公开(公告)号：US5222448A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-29

申请号：US868024

申请日：1992-04-13

申请人： George W. Morgenthaler ,  Jeffrey L. Struthers ,  George W. Carter

发明人： George W. Morgenthaler ,  Jeffrey L. Struthers ,  George W. Carter

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/19 ,  A62D101/20 ,  A62D101/26 ,  A62D101/28 ,  A62D101/40 ,  A62D101/45 ,  A62D101/47 ,  A62D101/49 ,  C01B7/19 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/02 ,  C03C1/00 ,  C04B18/02 ,  C04B32/00 ,  F23G5/08

CPC分类号： A62D3/19 ,  C01B7/191 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/025 ,  C03C1/002 ,  C04B18/026 ,  C04B32/005 ,  F23G5/085 ,  A62D2101/20 ,  A62D2101/26 ,  A62D2101/28 ,  A62D2101/40 ,  A62D2101/45 ,  A62D2101/47 ,  A62D2101/49 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  F23G2204/201 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02P40/52 ,  Y02P40/59 ,  Y02W30/91

摘要： Spent potliner from aluminum reduction cells includes carbon, inorganic brick and refractory material, and fluoride, sulfur, and cyanide compounds, and is considered hazardous. It is treated by introducing it into a vessel, and exposing it to the heat of a plasma torch at a temperature of at least 1000.degree. C. As a result, carbon is gasified and converted to combustible carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons, or to carbon dioxide; inorganic material is melted form slag; fluoride compounds are melted, vaporized, or reduced to gaseous HF; cyanide compounds are destroyed; and all other materials, including sulfur compounds, are either melted or gasified. As a result, the spent potliner is rendered non-hazardous, and the quantity of remaining slag has both its solid volume and mass substantially reduced by a factor of at least 1.5:1 in mass and at least 3:1 in volume relative to the input spent potliner. The process allows gaseous fluoride compounds to be captured and thermal energy produced in the process to be extracted. The molten slag material produced within the vessel is removed from the vessel, and cooled to form a solid slag which is substantially free of cyanide compounds, resistive to leaching, and safe for disposal. The slag has commercial utility. Combustible carbon compounds can be captured and used. When carried out at an aluminum smelting site, adequate electrical power is readily available, and there is an in situ demand for recovered fluoride compounds, combustible gases, and extracted heat.

摘要翻译： 来自铝还原电池的废料浆料包括碳，无机砖和耐火材料，以及氟化物，硫和氰化物，并被认为是危险的。 通过将其引入容器中并在至少1000℃的温度下将其暴露于等离子体焰炬的热处理。结果，将碳气化并转化为可燃的一氧化碳或烃或二氧化碳 ; 无机材料熔化成渣; 氟化物被熔化，蒸发或还原成气态HF; 氰化物被破坏; 和所有其他材料，包括硫化合物，都被熔化或气化。 结果，废弃的废铁锅不会产生危险，并且剩余炉渣的数量和固体体积和质量都相当于质量至少1.5：1，体积相对于 输入无用瓷砖。 该方法允许捕获气态氟化物化合物并在该过程中产生的热能被提取。 在容器内产生的熔融炉渣材料从容器中取出，并冷却，形成基本上不含氰化物的固体渣，阻止浸出，并可安全处理。 炉渣具有商业用途。 可以捕获和使用可燃碳化合物。 当在铝冶炼场所进行时，容易获得足够的电力，并且原地需要回收的氟化物，可燃气体和提取的热量。