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公开(公告)号：US4475383A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-09
申请号：US343946
申请日：1982-01-29
CPC分类号： G01M17/022
摘要： An apparatus for testing vehicle wheels with tires and wheel hubs. A frameas an axle supporting a wheel. An annular wheel contact member surrounds the wheel and is engaged by the wheel in surface-to-surface contact. The frame is loaded by a variable or constant load to cause deflection of the axle which supports the wheel. The force condition imposed on the frame thus arises as a reaction force at the wheel when it is deflected into engagement with the wheel contact member. A drive means rotates the wheel contact member while the wheel is forceably engaged with the wheel contact member to simulate operating conditions. The apparatus can also be used to test two wheels in tandem arrangement, as well as for individual component testing of the wheel hub, hub bearings and wheel bolts.
摘要翻译： 用轮胎和轮毂测试车轮的装置。 框架具有支撑车轮的车轴。 环形轮接触构件围绕车轮并且由车轮以面对面的接触方式接合。 框架由可变或恒定的载荷加载，以引起支撑车轮的轴的偏转。 因此，施加在框架上的力条件当其被转动成与车轮接触构件接合时作为车轮处的反作用力产生。 驱动装置使车轮接触构件转动，同时车轮与车轮接触构件有力地接合以模拟操作条件。 该设备还可用于串联布置测试两个轮子，以及用于轮毂，轮毂轴承和车轮螺栓的单独部件测试。
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2.发明授权Apparatus for testing automotive wheels and parts thereof especially motorcycle wheels 有权用于测试汽车车轮及其部件的装置，特别是摩托车车轮公开(公告)号：US06382020B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-07
申请号：US09225761
申请日：1999-01-05
IPC分类号： G01M1702
CPC分类号： G01M17/022
摘要： The invention provides a device for testing motor vehicle wheels, tires, wheel hubs, wheel bearings, and wheel bolts under loading conditions similar to operating conditions, including a mounting device for pivoting attachment of a vehicle wheel; a drum arranged around the vehicle wheel in such a way that the vehicle wheel can be brought into rolling contact with the inner circumferential surface of the drum; a vertical or radial loading device which, in order to apply a vertical or radial force acting in the vertical or radial direction of the vehicle wheel onto the mounting device, is connected with the latter; a lateral or axial loading device for applying a lateral or axial force acting in the lateral or axial direction of the vehicle wheel, in order to apply the lateral or axial force onto the mounting device, the lateral or axial loading device being connected with the mounting device; at least one ring located on the inner circumferential surface of the drum, which ring is arranged as a thrust ring adjacent to the tire and the side of the vehicle wheel and is beveled on the side turned toward the tire; and a device for turning the drum; the mounting device including a mount for at least one motorcycle wheel as a vehicle wheel with mounting of the motorcycle wheel on one of two ends of the axle of the same and one-sided attachment of the mount on the remaining part of mounting device.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于在类似于操作条件的加载条件下测试机动车轮，轮胎，轮毂，车轮轴承和车轮螺栓的装置，包括用于枢转车轮附接的安装装置; 鼓轮，其布置在车轮周围，使得车轮能够与滚筒的内周表面滚动接触; 为了将在车轮的垂直或径向作用的垂直或径向力施加到安装装置上的垂直或径向加载装置与后者连接; 用于施加沿车辆车轮的横向或轴向方向作用的横向或轴向力的侧向或轴向加载装置，以便将横向或轴向力施加到安装装置上，所述横向或轴向加载装置与安装件 设备; 位于所述滚筒的内周面上的至少一个环，所述环被布置为邻近所述轮胎和所述车轮侧的推力环，并且在朝向所述轮胎的一侧倾斜; 以及用于转动所述滚筒的装置; 所述安装装置包括用于至少一个摩托车车轮作为车轮的安装件，所述摩托车车轮安装在所述摩托车车轮的两个端部中的一个上，并且所述安装件在所述安装装置的其余部分上的一侧安装。
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公开(公告)号：US6116084A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-12
申请号：US216834
申请日：1998-12-21
IPC分类号： G01M17/02
CPC分类号： G01M17/022
摘要： A device for testing vehicle wheels, tires, hubs, bearings and bolts therr under service-like load conditions, includes (a) a mounting device for fastening a vehicle wheel in a rotatable manner and for swivelling the latter into different camber angles; (b) a drum, which is disposed in such a manner around the vehicle wheel that the vehicle wheel may, via a tire situated thereon, be brought into rolling contact with the inner peripheral surface of the drum; (c) a vertical or radial loading device, which for applying a vertical or radial force onto the mounting device is connected to the latter; (d) a lateral or axial loading device for applying a lateral or axial force acting in the lateral or axial direction of the vehicle wheel, the lateral or axial loading device for applying the lateral or axial force onto the mounting device being connected to the latter; (e) at least one ring, which is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the drum and arranged as a stop ring adjacent to the tire and the flank of the vehicle wheel; and (f) a device for rotating the drum; the vertical or radial loading device and the lateral or axial loading device each being independently connected in an articulated manner to the mounting device, wherein the mounting device is supported in such a displaceable manner that the vehicle wheel, for automatic camber adjustment, is capable of swivelling about the wheel contact point.
摘要翻译： 用于在类似负载条件下测试车轮，轮胎，轮毂，轴承和螺栓的装置包括：（a）用于以可旋转的方式紧固车轮并用于将其转动到不同的外倾角的安装装置; （b）滚筒，其以这样的方式设置在车轮周围，车轮可以经由其上的轮胎与滚筒的内周面滚动接触; （c）用于将垂直或径向力施加到安装装置上的垂直或径向加载装置连接到该装载装置; （d）用于施加沿车辆车轮的横向或轴向方向作用的横向或轴向力的横向或轴向装载装置，用于将侧向或轴向力施加到安装装置上的侧向或轴向装载装置， ; （e）至少一个环，其设置在所述滚筒的内周表面上并且布置成与所述轮胎和所述车轮的所述侧面相邻的止挡环; 和（f）用于使滚筒旋转的装置; 垂直或径向加载装置和横向或轴向装载装置各自以铰接方式独立地连接到安装装置，其中安装装置以可移动的方式被支撑，使得用于自动弯度调节的车轮能够 围绕车轮接触点转动。
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4.发明授权Process and apparatus for testing the axles and/or springs and/or adjacent components of commercial vehicles 失效用于测试商用车辆的车轴和/或弹簧和/或相邻部件的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4951504A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-28
申请号：US377470
申请日：1989-07-10
CPC分类号： G01N3/00 , G01M13/00 , G01M13/027 , G01M17/04 , G01N2203/0026 , G01N2203/0288 , G01N2203/029
摘要： The invention provides a process and an apparatus for testing commercial icle axles and/or springs and/or components adjacent thereto under load conditions resembling those occurring in practice. An entire commercial vehicle axle with two commercial vehicle springs and original attachment parts are tested by the introduction of low frequency deformations of vertical forces into a supporting assembly and of lateral forces, longitudinal forces and high frequency vertical wheel forces in each case into a wheel substitute or wheel or a brake force transmitting lever. In the course of this test, the supporting assembly is tilted about a pivot shaft or pivot axis which is displaceable in the vertical direction so that the axle of the commercial vehicle remains parallel to the horizontal. Vertical spring excursions and tilting of the supporting assembly are brought about by two vertical force generators which act on the supporting assembly and produce forces of reaction at the point of contact of the wheel tread with the vertical support. For testing the springs of the commercial vehicle alone, only one lateral force generator is used instead of two; and for the introduction of braking and driving forces and/or longitudinal forces, only one braking and driving force generator is used instead of two and, respectively, only one longitudinal force generator instead of two. The single force generator then acts at the center of the axle by way of a force transmitting means which is fixed to the right and the left wheel substitute or the right and left brake force transmitting lever.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于在类似于实际发生的载荷条件下测试商用车辆车轴和/或与其相邻的部件的装置。 具有两个商业车辆弹簧和原始附件的整个商业车辆车轴通过将垂直力的低频变形引入支撑组件以及在每种情况下的侧向力，纵向力和高频垂直轮力引入到轮子替代物中来测试 或车轮或制动力传递杆。 在该测试的过程中，支撑组件围绕枢转轴或枢转轴线倾斜，该枢转轴或枢转轴线可在垂直方向上移动，使得商用车辆的车轴保持与水平面平行。 支撑组件的垂直弹簧偏移和倾斜由作用在支撑组件上的两个垂直力产生器引起，并且在轮胎踏面与垂直支撑件的接触点处产生反作用力。 为了单独测试商用车的弹簧，仅使用一个侧向力发生器而不是两个; 并且为了引入制动和驱动力和/或纵向力，仅使用一个制动和驱动力发生器来代替两个并且仅分别仅一个纵向力发生器而不是两个。 然后单个力发生器通过力传递装置作用在车轴的中心，该力传递装置固定在右侧和左侧车轮上的替代物或左右制动力传递杆上。
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5.发明授权Test rig and process for testing motor vehicle assemblies, in particular independent wheel suspension 失效用于测试机动车组件的测试台和过程，特别是独立的车轮悬架
公开(公告)号：US5487301A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-30
申请号：US13099
申请日：1993-02-03
CPC分类号： G01M13/027 , G01M17/04
摘要： A test rig for testing motor-vehicle assemblies includes a loading device for inducing vertical forces, lateral forces, longitudinal forces and braking or driving forces in the motor-vehicle assembly. The test rig includes a control device for controlling the loading device in such a way as to ensure that the vertical forces, lateral forces, longitudinal forces and braking or driving forces are induced in the motor-vehicle assembly according to a predetermined control loading programme. The control loading programme causes different loading cases of the motor-vehicle assembly, which are realistic in terms of the physics of driving, to be simulated repeatedly in a temporally consecutive sequence. The control loading programme is a standardised basic programme adapted, with the aid of vehicle-and/or axle-specific conversion values and test-rig-specific conversion values, to the given motor-vehicle assembly to be tested in the given case. Preferably, a modifying device is provided for adapting the motor-vehicle assembly to the standardised basic loading programme, whereby the modifying device enables adaptation of the basic loading programme in a particularly uncomplicated manner. The modifying device linearises the suspension spring characteristic of the motor-vehicle assembly.
摘要翻译： 用于测试机动车辆组件的测试台包括用于在机动车辆组件中引起垂直力，侧向力，纵向力和制动或驱动力的装载装置。 测试台包括用于控制加载装置的控制装置，以便确保根据预定的控制加载程序在机动车组件中引起垂直力，横向力，纵向力和制动或驱动力。 控制装载程序导致在时间上连续的序列中重复模拟的机动车辆组件的不同载荷情况，其在驾驶物理学上是现实的。 控制加载程序是一种标准化的基本程序，借助车辆和/或车轴特定的转换值和特定于测试者的转换值，在给定的情况下，给予给定的机动车组件进行测试。 优选地，提供修改装置用于使机动车辆组件适应标准化的基本加载程序，由此修改装置能够以特别简单的方式适应基本加载程序。 修改装置将车辆组件的悬架弹簧特性曲线化。
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公开(公告)号：US5026122A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-25
申请号：US837885
申请日：1986-03-10
摘要： A wheel is provided for a commercial vehicle which comprises a wheel disk having bolt holes in the region of the wheel mounting face for attaching the wheel disc to a wheel hub flange or to a brake drum by way of wheel bolts and intermediate disks surrounding the bolt holes directly and concentrically and which by themselves provide a support surface between wheel mounting face wheel hub flange or, respectively, brake drum or dual wheel. The intermediate disks allow to avoid fretting corrosion in the support region of the wheel disc, stiffening of the wheel disk central region, avoiding of surface damage, and improvement of the bolting. The intermediate disks can be solidly attached to the wheel disk by way of adhesive disposed in between, by friction setting, or by casting.
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7.发明授权Device for testing trailer couplings under loading conditions resembling those occurring in use, preferably with inclusion of the construction for fixing the trailer coupling 失效用于在与使用中相似的负载条件下测试拖车联轴器的装置，优选地包括用于固定拖车联轴器的结构
公开(公告)号：US5024102A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-18
申请号：US431328
申请日：1989-11-03
IPC分类号： G01M99/00
CPC分类号： G01M99/00
摘要： The invention provides a device for testing trailer couplings which transmit a traction to a trailer by way of a trailer coupling ring on the drawbar of the trailer, the test being carried out under loading conditions similar to those occurring in practice, preferably with inclusion of the construction for fixing the trailer coupling, in particular the tail cross-member to which the trailer coupling is attached and optionally frame parts adjoining the tail cross-member. A longitudinal force generating device which produces a longitudinal force acting in the direction of traction of the connection between the trailer coupling and the trailer coupling ring and a vertical force generating device which produces a vertical force extending perpendicularly or approximately perpendicularly to the direction of action of the traction are coupled to a force transmitting connecting member to which can be attached the trailer coupling ring which is connected to the trailer coupling. The parts are coupled together in such a manner that the direction of action of the vertical force exerted on the force transmitting connecting member by the vertical force generating device and the direction of action of the longitudinal force exerted on the force transmitting connecting member by the longitudinal force generating device intersect at the point at which the trailer coupling ring is attached to the trailer coupling.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于测试拖车联轴器的装置，其通过拖车的牵引杆上的拖车联接环将牵引力传递到拖车，该试验在与实践中类似的加载条件下进行，优选地包括 用于固定拖车联轴器的结构，特别是拖车联轴器附接到的尾部横梁，以及可选地与邻接尾部横梁的框架部件。 纵向力产生装置，其产生沿拖车联接器和拖车联接环之间的连接的牵引方向作用的纵向力，以及垂直力产生装置，其产生垂直或垂直于垂直于大致垂直于 牵引力联接到力传递连接构件，所述力传递连接构件可附接到连接到拖车联轴器的拖车联接环。 这些部件以这样的方式联接在一起，使得垂直力产生装置施加在力传递连接构件上的垂直力的作用方向和纵向力作用方向由纵向力作用在力传递连接构件上 力产生装置在拖车联接环附接到拖车联轴器的点处相交。
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公开(公告)号：US4842338A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US445253
申请日：1982-11-29
摘要： A wheel is provided for a commercial vehicle which comprises a wheel disc having bolt holes in the region of the wheel mounting face for attaching the wheel disc to a wheel hub flange or to a brake drum by way of wheel bolts and intermediate disks surrounding the bolt holes directly and concentrically and which by themselves provide a support surface between wheel mounting face, wheel hub flange or, respectively, brake drum or dual wheel. The intermediate disks allow to avoid fretting corrosion in the support region of the wheel disc, stiffening of the wheel disc central region, avoiding of surface damage, and improvement of the bolting. The intermediate disks can be solidly attached to the wheel disc by way of adhesive disposed in between, by friction setting, or by casting.
摘要翻译： 为商业车辆提供车轮，其包括在车轮安装面的区域中具有螺栓孔的轮盘，用于通过车轮螺栓和围绕螺栓的中间盘将轮盘附接到轮毂法兰或制动鼓 孔直接和同心，并且它们本身在轮安装面，轮毂法兰之间提供支撑表面，或者分别是制动鼓或双轮。 中间盘允许避免轮盘的支撑区域中的微动腐蚀，轮盘中心区域的加强，避免表面损坏以及螺栓的改进。 中间盘可以通过布置在其间，通过摩擦设置或通过铸造的粘合剂牢固地附接到轮盘。
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公开(公告)号：US4800748A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-31
申请号：US11637
申请日：1987-02-06
CPC分类号： G01M17/10
摘要： The invention provides a method and an apparatus for testing wheel-sets ofail vehicles under loading conditions resembling those occurring in service, in which radial and/or axial forces are introduced into the wheel via the contact point of the wheel and the rings which represent the rail simulating all operational loading conditions. In a particular embodiment of the method and the apparatus according to the invention, it is also possible to introduce additional axial forces into the wheel contact point of one or both vehicle wheels through the rim and the rings which represent the rail on which the wheel runs during the test in addition to the axial forces introduced through the axle. It is possible by this arrangement to test a whole wheel-set of a rail vehicle and so to determined its reliability possible critical areas under operational loading conditions.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于测试轨道车辆轮组的方法和装置，该载荷条件类似于在使用中发生的那些状态，其中径向和/或轴向力通过车轮的接触点和代表 该轨道模拟所有操作负载条件。 在根据本发明的方法和装置的特定实施例中，还可以通过轮缘将一些或两个车轮的车轮接触点中引入额外的轴向力，并且代表车轮行驶的轨道的环 在测试期间除了通过轴引入的轴向力之外。 可以通过这种安排来测试轨道车辆的整个轮组，并且因此确定其在可操作负载条件下的可靠关键区域的可靠性。
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公开(公告)号：US4724703A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-16
申请号：US944543
申请日：1986-12-19
摘要： The overall deformation of a tire is measured by using two reference points in different parts of or at least in close proximity to different parts of the rim of the wheel, the reference points are spaced apart in a direction transversely to the plane of rotation of the tire; two transducers are respectively connected to the reference points and to the same particular point on the inside of the tire opposite the running surface to establish a triangle in a cross sectional radial plane of the tire; each of the transducers includes a force sensing element responsive to the change in distance between the respective reference point and the measuring point; the transducers further including tension springs to establish mobility as between the measuring and reference points.
摘要翻译： 通过在轮的边缘的不同部分的不同部分或至少紧邻的不同部分使用两个参考点来测量轮胎的整体变形，参考点在横向于旋转平面的方向上间隔开 胎; 两个换能器分别连接到参考点和与运行表面相对的轮胎内侧上的相同特定点，以在轮胎的横截面径向平面中建立三角形; 每个换能器包括响应于各个参考点和测量点之间的距离变化的力感测元件; 换能器还包括拉伸弹簧，以在测量点和参考点之间建立移动性。
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