摘要:
In the mould arrangement, an electrical temperature sensing device (TC1, TC2, TC3) is mounted on a mould portion (30; 70) and sends signals to control means of the arrangement. The control means is operable to read the signal from the sensing device (TC1, TC2, TC3) at a particular point in the cycle of operation of the machine, selected to occur when the mould portion (30; 70) is stationary, and to control a portion of the operation of the machine, e.g. the operation of the mould cooling means thereof, in accordance with a value of the signal.
摘要:
An individual section glassware forming machine comprises generating means (29) for generating an electrical command signal which is used to control transfer means (2) of the machine. The transfer means (2) is used for transferring a parison (P) from a blank station (A) at which the parison is formed in an inverted position and presenting the parison (P) in an upright position at another station (B). The magnitude of the electrical command signal varies in accordance with the desired position against time curve for the movement of the parison (P) and is used to operate an electrical or hydraulic servo-mechanism (32; 42) for controlling the movement of the transfer means (2).
摘要:
An individual section glassware forming machine has three operating stations including an intermediate reheating station (B) and a shaping station (C). Transfer means (5) for carrying parisons from the intermediate station (B) to the shaping station (C) is controlled by means of an electrical command signal the magnitude of which varies in accordance with a desired position against time curve for the movement of a reheated parison. The signal is supplied to an electrical or hydraulic servo-mechanism (32; 42) which is operated by the electrical command signal to control the movement of the transfer means (5).
摘要:
The mould arrangement comprises a mould (10) comprising a bottom plate (12) and two side portions (16,18). When the side portions (16,18) are in a first, closed, or a second, open, position thereof, cooling passages (20) formed therein communicate with exits (28) of a plenum chamber (24) beneath the bottom plate (12) so that cooling air can flow from the chamber and through the passages. The exits (28) of the chamber (24) are formed in a distribution plate (26). At least one air supply passage (50; 70) extends in the thickness of the distribution plate (26) to supply air to one or more further cooling passages (60; 80) in the side portions (16,18) to give enhanced cooling in selected regions.
摘要:
A mould opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing three moulds simultaneously. Moving means (18, 20) operable to move mould portions (12) is connected to the mould portions (12) via a system of links which serves to equalize the mould closing pressures of the three moulds. The system of links comprises a link (34) centrally connected to the moving means (18, 20) which equalizes the pressure between one mould and a further link (46) and the further link (46) equalizes the pressure between the other two moulds.
摘要:
An article of glassware, particularly a glass container, of increased strength is made by a process in which the parison is treated in a manner which will cause the glass in the outer surface layer of the formed glassware article to be in a state of compression. Preferably a glaze having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass of the parison is applied to the outer surface of the parison. Advantageously, the glaze is applied to the parison by a flame spray method or by dipping the parison into a fluidized bed containing powdered glaze.As an alternative, the glaze applied to the outer surface of the parison may be capable of being at least partially crystallized, after the glassware article has been formed from the parison, to produce an outer surface of the glassware article having a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the base glass of the glassware article.Alternatively to the application of a glaze, glass in the outer surface of the parison may be chemically changed so that the surface glass in the parison has a higher transformation temperature than the remainder of the glass in the parison.Additionally, the interior surface of the parison may be treated by a material producing active gases so that a compressive layer is produced on the internal surface of the final glassware article, at least partially balancing the compressive layer in the outer surface of the glassware article.
摘要:
In a cyclic process of forming glassware in an individual section glassware forming machine, the formation of parisons in the shaping of articles of glassware during each cycle of the process is monitored and information derived from said monitoring is utilized to permit continued operation of the cyclic process in the absence of any undesired condition indicated by the monitoring and to inhibit either further parison-forming actions at the blank station (A) of the machine in consequence of the recognition of an undesired condition relating to parison formation or further article-shaping actions at the shaping station (C) in consequence of the recognition of an undesired condition relating to the shaping of the articles of glassware.
摘要:
A signal is produced which is representative of a position of a part of a mould (1b, 7b, 8b, 9b) at a time in a cyclic process of forming glassware when the mould (1, 7, 8, 9) should be closed. This signal is compared with a signal representative of the position of the mould part (1b, 7b, 8b, 9b) when the mould is correctly closed. This latter signal is produced by averaging a selected number of the immediately preceding signals representative of the position of the part of the mould at the time when the mould should be closed.
摘要:
A method for forming parisons in the manufacture of hollow articles of glassware. The method comprising forming each parison by introducing a gob of molten glass into a mould cavity (10) having the shape desired for the external surface of the parison, and moving a plunger (14,70) into the mould cavity to cause the molten glass to conform to the shape of the cavity. The method also comprises forming a layer of gas (G.98) between a surface portion of the plunger and the molten glass so that, as the plunger moves into the cavity, the glass is pushed into shape by the layer of gas, and rotating or vibrating the plunger while it is in the mould cavity.
摘要:
During the manufacture of moulded articles, the temperature of the mould is detected and this information is used to control the operation of mould heating or cooling means. The temperature is detected by forming a passage in a mould portion which extends to an external surface, inserting an infra-red radiation transmitting device into the passage, and mounting an infra-red radiation detecting device so that it can receive radiation transmitted by the transmitting device when the mould portion is stationary.