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公开(公告)号：US07128992B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-31
申请号：US11016260
申请日：2004-12-16
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04044 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： The outflow of coolers or water transport plates of a fuel cell stack (15) is fed to the inlet of a gas/liquid separator (12), the liquid output of which is connected through a primary pump (11a) to a liquid accumulator (21). A secondary pump (44) connected to the liquid output (20) of the liquid accumulator is fed to the principal inlet (31) of an eductor (32), the secondary inlet being connected to the gas output of the gas/liquid separator. The outlet (37) of the eductor is fed through a conduit (38) to a point below liquid level in the liquid accumulator. Thus, failure of the secondary pump (44) will not cause cavitation of the primary pump (11a) through the eductor so that coolant will continue to flow through the fuel cell stack. A demineralizer (26) is fed through a pressure reducing orifice (25) from the outlet of the secondary pump.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池堆（15）的冷却器或水输送板的流出物被供给到气/液分离器（12）的入口，气体/液体分离器的液体输出通过初级泵（11a）连接到液体积存器 （21）。 连接到液体储存器的液体输出（20）的辅助泵（44）被供给到喷射器（32）的主入口（31），次级入口连接到气/液分离器的气体输出。 喷射器的出口（37）通过导管（38）进入液体蓄液器中低于液位的点。 因此，次级泵（44）的故障不会通过喷射器引起主泵（11a）的空化，使得冷却剂将继续流过燃料电池堆。 软化器（26）从次级泵的出口通过减压孔（25）供给。
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公开(公告)号：US08142950B2
公开(公告)日：2012-03-27
申请号：US12387515
申请日：2009-05-04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04455 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04228 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04447 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04798 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： The invention is a hydrogen passivation shut down system for a fuel cell power plant (10, 200). During shut down of the plant (10, 200), hydrogen fuel is permitted to transfer between an anode flow path (24, 24′) and a cathode flow path (38, 38′). A controlled-oxidant flow device (209) near an oxygen source (58′) permits a minimal amount of atmospheric oxygen to enter the power plant (200) during shut down to equalize pressure between ambient atmosphere and the flow paths (24′, 28′) and to keep limited atmospheric oxygen entering the power plant (200) through the device (209) as far as possible from fuel cell flow fields (28′, 42′). A non-leaking hydrogen inlet valve (202), a non-leaking cathode exhaust valve (208), and a combined oxidant and fuel exhaust line (206) also minimize penetration of oxygen into the shut down power plant (200).
摘要翻译： 本发明是用于燃料电池发电厂（10,200）的氢钝化关闭系统。 在工厂（10,200）关闭期间，允许氢燃料在阳极流动路径（24,24'）和阴极流动路径（38,38'）之间传递。 在氧源（58'）附近的受控氧化剂流动装置（209）允许最少量的大气氧在关闭期间进入发电厂（200），以使环境大气和流动路径（24'，28）之间的压力相等 '）并且尽可能远离燃料电池流场（28'，42'），通过装置（209）将有限的大气氧气进入发电厂（200）。 不泄漏的氢气入口阀（202），不泄漏的阴极排气阀（208）和组合的氧化剂和燃料排放管线（206）还使氧气进入关闭发电厂（200）的渗透最小化。
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公开(公告)号：US20110171547A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-14
申请号：US12998152
申请日：2008-10-03
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04626 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04873 , H01M8/04947 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T10/92 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A fuel cell power plant (5) includes a stack (6) of fuel cells, each of which have an anode (9), a cathode (10), and a PEM (11) disposed between the anode and the cathode. A controller (17) recognizes an indication (67) of no load demand (68) by a load (59), to operate (45) an air recycle loop (44-46) utilizing the process air blower (35) and transfer the power output (57) of the stack from the load (59) to an auxiliary load (60), comprising a resistance which will consume a predetermined small amount of power in response to the current applied thereto, when the stack operates at a critical voltage above which fuel cell corrosion is unacceptable. Fuel and air will also be reduced (16, 40). The controller may cause increased cathode recycle when the critical voltage is reached and increased air when the voltage is a fraction of a volt below the critical voltage.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池发电厂（5）包括燃料电池堆（6），每个燃料电池单元具有设置在阳极和阴极之间的阳极（9），阴极（10）和PEM（11）。 控制器（17）通过负载（59）识别空载需求指示（67），利用处理空气鼓风机（35）操作（45）空气循环回路（44-46），并将 堆叠从负载（59）到辅助负载（60）的功率输出（57），包括响应于施加到其上的电流将消耗预定的小量功率的电阻，当堆栈以临界电压 以上燃料电池腐蚀是不可接受的。 燃料和空气也将减少（16，40）。 当达到临界电压时，控制器可能导致增加的阴极再循环，当电压是低于临界电压的伏特的一小部分时，空气增加。
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公开(公告)号：US08808934B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-19
申请号：US12998152
申请日：2008-10-03
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04626 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04873 , H01M8/04947 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T10/92 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A fuel cell power plant (5) includes a stack (6) of fuel cells, each of which have an anode (9), a cathode (10), and a PEM (11) disposed between the anode and the cathode. A controller (17) recognizes an indication (67) of no load demand (68) by a load (59), to operate (45) an air recycle loop (44-46) utilizing the process air blower (35) and transfer the power output (57) of the stack from the load (59) to an auxiliary load (60), comprising a resistance which will consume a predetermined small amount of power in response to the current applied thereto, when the stack operates at a critical voltage above which fuel cell corrosion is unacceptable. Fuel and air will also be reduced (16, 40). The controller may cause increased cathode recycle when the critical voltage is reached and increased air when the voltage is a fraction of a volt below the critical voltage.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池发电厂（5）包括燃料电池堆（6），每个燃料电池单元具有设置在阳极和阴极之间的阳极（9），阴极（10）和PEM（11）。 控制器（17）通过负载（59）识别无负载要求指示（67），以利用处理空气鼓风机（35）操作（45）空气循环回路（44-46），并转移 堆叠从负载（59）到辅助负载（60）的功率输出（57），包括响应于施加到其上的电流将消耗预定的小量功率的电阻，当堆栈以临界电压 以上燃料电池腐蚀是不可接受的。 燃料和空气也将减少（16，40）。 当达到临界电压时，控制器可能导致增加的阴极再循环，当电压是低于临界电压的伏特的一小部分时，空气增加。
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公开(公告)号：US09403444B2
公开(公告)日：2016-08-02
申请号：US13261615
申请日：2010-09-15
CPC分类号： B60L11/1883 , B60L3/0053 , B60L11/1881 , B60L11/1887 , B60L11/1888 , B60L2240/12 , B60L2240/80 , B60L2260/22 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04228 , H01M8/04303 , H01M8/04619 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/0488 , H01M8/04955 , H01M10/44 , H01M10/46 , H01M16/006 , H01M2220/20 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T10/92 , Y02T90/32 , Y02T90/34
摘要： The performance of a fuel cell power plant that decays, in an electric vehicle which makes frequent starts, is recovered by partially shutting down (65-67) the power plant. Recovery is enabled by a recovery enable flag (25) upon conditions such as vehicle using (22) low or no power (16), vehicle speed at or near zero (22), electric storage SOC above a threshold (23), and no recovery (19) during the last half-hour (or other duration). The recovery restart resets a timer (79) to ensure (19) that recovery is not attempted too often. The power plant then remains in a recovery stand-by mode (72) until a recovery restart flag (35) is set to 1 (74). The restart causes start-up of the fuel cell power plant (50, 52, 55), reaching an operational mode (57).
摘要翻译： 通过部分关闭（65-67）发电厂，恢复在频繁启动的电动车辆中衰减的燃料电池发电厂的性能。 在诸如车辆使用（22）低或无功率（16），车速等于或接近零（22），高于阈值（23）的电存储器SOC的条件下，恢复使能标志（25） 在最后半小时（或其他持续时间）内恢复（19）。 恢复重启将重置定时器（79）以确保（19）不会太频繁地尝试恢复。 然后发电厂保持恢复待机模式（72），直到恢复重启标志（35）设置为1（74）。 重新启动使得燃料电池发电厂（50,52,55）的启动达到操作模式（57）。
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公开(公告)号：US20130108941A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-02
申请号：US13261523
申请日：2010-05-20
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04298 , B60L11/1885 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04228 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T90/32 , Y02T90/34
摘要： A fuel cell power plant keeps track, such as with a fuel-off timer (41), of the extent to which shutdown of the fuel cell power plant has occurred, in case the fuel cell power plant is quickly commanded to resume full operation. In one embodiment, if the fuel-off timer has not timed out at the time that the fuel cell power plant is ordered to resume full operation, a fuel-on timer is set (51) equal to the value of the fuel-off timer when the fuel cell power plant is ordered to resume full operation. Then, the fuel cell power plant is refueled (22), in a duration of time related to the setting of the fuel-off timer, rather than doing a full fuel purge.
摘要翻译： 在燃料电池发电厂被快速命令恢复完全运行的情况下，燃料电池发电厂跟踪燃料电池发电厂关闭的程度，例如燃料灭火定时器（41）。 在一个实施例中，如果在燃料电池发电厂被命令恢复全部运行时燃料关闭定时器没有超时，则将燃料启动定时器设置为等于燃料消耗定时器的值 当燃料电池发电厂被命令恢复全面运行时。 然后，燃料电池发电厂在与燃油定时器的设定有关的时间内加油（22），而不是进行全燃料净化。
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公开(公告)号：US20120244455A1
公开(公告)日：2012-09-27
申请号：US13261310
申请日：2009-12-08
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/24 , H01M8/2484 , Y02E60/50
摘要： Ejectors (22, 59) are configured to receive fresh fuel gas at the motive inlet (27, 60) and to receive fuel recycle gas at the suction inlet (29, 64, 65). Each ejector is disposed either a) within a fuel inlet/outlet manifold (13, 109) or adjacent to and integral with the fuel inlet/outlet manifold. The ejector draws fuel recycle gas directly from the fuel outlet manifold and, after mixing with fresh fuel, is expanded (34, 76) to lower the pressure and is then fed directly into the fuel inlet manifold (14, 80, 109). The ejector may be within an external manifold (13, 92) or an internal manifold (109). The ejector (59) may be formed of perforations clear through a plate (80), which is closed on either side by other plates (83, 85), or the ejector may be formed by suitable sculpture of fuel cells (12) having internal fuel inlet (109) and fuel outlet (15) manifolds.
摘要翻译： 喷射器（22,59）构造成在动力入口（27,60）处接收新鲜的燃料气体并且在吸入口（29,64,65）处接收燃料循环气体。 每个喷射器设置在燃料入口/出口歧管（13,109）内或邻近燃料入口/出口歧管并与燃料入口/出口歧管一体地设置。 喷射器直接从燃料出口歧管吸取燃料循环气体，并在与新鲜燃料混合之后膨胀（34,76）以降低压力，然后直接进入燃料入口歧管（14,80,909）。 喷射器可以在外部歧管（13,92）或内部歧管（109）内。 喷射器（59）可以由通过板（80）透明的穿孔形成，板（80）的任一侧由其他板（83,85）封闭，或者喷射器可以通过具有内部的燃料电池（12）的适当雕塑形成 燃料入口（109）和燃料出口（15）歧管。
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8.发明授权Avoiding coolant slump into reactant fields during PEM fuel cell shutdown 有权在PEM燃料电池关闭期间避免冷却剂坍落的反应物场公开(公告)号：US08062801B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-22
申请号：US12310607
申请日：2006-08-31
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04253 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/0444 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04768 , H01M8/04955 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A fuel cell power plant (100) having a stack of fuel cells (102), each having an anode (104), a fuel reactant gas flow field plate (118), a cathode (106), an oxidant reactant gas flow field plate (120), and an electrolyte (101) between the anode and cathode. The stack has coolant channels (131), an air blower (144), air inlet (139a) and outlet (141a) valves, and a cathode recycle loop using either the primary air blower or a cathode recycle blower (135). A shutdown process includes recycling air through the cathodes with only one of an air inlet valve or air exit valve closed, while applying fresh fuel and recycling fuel through the anodes until oxygen is about 4% or less, or average cell voltage is about 0.2 or less, or for predetermined period of time.
摘要翻译： 一种燃料电池发电厂（100），其具有堆叠的燃料电池（102），每个具有阳极（104），燃料反应物气体流场板（118），阴极（106），氧化剂反应物气体流场板 （120）和在阳极和阴极之间的电解质（101）。 该堆叠具有冷却剂通道（131），鼓风机（144），空气入口（139a）和出口（141a）阀，以及使用一次风机或阴极再循环鼓风机（135）的阴极循环回路。 关闭过程包括通过阴极回收空气，只有空气入口阀或空气出口阀中的一个关闭，同时施加新鲜燃料并将燃料循环通过阳极直到氧气为约4％或更低，或者平均电池电压为约0.2或 较少或预定的时间段。
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9.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20100239927A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-23
申请号：US12310607
申请日：2006-08-31
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04253 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/0444 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04768 , H01M8/04955 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A fuel cell power plant (100) having a stack of fuel cells (102), each having an anode (104), a fuel reactant gas flow field plate (118), a cathode (106), an oxidant reactant gas flow field plate (120), and an electrolyte (101) between the anode and cathode. The stack has coolant channels (131), an air blower (144), air inlet (139a) and outlet (141a) valves, and a cathode recycle loop using either the primary air blower or a cathode recycle blower (135). A shutdown process includes recycling air through the cathodes with only one of an air inlet valve or air exit valve closed, while applying fresh fuel and recycling fuel through the anodes until oxygen is about 4% or less, or average cell voltage is about 0.2 or less, or for predetermined period of time.
摘要翻译： 一种燃料电池发电厂（100），其具有堆叠的燃料电池（102），每个具有阳极（104），燃料反应物气体流场板（118），阴极（106），氧化剂反应物气体流场板 （120）和在阳极和阴极之间的电解质（101）。 该堆叠具有冷却剂通道（131），鼓风机（144），空气入口（139a）和出口（141a）阀，以及使用一次风机或阴极再循环鼓风机（135）的阴极循环回路。 关闭过程包括通过阴极回收空气，只有空气入口阀或空气出口阀中的一个关闭，同时施加新鲜燃料并将燃料循环通过阳极直到氧气为约4％或更低，或者平均电池电压为约0.2或 较少或预定的时间段。
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公开(公告)号：US20100068565A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-18
申请号：US12447343
申请日：2006-12-19
CPC分类号： H01M8/04104 , H01M8/028 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04134 , H01M8/04171 , H01M8/0438 , H01M8/04388 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04417 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04783 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A fuel cell includes a cathode having an air flow field. An anode includes an inlet and an outlet for providing unused fuel to a fuel recycling line. A pressure regulator is arranged upstream from an ejector and communicates with the air flow field for adjusting a fuel pressure at the motive inlet in response to an air pressure associated with the air flow field. The cathode and/or anode includes a porous water transport plate adjacent to the air flow field and/or fuel flow field respectively. A back pressure valve is arranged downstream from the air flow field for producing an air back pressure that generates a desired differential pressure across the water transport plate. The back pressure valve is controlled to achieve the desired differential pressure across the water transport plate so that the fuel cell maintains water balance.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池包括具有空气流场的阴极。 阳极包括用于将未使用的燃料提供给燃料再循环管线的入口和出口。 压力调节器设置在喷射器的上游，并与空气流场连通，以响应于与空气流场相关联的空气压力来调节动力入口处的燃料压力。 阴极和/或阳极分别包括与空气流场和/或燃料流场相邻的多孔水输送板。 背压阀布置在空气流场的下游，用于产生跨越水输送板产生期望的压差的空气背压。 控制背压阀以在水输送板上达到期望的压差，使得燃料电池保持水平衡。
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