摘要:
A maximum-likelihood sequence decoder is used with a partial-response signaling system for processing sequences of sampled values from a communication channel or recording device. The partial-response signals can be duobinary, dicode, or partial-response class-IV. The maximum-likelihood decoding for each sequence can be based upon a two-state trellis. Instead of two survivor metrics for two states, only a difference metric is necessary.
摘要:
An apparatus and a method for fast acquisition of the sample-timing phase in systems using partial-response signalling are disclosed. For fast initial adjustment of the timing phase, a known preamble is transmitted. During that phase, previous schemes could occasionally hang up for an extended period of time at the unstable equilibrium point halfway between the desired sampling times. The new procedure eliminates the hangup problem by introducing a hysteresis effect which greatly diminishes the probability of reversals in the once chosen direction of timing-phase adjustment. Thus, reliable adjustment of the timing phase with a much shorter preamble is achieved. The apparatus for furnishing a timing correction signal .DELTA..tau..sub.n includes a timing gradient generator portion (41) and a data sample reconstruction portion (43). The data sample reconstruction portion (43) develops a present reconstructed data sample x.sub.n from the present received signal sample y.sub.n and a previous reconstructed data sample. The output x.sub.n of the data sample reconstruction portion is delayed and furnished to the gradient generation portion (41) which also receives the present received signal sample y.sub.n and a delayed received signal sample, for generating the timing correction signal .DELTA..tau..sub.n.
摘要:
A maximum-likelihood sequence decoder is used with a partial-response signaling system for processing sequences of sampled values from a communication channel or recording device. The partial-response signals can be duobinary, dicode, or partial-response class-IV. The maximum-likelihood decoding for each sequence can be based upon a two-state trellis. Instead of two survivor metrics for two states, only a difference metric is necessary.
摘要:
A method and apparatus is disclosed to map a sequence of data to Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) constellation symbols. The method and apparatus encodes only a portion of the sequence of data and leaves a remaining portion of the sequence of data unencoded. The encoded portion of the sequence of data and the remaining unencoded portion of the sequence of data are then mapped into modulation symbols of the QAM constellation. The encoded portion of the sequence of data selects subsets of the QAM constellation, and the remaining unencoded portion of the sequence of data determines a specific modulation symbol within each subset of the QAM constellation.
摘要:
Certain aspects for the start-up procedure of transceivers supporting higher data rates over twisted-pair copper cabling are provided for 10 Gbit/sec Ethernet links (10GBASE-T). During a PMA (physical medium attachment) training period of the start-up procedure, long PMA training frames are exchanged periodically between link partners. A significant portion of each PMA training frame consists of known pseudo random sequences simultaneously transmitted over four wire pairs. PMA training frames include an InfoField for exchanging parameters and control information between link partners. For example, the InfoField's payload comprises fields for indicating current transmit power backoff (PBO), next PBO, requested PBO, transition count, control information, and for communicating precoder coefficients. Information in InfoFields is repeated and is not necessary that a link partner decodes every InfoField. For example, by occasionally reading the transition count, a link partner can determine when a change in transmit PBO and/or a state transition is to occur.
摘要:
In a communication system, Huffman coding techniques are used to obtain shaping gains for an improvement in data transmission rates. More particularly, a novel method of Huffman shaping is described that achieves a shaping gain of greater than 1 dB. The shaping gain results in a higher data rate transmission in a communication system where transmitted power is constrained.
摘要:
A method for modulating a sequence of data symbols such that the transmit signal exhibits spectral redundancy. Null symbols are inserted in the sequence of data symbols such that a specified pattern of K data symbols and N−K null symbols is formed in every period of N symbols in the modulated sequence, N and K being positive integers and K being smaller than N.
摘要:
Cancellation of interference in a communication system with application to S-CDMA. A relatively straight-forward implemented, and computationally efficient approach of selecting a predetermined number of unused codes is used to perform weighted linear combination selectively with each of the input spread signals in a multiple access communication system. If desired, the predetermined number of unused codes is always the same in each implementation. Alternatively, the predetermined number of unused codes are selected from within a reordered code matrix using knowledge that is shared between the two ends of a communication system, such as between the CMs and a CMTS. While the context of an S-CDMA communication system having CMs and a CMTS is used, the solution is generally applicable to any communication system that seeks to cancel narrowband interference. Several embodiments are also described that show the generic applicability of the solution across a wide variety of systems.
摘要:
In the echo-cancelling device of the invention new decision-error directed algorithms are developed which permit to maintain adaptivity of the echo coefficients and perform precise tracking of the far-end echo phase in a computationally efficent manner during full-duplex operation. The echo-cancelling device comprises an adjust device (40) performing the minimization of the mean-square error obtained as the difference between the signal at the output of the equalizer (Z) and the data-symbol decision (a), for providing the adjustment of the near echo estimator (20) coefficients, of the far echo estimator (22) coefficients, and of the phase (26) of the estimated far echo.
摘要:
A microprocessor having a single common data bus (17) to which the output (33) of the arithmetic-logic unit (11) as well as input and output of the data memory (13) are connected without intermediate buffer registers. Of the working registers (21, 23, 25, 27) connected to the ALU inputs, one group (21, 23) is loaded from the common data bus and the other group (25, 27), used as accumulators, is directly loaded from the ALU output. Specific control circuitry (51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61) allows selective storing of ALU output values into accumulators (25, 27), and simultaneous transfer with selective scaling into another register and into an addressed memory location within the same cycle during which the instruction was executed.