Abstract:
A composition and process for reducing contaminants from water which includes use of a water-insoluble adsorbent having a surface area of at least about 10 m2/g, where the adsorbent is coated with a water-soluble metal salt.
Abstract:
Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of mercury and optionally sulfur oxides and/or HCl. In an embodiment the copper-based mercury remediation composition comprises a copper ammonium complex having an empirical formula of C2H7CuNO2 or any of the other materials described, which include compositions defined by the formula Cu(NH3)x(lower carboxylate)y, wherein the lower carboxylate is selected from the group consisting of formate, acetate and propionate, x is an integer from 0 to 4, y is an integer from 0 to 2, and x+y is equal to or greater than 1. Sulfur oxides and/or HCl can be additionally reduced by introduction of dolomite hydrate sorbent, and additional mercury remediation chemicals as manganese oxides can be employed. The treated gas stream is treated with a particulate removal device.
Abstract:
A composition and process for reducing contaminants from water which includes use of a water-insoluble adsorbent having a surface area of at least about 10 m2/g, where the adsorbent is coated with a water-soluble metal salt.
Abstract:
Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides, and sulfur dioxide in particular, and/or HCl in a process employing a combination of a dolomite hydrate sorbent and a sorbent doping agent administered to achieve coverage of a three-dimensional cross section of a passage carrying SOx and/or HCl —containing gases with a short but effective residence time at a temperature effective to provide significant sulfur dioxide and/or HCl reductions with high rates of reaction and sorbent utilization. The once-through, dry process can advantageously introduce the sorbent and sorbent doping agent dry or preferably as a slurry to enable uniform treatment. Preferred sorbent doping agents include water-soluble or water-dispersible copper and/or iron compositions which can be heated to an active form in situ by the flue gases being treated.
Abstract:
Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides, and sulfur dioxide in particular, and/or HCl in a process employing a combination of a dolomite hydrate sorbent and a sorbent doping agent administered to achieve coverage of a three-dimensional cross section of a passage carrying SOx and/or HCl-containing gases with a short but effective residence time at a temperature effective to provide significant sulfur dioxide and/or HCl reductions with high rates of reaction and sorbent utilization. The once-through, dry process can advantageously introduce the sorbent and sorbent doping agent dry or preferably as a slurry to enable uniform treatment. Preferred sorbent doping agents include water-soluble or water-dispersible copper and/or iron compositions which can be heated to an active form in situ by the flue gases being treated.
Abstract:
The description relates to a composition and a method for reducing the concentration of selenium in water. Contaminated water is contacted with a kaolinite clay characterized by a removal efficiency for selenatearsenate of at least 40 wt % at ambient temperature. The adsorption process is fast. Following sufficient contact, the water is separated from the kaolinite clay. In a preferred form, the kaolinite clay has high surface acidity.
Abstract:
The description relates to a composition and a method for reducing the concentration of selenium in water. Contaminated water is contacted with a kaolinite clay characterized by a removal efficiency for selenatearsenate of at least 40 wt % at ambient temperature. The adsorption process is fast. Following sufficient contact, the water is separated from the kaolinite clay. In a preferred form, the kaolinite clay has high surface acidity.