热之间具有非绝缘区; 所述喷嘴的非绝缘区域具有约0.5至1mm的宽度; 使用基于石棉水泥的保温。 用于通过挤出这种均匀混合物生产多孔管的装置包含一个圆形狭缝喷嘴，该圆形狭缝喷嘴具有一个圆形槽并且设置有相对于浴液热绝缘的装置，在所述圆形槽和所述 热意味着。

公开(公告)号：US4482254A

公开(公告)日：1984-11-13

申请号：US464560

申请日：1983-02-07

申请人： Erich Kessler ,  Alfons Leeb

发明人： Erich Kessler ,  Alfons Leeb

IPC分类号： B01F5/00 ,  B01F7/00 ,  B01F13/10 ,  B29B7/42 ,  B01F7/24

CPC分类号： B01F7/00808 ,  B01F13/1025 ,  B01F13/1027 ,  B29B7/421 ,  B01F2005/0002

摘要： An apparatus and method for mixing two or more distinct fluids is disclosed, and which includes a housing, a sleeve fixedly mounted in the housing and defining a mixing chamber, and a rotatable mixing head having a grooved outer surface disposed in the mixing chamber. At least one of the fluids is fed radially through the sleeve and into the mixing chamber, so as to be sheared and highly dispersed in the mixing chamber by contact with the rotating mixing head. In one embodiment, the sleeve includes a plurality of distinct openings for permitting the passage of the fluid, and in another embodiment the sleeve is composed of a porous metallic material, with the pores of the material defining the openings for the passage of the fluid.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于混合两种或多种不同流体的装置和方法，其包括壳体，固定地安装在壳体中并限定混合室的套筒以及具有设置在混合室中的开槽外表面的可旋转混合头。 至少一种流体径向地通过套筒进入混合室，以便通过与旋转的混合头接触而被剪切并高度分散在混合室中。 在一个实施例中，套筒包括用于允许流体通过的多个不同的开口，并且在另一个实施例中，套筒由多孔金属材料构成，该材料的孔限定用于流体通过的开口。

公开(公告)号：US4396366A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-02

申请号：US419890

申请日：1982-09-20

申请人： Erich Kessler ,  Peter Birken

发明人： Erich Kessler ,  Peter Birken

IPC分类号： D01F8/04 ,  D01D5/30 ,  D01D5/36 ,  D01F8/14 ,  A21C3/00

CPC分类号： D01F8/14 ,  D01D5/36

摘要： A multi-component filament consisting of at least two polymer components and having a cross-section in which a matrix component separates several peripherally arranged segments of one or more segment components from each other, and a process for the production of such matrix/segment filaments, wherein the segment component is injected into the matrix component and fed to the spinneret opening in a combined stream with a plurality of segment components separated by the matrix. The multicomponent filament can be drawn to obtain individual microfilaments of less than 1 dtex after splitting, e.g. by false twist texturing.

摘要翻译： 一种由至少两种聚合物组分组成并且具有其中基质组分将一个或多个链段组分的多个外围排列的片段彼此分离的横截面的多组分长丝，以及用于生产这种基质/链段长丝 其中，所述段成分被注入到所述基质成分中，并以与所述基质分离的多个段成分的组合流进料到所述喷丝头开口。 可以拉伸多组分长丝以获得分裂后小于1分特的单个微丝，例如。 通过假捻纹理。