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公开(公告)号：US09802154B2
公开(公告)日：2017-10-31
申请号：US14578828
申请日：2014-12-22
Applicant: Fuel Tech, Inc.
Inventor： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
CPC classification number: B01D53/68 , B01D53/502 , B01D53/508 , B01D53/64 , B01D53/685 , B01D53/80 , B01D2251/402 , B01D2251/404 , B01D2251/80 , B01D2253/112 , B01D2253/304 , B01D2257/2045 , B01D2257/302 , B01D2258/0283 , B01J20/0237 , B01J20/0274 , B01J20/0281 , B01J20/0296 , B01J20/041 , B01J20/28004 , B01J2220/42
Abstract: Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides, and sulfur dioxide in particular, and/or HCl and/or Hg in a process employing a combination of a lime-based sorbent, in particular hydrated lime and/or dolomitic hydrated lime, and a sorbent doping agent administered to achieve coverage of a three-dimensional cross section of a passage carrying SOx and/or HCl and/or Hg-containing gases with a short but effective residence time at a temperature effective to provide significant sulfur dioxide and/or HCl and/or Hg reductions with high rates of reaction and sorbent utilization. The once-through, dry process can advantageously introduce the sorbent and sorbent doping agent dry or preferably as a slurry to enable uniform treatment. Preferred sorbent doping agents include water-soluble or water-dispersible copper and/or iron compositions which can be heated to an active form in situ by the flue gases being treated.
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2.发明授权Ash compositions recovered from coal combustion gases having reduced emissions of HCI and/or mercury 有权从具有减少HCI和/或汞排放的煤燃烧气体中回收的灰分组合物公开(公告)号：US09399597B2
公开(公告)日：2016-07-26
申请号：US14468978
申请日：2014-08-26
Applicant: FUEL TECH, INC.
Inventor： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
CPC classification number: C04B7/26 , B01D53/64 , B01D53/685 , B01D2253/112 , B01D2253/304 , B01D2257/2045 , B01D2257/602 , B01D2258/0283 , B01J20/043 , B01J20/223
Abstract: The description relates to production of fly ash with properties suitable for use in Portland cement. The fly ash compositions will contain coal ash, water-insoluble copper compositions and metallic mercury adsorbed onto ash particles. In one aspect, the coal ash composition will have a total mercury content of from 0.1 to 2.0 ppm and the water-soluble mercury is less than 20% of the total mercury content. The process entails combusting coal to produce hot combustion gases containing fly ash, CO2, chlorine, and mercury, cooling the combustion gases and introducing into the combustion gases at a temperature of less than 1000° F., preferably within the range of from about 250° to about 900° F., a copper-based chloride remediator (CBCR), and collecting the fly ash which comprises insoluble copper compositions and water insoluble mercury compositions.
Abstract translation: 该描述涉及具有适合用于波特兰水泥的性能的飞灰的生产。 飞灰组合物将含有煤灰，水不溶性铜组合物和吸附在灰尘颗粒上的金属汞。 一方面，煤灰组合物的总汞含量为0.1-2.0ppm，水溶性汞小于总汞含量的20％。 该过程需要燃烧煤以产生含有飞灰，CO 2，氯和汞的热燃烧气体，冷却燃烧气体并在低于1000°F的温度下引入燃烧气体，优选在约250°F °至约900°F，铜基氯化物修复剂（CBCR），并收集包含不溶性铜组合物和水不溶性汞组合物的飞灰。
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3.发明授权Dry processes, apparatus compositions and systems for reducing mercury, sulfur oxides and HCl 有权用于减少汞，硫氧化物和HCl的干法，装置组合物和系统公开(公告)号：US08992868B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-31
申请号：US13873668
申请日：2013-04-30
Applicant: Fuel Tech, Inc.
Inventor： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Mingming Fang , Ian Saratovsky
CPC classification number: B01D53/64 , B01D53/507 , B01D53/79 , B01D53/80 , B01D2251/402 , B01D2251/404 , B01D2251/608 , B01D2251/80 , B01D2253/11 , B01D2259/126 , B01J20/0237 , B01J20/043 , B01J20/06 , B01J20/223 , F23J15/003 , F23J15/025 , F23J2215/20 , F23J2215/60
Abstract: Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of mercury and optionally sulfur oxides and/or HCl. In an embodiment the copper-based mercury remediation composition comprises a copper ammonium complex having an empirical formula of C2H7CuNO2 or any of the other materials described, which include compositions defined by the formula Cu(NH3)x(lower carboxylate)y, wherein the lower carboxylate is selected from the group consisting of formate, acetate and propionate, x is an integer from 0 to 4, y is an integer from 0 to 2, and x+y is equal to or greater than 1. Sulfur oxides and/or HCl can be additionally reduced by introduction of dolomite hydrate sorbent, and additional mercury remediation chemicals as manganese oxides can be employed. The treated gas stream is treated with a particulate removal device.
Abstract translation: 提供干法，装置，组合物和系统，用于减少汞和任选的硫氧化物和/或HCl的排放。 在一个实施方案中，铜基汞修复组合物包含具有经验式C2H7CuNO2或所述其它材料的任何其它材料的铜铵络合物，其包括由式Cu（NH 3）x（低级羧酸酯）y定义的组成，其中下部 羧酸盐选自甲酸盐，乙酸盐和丙酸盐，x是0至4的整数，y是0至2的整数，x + y等于或大于1.硫氧化物和/或HCl 可以通过引入白云石水合物吸附剂另外减少，并且可以使用另外的汞修复化学品作为氧化锰。 处理后的气流用微粒去除装置处理。
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公开(公告)号：US11008704B2
公开(公告)日：2021-05-18
申请号：US15665564
申请日：2017-08-01
Applicant: Fuel Tech, Inc.
Inventor： Chrstopher R. Smyrniotis , Ian Saratovsky , Edward G. Schaub , Scott Bohlen
Abstract: Disclosed is a process for reducing slag in a black liquor recovery boiler, the process comprising: injecting and burning black liquor in a boiler by contacting it with primary air and secondary air; introducing a slag-reducing chemical into the gases above the injection locations through interlaced, tangential or concentric secondary, tertiary, and/or quarternary air ports.
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公开(公告)号：US10166507B2
公开(公告)日：2019-01-01
申请号：US15162882
申请日：2016-05-24
Applicant: Fuel Tech, Inc.
Inventor： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
Abstract: The invention relates to processes for reducing emissions of hydrochloric acid (HCl) to moderate pollution to the environment and achieve regulatory compliance in a cost-effective manner. In embodiments described below, the invention deals with reducing HCl and does not require a sorbent but utilizes an aqueous composition we term a copper-bearing chloride remediator (CBCR). In one general case, the CBCR can be a member selected from the group consisting of compositions defined by the formula Cu(NH3)x(carbonate or lower carboxylate)y, wherein the lower carboxylate is selected from the group consisting of formate, acetate and propionate, x is an integer from 0 to 4, y is an integer from 0 to 2, and x+y is equal to or greater than 1.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US20160263521A1
公开(公告)日：2016-09-15
申请号：US15162882
申请日：2016-05-24
Applicant: Fuel Tech, Inc.
Inventor： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
CPC classification number: B01D53/68 , B01D53/75 , B01D53/79 , B01D2251/60 , B01D2251/606 , B01D2251/80 , B01D2257/2045 , B01D2258/0283 , B01D2258/0291
Abstract: The invention relates to processes for reducing emissions of hydrochloric acid (HCl) to moderate pollution to the environment and achieve regulatory compliance in a cost-effective manner. In embodiments described below, the invention deals with reducing HCl and does not require a sorbent but utilizes an aqueous composition we term a copper-bearing chloride remediator (CBCR). In one general case, the CBCR can be a member selected from the group consisting of compositions defined by the formula Cu(NH3)x(carbonate or lower carboxylate)y, wherein the lower carboxylate is selected from the group consisting of formate, acetate and propionate, x is an integer from 0 to 4, y is an integer from 0 to 2, and x+y is equal to or greater than 1.
Abstract translation: 本发明涉及减少盐酸（HCl）排放量以缓解环境污染的方法，并以成本有效的方式实现法规遵从。 在下面描述的实施方案中，本发明涉及还原HCl，并且不需要吸附剂，而是使用我们称为含铜氯化物修复剂（CBCR）的含水组合物。 在一般情况下，CBCR可以是选自由式Cu（NH 3）x（碳酸酯或低级羧酸酯）y定义的组成的组中的成员，其中低级羧酸酯选自甲酸根，乙酸根和 丙酸酯，x为0〜4的整数，y为0〜2的整数，x + y为1以上。
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7.发明授权Processes, apparatus, compositions and systems for reducing emissions of HCI and/or sulfur oxides 有权用于减少HCI和/或硫氧化物排放的方法，设备，组合物和系统公开(公告)号：US09393518B2
公开(公告)日：2016-07-19
申请号：US14190451
申请日：2014-02-26
Applicant: FUEL TECH, INC.
Inventor： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
CPC classification number: B01D53/68 , B01D53/507 , B01D2251/60 , B01D2251/80 , B01D2257/2045 , B01D2258/0283 , B01D2259/124 , F23J2215/20 , F23J2215/30
Abstract: HCl and sulfur oxides are reduced by treating combustion gases with an aqueous copper compound referred to as copper-based chloride remediator (CBCR). The process is preferably implemented by identifying locations within a combustor for feeding the CBCR, determining the physical form and injection parameters for the CBCR and injecting the CBCR under conditions effective to reduce HCl and/or sulfur oxides. Effective temperatures for introducing the CBCRs can be from about 250° to 900° F. for HCl and up to about 2200° F. for sulfur oxides. Preferred CBCRs include copper and an ammonia moiety. One composition is copper diammonium diacetate, empirical formula of C2H7CuNO2. CBCR compositions are not sorbents and chemically convert HCl from a gaseous to a solid form.
Abstract translation: 通过用称为铜基氯化物修复剂（CBCR）的铜水溶液处理燃烧气体来减少HCl和硫氧化物。 该方法优选通过识别用于供给CBCR的燃烧器内的位置，确定CBCR的物理形式和注入参数并在有效降低HCl和/或硫氧化物的条件下注入CBCR来实现。 用于引入CBCR的有效温度可以为HCl的约250°至900°F，对于硫氧化物可高达约2200°F。 优选的CBCR包括铜和氨部分。 一种组成是二乙酸铜二铵，经验式为C 2 H 7 CuNO 2。 CBCR组合物不是吸附剂，并将HCl从气态化学转化成固体形式。
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公开(公告)号：US20160016113A1
公开(公告)日：2016-01-21
申请号：US14870366
申请日：2015-09-30
Applicant: FUEL TECH, INC.
Inventor： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
CPC classification number: B01D53/68 , B01D53/507 , B01D53/64 , B01D53/77 , B01D2251/60 , B01D2251/80 , B01D2257/2045 , B01D2257/302 , B01D2257/602 , B01D2258/0233 , F23J15/003 , F23J2215/20 , F23J2215/30 , F23J2215/60 , F27B7/2025 , F27D17/008
Abstract: The description relates to reducing hydrochloric acid in cement kilns. In one aspect, an aqueous copper-based chloride remediator is introduced into contact with combustion gases from a cement kiln. Injection is made into a defined introduction zone under conditions effective for HCl emissions control wherein the temperature is within the range of from 300° F. to 800° F., preferably from 550° F. to 750° F. The resulting d gases are discharged from the defined zone following sufficient reaction time to reduce the HCl concentration in the gases.
Abstract translation: 该描述涉及在水泥窑中还原盐酸。 在一个方面，引入水性铜基氯化物补救剂与来自水泥窑的燃烧气体接触。 在有效用于HCl排放控制的条件下，将注入物制成定义的引入区，其中温度在300°F至800°F范围内，优选为550°F至750°F。所得d气体为 在足够的反应时间后从限定区排出，以减少气体中的HCl浓度。
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9.发明申请Ash Compositions Recovered from Coal Combustion Gases Having Reduced Emissions of HCl and/or Mercury 有权从具有减少HCl和/或汞排放的煤燃烧气体回收的灰分组合物公开(公告)号：US20140360409A1
公开(公告)日：2014-12-11
申请号：US14468978
申请日：2014-08-26
Applicant: FUEL TECH, INC.
Inventor： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
CPC classification number: C04B7/26 , B01D53/64 , B01D53/685 , B01D2253/112 , B01D2253/304 , B01D2257/2045 , B01D2257/602 , B01D2258/0283 , B01J20/043 , B01J20/223
Abstract: The description relates to production of fly ash with properties suitable for use in Portland cement. The fly ash compositions will contain coal ash, water-insoluble copper compositions and metallic mercury adsorbed onto ash particles. In one aspect, the coal ash composition will have a total mercury content of from 0.1 to 2.0 ppm and the water-soluble mercury is less than 20% of the total mercury content. The process entails combusting coal to produce hot combustion gases containing fly ash, CO2, chlorine, and mercury, cooling the combustion gases and introducing into the combustion gases at a temperature of less than 1000° F., preferably within the range of from about 250° to about 900° F., a copper-based chloride remediator (CBCR), and collecting the fly ash which comprises insoluble copper compositions and water insoluble mercury compositions.
Abstract translation: 该描述涉及具有适合用于波特兰水泥的性能的飞灰的生产。 飞灰组合物将含有煤灰，水不溶性铜组合物和吸附在灰尘颗粒上的金属汞。 一方面，煤灰组合物的总汞含量为0.1-2.0ppm，水溶性汞小于总汞含量的20％。 该过程需要燃烧煤以产生含有飞灰，CO 2，氯和汞的热燃烧气体，冷却燃烧气体并在低于1000°F的温度下引入燃烧气体，优选在约250°F °至约900°F，铜基氯化物修复剂（CBCR），并收集包含不溶性铜组合物和水不溶性汞组合物的飞灰。
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10.发明申请Processes, Apparatus, Compositions and Systems for Reducing Emissions of HCl and/or Sulfur Oxides 有权用于减少HCl和/或硫氧化物排放的方法，装置，组合物和系统公开(公告)号：US20140314650A1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-23
申请号：US14190451
申请日：2014-02-26
Applicant: FUEL TECH, INC.
Inventor： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
CPC classification number: B01D53/68 , B01D53/507 , B01D2251/60 , B01D2251/80 , B01D2257/2045 , B01D2258/0283 , B01D2259/124 , F23J2215/20 , F23J2215/30
Abstract: The description relates to reducing emissions of HCl and sulfur oxides by treating combustion gases with an aqueous copper compound referred to as copper-based chloride remediator (CBCR). The process is preferably implemented by identifying locations within a combustor for feeding the CBCR, determining the physical form and injection parameters for the CBCR and injecting the CBCR under conditions effective to reduce HCl and/or sulfur oxides. Effective temperatures for introducing the copper-based chloride remediators are preferably within the range of from about 250° to 900° F. where the objective is to reduce HCl, while temperatures up to about 2200° F. can be employed where the objective is to reduce sulfur oxides. Among the more preferred CBCRs are copper compositions including copper and an ammonia moiety. One composition of this type that was tested was copper diammonium diacetate, which has an empirical formula of C2H7CuNO2. These CBCR compositions are not sorbents, and chemically convert HCl from a gaseous to a solid form.
Abstract translation: 该描述涉及通过用称为铜基氯化物修复剂（CBCR）的含水铜化合物处理燃烧气体来减少HCl和硫氧化物的排放。 该方法优选通过识别用于供给CBCR的燃烧器内的位置，确定CBCR的物理形式和注入参数并在有效降低HCl和/或硫氧化物的条件下注入CBCR来实现。 用于引入铜基氯化物修复剂的有效温度优选在约250°至900°F的范围内，其目的是减少HCl，而可以使用高达约2200°F的温度，其目的是 减少硫氧化物。 更优选的CBCR是铜组合物，包括铜和氨部分。 测试的这种类型的一种组合物是二乙酸铜铵，其具有C2H7CuNO2的经验式。 这些CBCR组合物不是吸附剂，并且将HCl从气态化学转化成固体形式。
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