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    Combined geothermal and solar thermal organic rankine cycle system
    1.
    发明授权
    Combined geothermal and solar thermal organic rankine cycle system 有权
    联合地热和太阳热热有机秩序循环系统

    公开(公告)号：US09297367B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-03-29

    申请号：US12989539

    申请日：2008-05-02

    申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Guangyan Zhu

    发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Guangyan Zhu

    IPC分类号： F03G7/00 ,  B60K16/00 ,  F03G6/00 ,  F01K25/08 ,  F03G7/04

    CPC分类号： F03G6/003 ,  F01K25/08 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F05B2270/303 ,  F05B2270/506 ,  Y02E10/10 ,  Y02E10/46

    摘要： In a system where the thermal energy of a geothermal fluid is applied to an ORC system, the energy is enhanced by the use of solar energy to thereby increase the temperature of the fluid being applied by the ORC system. A single heat exchanger version provides for direct heat exchange relationship with the geothermal and solar fluids, whereas a two heat exchanger version provides for each of the geothermal and solar fluids to be in heat exchange relationship with the working medium of the ORC system. Control features are provided to selectively balance the various fluid flows in the system.

    摘要翻译： 在将地热流体的热能施加到ORC系统的系统中，通过使用太阳能来增强能量，从而增加由ORC系统施加的流体的温度。 单个热交换器版本提供与地热和太阳能流体的直接热交换关系，而两个热交换器版本提供每个地热和太阳能流体与ORC系统的工作介质的热交换关系。 提供控制特征以选择性地平衡系统中的各种流体流。

    Fuel cell system condensing heat exchanger
    2.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell system condensing heat exchanger 有权
    燃料电池系统冷凝热交换器

    公开(公告)号：US08652695B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-02-18

    申请号：US13258755

    申请日：2009-04-13

    申请人： Kazuo Saito ,  John W. Kowalski ,  Bryan F. Dufner ,  Sitaram Ramaswamy

    发明人： Kazuo Saito ,  John W. Kowalski ,  Bryan F. Dufner ,  Sitaram Ramaswamy

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/08 ,  H01M8/24

    CPC分类号： F28F1/32 ,  F28B1/02 ,  F28B9/08 ,  F28D2021/0043 ,  F28F19/02 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/086

    摘要： A fuel cell system is disclosed that includes a heat exchanger having first and second heat exchanger portions arranged in a fluid flow passage. The second heat exchanger portion is arranged downstream from the first heat exchanger portion. The first and second heat exchanger portions include a coolant flow passage and are configured to transfer heat between the fluid flow and coolant flow passages. The first heat exchanger portion includes a first corrosion-resistant material and the second heat exchanger portion includes a second corrosion-resistant material that is less corrosion-resistant than the first corrosion-resistant material. A collector, which includes a tray and/or a mist trap, is configured to collect acid in the first heat exchanger portion from a gas stream in the fluid flow passage. Collected acid can be sprayed into a gas stream upstream from a flow field of the fuel cell.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种燃料电池系统，其包括具有布置在流体流动通道中的第一和第二热交换器部分的热交换器。 第二热交换器部分布置在第一热交换器部分的下游。 第一和第二热交换器部分包括冷却剂流动通道，并且构造成在流体流动与冷却剂流动通道之间传递热量。 第一热交换器部分包括第一耐腐蚀材料，第二热交换器部分包括耐腐蚀性低于第一耐腐蚀材料的第二耐腐蚀材料。 包括托盘和/或雾气收集器的收集器构造成从流体流动通道中的气流收集第一热交换器部分中的酸。 收集的酸可以喷射到燃料电池的流场上游的气流中。

    COMBINED GEOTHERMAL AND SOLAR THERMAL ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE SYSTEM
    3.
    发明申请
    COMBINED GEOTHERMAL AND SOLAR THERMAL ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE SYSTEM 有权
    组合地热和太阳能热有机排放系统

    公开(公告)号：US20110126539A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-06-02

    申请号：US12989539

    申请日：2008-05-02

    申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Guangyan Zhu

    发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Guangyan Zhu

    IPC分类号： F03G7/06 ,  F03G6/00 ,  F02G1/04

    CPC分类号： F03G6/003 ,  F01K25/08 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F05B2270/303 ,  F05B2270/506 ,  Y02E10/10 ,  Y02E10/46

    摘要： In a system where the thermal energy of a geothermal fluid is applied to an ORC system, the energy is enhanced by the use of solar energy to thereby increase the temperature of the fluid being applied by the ORC system. A single heat exchanger version provides for direct heat exchange relationship with the geothermal and solar fluids, whereas a two heat exchanger version provides for each of the geothermal and solar fluids to be in heat exchange relationship with the working medium of the ORC system. Control features are provided to selectively balance the various fluid flows in the system.

    摘要翻译： 在将地热流体的热能施加到ORC系统的系统中，通过使用太阳能来增强能量，从而增加由ORC系统施加的流体的温度。 单个热交换器版本提供与地热和太阳能流体的直接热交换关系，而两个热交换器版本提供每个地热和太阳能流体与ORC系统的工作介质的热交换关系。 提供控制特征以选择性地平衡系统中的各种流体流。

    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THERMAL PRIORITY OPERATION OF A FUEL CELL POWER PLANT
    7.
    发明申请
    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THERMAL PRIORITY OPERATION OF A FUEL CELL POWER PLANT 有权
    燃料电池发电厂热量运行的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20140329160A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-11-06

    申请号：US14125345

    申请日：2010-08-16

    申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Paul R. Margiott ,  Paul R. Hanrahan ,  Mithun Kamat

    发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Paul R. Margiott ,  Paul R. Hanrahan ,  Mithun Kamat

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04059 ,  H01M8/04358 ,  H01M8/04723 ,  H01M8/086 ,  H01M2250/10 ,  Y02B90/14

    摘要： A thermal priority fuel cell power plant includes a cell stack assembly for generating an electrical power output. The cell stack assembly includes an anode, a cathode, and a waste heat recovery loop. The anode is configured to receive a fuel, the cathode is configured to receive an oxidizer, and the cell stack assembly is configured to generate the electrical power output by electrochemically reacting the anode fuel and the cathode oxidizer in the presence of a catalyst. The waste heat recovery loop includes a coolant inlet conduit and a coolant outlet conduit, and is configured to remove waste heat generated from the electrochemical reaction. A waste heat recovery loop is thermally coupled to the cell stack assembly for managing the waste heat of the cell stack assembly and for supplying thermal power to a thermal load demand. The waste heat recovery loop includes a heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with the coolant outlet conduit and the thermal load demand. A controller is operatively associated with the cell stack assembly and the waste heat recovery loop. The controller controls the operation of the cell stack assembly by adjusting a fuel cell power plant parameter responsive to the thermal load demand. In one aspect, the fuel cell power plant parameter is reactant utilization. In another aspect, the fuel cell power plant parameter is a temperature for a thermal management system accumulator.

    摘要翻译： 热优先燃料电池发电厂包括用于产生电力输出的电池堆组件。 电池堆组件包括阳极，阴极和废热回收回路。 阳极被配置为接收燃料，阴极被配置为接收氧化剂，并且电池堆组件被配置为通过在催化剂的存在下使阳极燃料和阴极氧化剂电化学反应来产生电力输出。 废热回收回路包括冷却剂入口导管和冷却剂出口导管，并且被构造成去除由电化学反应产生的废热。 废热回收回路热耦合到电池堆组件，用于管理电池堆组件的废热并将热功率提供给热负荷需求。 废热回收回路包括与冷却剂出口导管热交换的热交换器和热负荷需求。 控制器可操作地与电池堆组件和废热回收回路相关联。 控制器通过根据热负荷需求调整燃料电池发电厂参数来控制电池堆组件的操作。 一方面，燃料电池发电厂参数是反应物利用。 另一方面，燃料电池发电厂参数是热管理系统蓄电池的温度。

    INTERNAL STEAM GENERATION FOR FUEL CELL
    8.
    发明申请
    INTERNAL STEAM GENERATION FOR FUEL CELL 审中-公开
    燃料电池的内部蒸汽发生

    公开(公告)号：US20140045084A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-02-13

    申请号：US14113617

    申请日：2011-04-26

    申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy

    发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy

    IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04014 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/0625 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M2008/1095

    摘要： A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack having an anode plate and a cathode plate arranged on opposing sides of a proton exchange membrane. Cooling channels are in thermal contact with at least one of the anode plate and the cathode plate and include an internal coolant passage. A pressure-drop device is provided in the coolant channels and is configured to provide a sub-atmospheric pressure within the coolant passage. In one example, the coolant within the coolant passage is at less than ambient pressure. A compression device fluidly interconnects to and is downstream from the internal coolant passage by a coolant system loop and configured to convey a sub-atmospheric pressure coolant steam. The compression device is configured to increase the pressure and a temperature of the sub-atmospheric coolant steam to a super-atmospheric pressure and maintain the coolant steam within a steam region of a pressure-enthalpy curve.

    摘要翻译： 燃料电池系统包括具有布置在质子交换膜的相对侧上的阳极板和阴极板的燃料电池堆。 冷却通道与阳极板和阴极板中的至少一个热接触，并且包括内部冷却剂通道。 压力降装置设置在冷却剂通道中，并且构造成在冷却剂通道内提供低于大气压的压力。 在一个示例中，冷却剂通道内的冷却剂处于小于环境压力。 压缩装置通过冷却剂系统回路流体地互连到内部冷却剂通道的下游，并且构造成输送低于大气压的冷却剂蒸汽。 压缩装置构造成将低于大气压的冷却剂蒸汽的压力和温度增加到超大气压，并将冷却剂蒸汽保持在压力 - 焓曲线的蒸汽区域内。

    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EQUILIBRATING AN ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE
    9.
    发明申请
    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EQUILIBRATING AN ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE 有权
    用于平衡有机RANKINE循环的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20110185734A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-08-04

    申请号：US12696392

    申请日：2010-01-29

    申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Sean P. Breen

    发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Sean P. Breen

    IPC分类号： F01K25/08 ,  F01K13/02

    CPC分类号： F01K25/10

    摘要： Embodiments of an ORC system can be configured to reduce ingress of contaminants from the ambient environment. In one embodiment, the ORC system can comprise a pressure equilibrating unit that comprises a variable volume device for holding a working fluid. The variable volume device can be fluidly coupled to a condenser so that working fluid can move amongst the condenser and the variable volume device. This movement can occur in response to changes in the pressure of the working fluid in the ORC system, and in one example the working fluid is allowed to move when the pressure deviates from atmospheric pressure.

    摘要翻译： ORC系统的实施例可以被配置为减少来自周围环境的污染物的进入。 在一个实施例中，ORC系统可以包括压力平衡单元，其包括用于保持工作流体的可变容积装置。 可变体积装置可以流体耦合到冷凝器，使得工作流体可以在冷凝器和可变体积装置之间移动。 该运动可以响应于ORC系统中的工作流体的压力变化而发生，并且在一个示例中，当压力偏离大气压力时，允许工作流体移动。

    FUEL-CASCADED FUEL CELL STACKS WITH DECOUPLED POWER OUTPUTS
    10.
    发明申请
    FUEL-CASCADED FUEL CELL STACKS WITH DECOUPLED POWER OUTPUTS 审中-公开
    燃料燃油电池堆叠，带有分离式电源输出

    公开(公告)号：US20100040914A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-02-18

    申请号：US12448666

    申请日：2006-12-29

    申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Leslie L. Van Dine

    发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Leslie L. Van Dine

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/249 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/04462 ,  H01M8/04559 ,  H01M8/04589 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04761 ,  H01M16/003 ,  H01M2008/1095

    摘要： Fuel exhaust (109) of a primary fuel cell stack (11) flows into an auxiliary fuel cell stack (12) which powers a DC storage (82) feeding a bi-directional DC/AC converter (86) that is switchable (89) to auxiliary equipment (90, 91) (such as pumps) to a main power bus (54) feeding a main load (55). Fresh fuel (97) is provided (98, 105) to the primary stack for 90% fuel utilization, with over 99% overall power plant fuel utilization. The auxiliary equipment (90, 91) may be powered by the bus (54).

    摘要翻译： 主燃料电池堆（11）的燃料排气（109）流入辅助燃料电池堆（12），该辅助燃料电池堆（12）为可切换（89）的双向DC / AC转换器（86）供电的DC存储器（82） 辅助设备（90,91）（例如泵）连接到馈送主负载（55）的主电力总线（54）。 新燃料（97）（98,105）被提供给初级堆叠以达到90％的燃料利用率，总发电厂燃料利用率超过99％。 辅助设备（90,91）可由总线（54）供电。