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    Processes for producing sterols from fatty acid production residues
    1.
    发明授权
    Processes for producing sterols from fatty acid production residues 有权
    从脂肪酸生产残留物生产甾醇的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06956125B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-10-18

    申请号：US09923629

    申请日：2001-08-07

    申请人： Gerhard Wollmann ,  Joerg Schwarzer ,  Bernhard Gutsche

    发明人： Gerhard Wollmann ,  Joerg Schwarzer ,  Bernhard Gutsche

    IPC分类号： C07J9/00

    CPC分类号： C07J9/00

    摘要： The invention relates to a process for the production of sterols from fatty acid distillation residues, characterized in that the partial glycerides are subjected to a first transesterification step under mild conditions and, after working up and the removal of impurities, the sterol esters are subjected to a second transesterification step under more extreme conditions.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从脂肪酸蒸馏残余物生产固醇的方法，其特征在于在温和条件下对部分甘油酯进行第一酯交换步骤，在加工和除去杂质后，使甾醇酯经受 在更极端条件下的第二个酯交换步骤。

    Processes for preparing phytosterols and substantially citrostadienol-free phytosterols prepared thereby
    3.
    发明授权
    Processes for preparing phytosterols and substantially citrostadienol-free phytosterols prepared thereby 失效
    由此制备植物甾醇和基本上没有使用柠檬油内酯的植物甾醇的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06979743B1

    公开(公告)日：2005-12-27

    申请号：US09913377

    申请日：2000-02-04

    申请人： Joerg Schwarzer ,  Bernhard Gutsche

    发明人： Joerg Schwarzer ,  Bernhard Gutsche

    IPC分类号： A23L33/11 ,  C07D311/72 ,  C07J9/00 ,  C07J75/00 ,  C07D9/00

    CPC分类号： C07J75/00 ,  A23L33/11 ,  C07J9/00

    摘要： Processes for preparing substantially citrostadienol-free phytosterols are disclosed. The processes described include dissolving a liquid phytosterol in a hydrocarbon solvent, optionally with added methanol, and crystallizing the phytosterol compounds. Also described are the resulting phytosterols which are substantially citrostadienol-free, and preferably contain less than 0.5% by weight citrostadienol.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于制备基本上没有使用柠檬未偶姻的植物甾醇的方法。 所述方法包括将液体植物甾醇溶解在烃溶剂中，任选地加入甲醇，并使植物甾醇化合物结晶。 还描述了所得到的植物甾醇基本上不含柠檬基二甲氧基酚，并且优选含有少于0.5重量％的雄甾二烯二醇。

    Process for the production of ammonium fatty acid hydroxyalkanesulfonates
    4.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of ammonium fatty acid hydroxyalkanesulfonates 失效
    生产铵型脂肪酸羟基烷基磺酸盐的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5473089A

    公开(公告)日：1995-12-05

    申请号：US227846

    申请日：1994-04-14

    申请人： Bernhard Gutsche ,  Timothy J. Cassady ,  Lutz Jeromin ,  Gerhard Wollmann ,  Norman Milstein ,  Hans-Christian Raths

    发明人： Bernhard Gutsche ,  Timothy J. Cassady ,  Lutz Jeromin ,  Gerhard Wollmann ,  Norman Milstein ,  Hans-Christian Raths

    IPC分类号： C07C303/32 ,  C07C309/12 ,  C07B45/00

    CPC分类号： C07C303/32

    摘要： Ammonium fatty acid hydroxyalkanesulfonates are made by a process in which (a) ammonium hydroxyalkanesulfonate corresponding to general formula (I):HO--(C.sub.n H.sub.2n)--SO.sub.3 NH.sub.4 (I)wherein n=2 to 4, is subjected to the esterification reaction with a fatty acid corresponding to the formula (II)R--COOH (II)wherein RCO is an aliphatic, linear or branched acyl radical containing 6 to 18 carbon atoms, in the presence of an esterification catalyst, characterized in that (a) before the esterification reaction, the starting compounds corresponding to formulae (I) and (II) are dried at a temperature of 120.degree. C. to 160.degree. C. and under a pressure of 100 to 700 mbar; (b) the esterification reaction is carried out at a temperature above 160.degree. C. to 195.degree. C. and under a pressure of 250 mbar to atmospheric pressure; (c) water of solution and water of reaction formed are directly removed from the reaction mixture; (d) the catalyst is neutralized with a base on completion of the reaction.

    摘要翻译： 脂肪酸羟基烷基磺酸铵通过以下方法制备：（a）对应于通式（I）的羟基链烷磺酸铵：其中n = 2至4的HO-（CnH2n）-SO3NH4（I）与脂肪进行酯化反应 对应于式（II）R-COOH（II）的酸，其中RCO是含有6至18个碳原子的脂族，直链或支链酰基，在酯化催化剂存在下，其特征在于（a）酯化反应 对应于式（I）和（II）的起始化合物在120℃至160℃的温度和100至700毫巴的压力下干燥; （b）酯化反应在160℃至195℃和250毫巴至大气压的压力下进行; （c）直接从反应混合物中除去所形成反应的溶液和水; （d）催化剂在反应完成时用碱中和。

    Composition for controlled tempering by means of phase change, production and use thereof
    5.
    发明申请
    Composition for controlled tempering by means of phase change, production and use thereof 审中-公开
    通过相变，生产和使用控制回火的组成

    公开(公告)号：US20060233986A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-19

    申请号：US10544023

    申请日：2003-12-19

    申请人： Bernhard Gutsche ,  Gerhard Wollmann ,  Albert Strube ,  Eike Mahnke

    发明人： Bernhard Gutsche ,  Gerhard Wollmann ,  Albert Strube ,  Eike Mahnke

    IPC分类号： B32B27/32

    CPC分类号： C09K5/063 ,  A61F2007/0292 ,  F28D20/02 ,  F28D2020/0008 ,  Y02E60/145 ,  Y02E60/147 ,  Y10T428/1334

    摘要： This disclosure relates to a heat or cold storage composition comprising at least one continuous and at least one discontinuous phase, the continuous phase being liquid or at least plastic at a temperature of −10 to 50° C. and the discontinuous phase—present in the continuous phase—being particulate and containing as phase change material (PCM) at least 10% by weight of an organic compound with a melting point of 0 to 50° C. and at least one structuring polymeric compound. It also relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for controlled heating/cooling by phase change and to a device for the controlled heating/cooling of an object by phase change at least comprising a container for holding a composition according to the invention.

    摘要翻译： 本公开涉及包含至少一个连续和至少一个不连续相的热或冷储存组合物，所述连续相是液体或在-10至50℃的温度下至少是塑料，并且所述不连续相存在于 连续相分散的颗粒并含有至少10重量％的熔点为0至50℃的有机化合物和至少一种结构化聚合化合物作为相变材料（PCM）。 它还涉及根据本发明的组合物用于通过相变的受控加热/冷却以及通过相变的用于受控加热/冷却物体的装置的用途，所述相变至少包括用于保持根据本发明的组合物的容器 。

    Process for the continuous transesterification of fatty acid lower alkyl esters
    8.
    发明授权
    Process for the continuous transesterification of fatty acid lower alkyl esters 失效
    脂肪酸低级烷基酯连续酯交换的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4976892A

    公开(公告)日：1990-12-11

    申请号：US323517

    申请日：1989-03-14

    申请人： Lutz Jeromin ,  Eberhard Peukert ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Gerhard Wollmann ,  Bernard Schleper

    发明人： Lutz Jeromin ,  Eberhard Peukert ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Gerhard Wollmann ,  Bernard Schleper

    IPC分类号： C07C67/02 ,  B01J23/04 ,  B01J31/02 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C69/30

    CPC分类号： C11C3/02

    摘要： A process for the continuous transesterification of C.sub.6 -C.sub.22 fatty acid lower alkyl esters, particularly methyl esters, with polyhydric C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alcohols, particularly glycerol, in a reaction column comprising a rectifying and reaction section, alkaline catalysts and polyhydric alcohol are introduced into the upper part of the reaction column and boiling fatty acid methyl ester is introduced into the middle part of the reaction column. The product collected in the sump of the column is removed, heated and returned to the lower part of the reaction column. Product is removed from the sump. Lower alkanols passing from the reaction column section to the rectifying section are rectified. The reaction column is operated in boiling equilibrium in its lower part and predominantly in an absorption/desorption equilibrium in its upper part.

    摘要翻译： 在包含精馏和反应部分的反应塔，碱性催化剂和多元醇中，将C6-C22脂肪酸低级烷基酯，特别是甲基酯与多元醇C 2 -C 5醇，特别是甘油连续酯交换的方法被引入 将反应塔上部和沸腾脂肪酸甲酯引入反应塔的中间部分。 将收集在柱的集水槽中的产物除去，加热并返回到反应塔的下部。 产品从集水槽中取出。 将从反应塔部分流出的低级链烷醇精馏。 反应塔在其下部以沸腾平衡运行，主要在上部的吸收/解吸平衡。

    Process for the production of fatty acid alkyl esters
    9.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of fatty acid alkyl esters 失效
    生产脂肪酸烷基酯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08580986B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-11-12

    申请号：US12304078

    申请日：2007-05-16

    申请人： Eric Dubreucq ,  Albrecht Weiss ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Bernd Fabry ,  Guy Moulin

    发明人： Eric Dubreucq ,  Albrecht Weiss ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Bernd Fabry ,  Guy Moulin

    IPC分类号： C11C3/00 ,  C12P7/64

    CPC分类号： C12P7/649 ,  A23K10/10 ,  C10L1/026 ,  C11C3/003 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02E50/17

    摘要： Disclosed is an improved process for the production of fatty acid lower alkyl esters according to formula (I) R1CO—OR2  (I) in which R1CO represents a linear or branched acyl moiety having from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms and 0 to 6 double bonds and wherein R2 is a linear or branched alkyl moiety having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, by transesterification of triglycerides or fatty acid esters using C1-C6 aliphatic alcohols, which includes the steps of (a) providing an aqueous mixture of aliphatic C1-C6 alcohol by fermenting in a first reactor a carbon source comprising carbohydrates and/or glycerol produce a fermentation broth comprising said aliphatic C1-C6 alcohol, (b) providing in a second reactor a triglyceride and/or an ester of a fatty acid, together with a biocatalyst capable of effecting a transesterification reaction, (c) transferring said aqueous aliphatic C1-C6 alcohol mixture obtained from said first reactor into said second reactor to provide a two-phase system, and (d) effecting the transesterification reaction to produce said fatty acid lower alkyl ester and a glycerol- or alcohol-containing aqueous phase. The products thus obtained are particularly useful as components of the fuel known as biodiesel.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种改进的式（I）R1CO-OR2（I）的脂肪酸低级烷基酯的制备方法，其中R 1 CO表示具有约6至约22个碳原子且0至6个双键的直链或支链酰基部分 并且其中R 2是具有1至6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基部分，通过使用C 1 -C 6脂族醇进行甘油三酯或脂肪酸酯的酯交换反应，其包括以下步骤：（a）提供脂族C 1 -C 6 醇通过在第一反应器中发酵包含碳水化合物和/或甘油的碳源产生包含所述脂族C 1 -C 6醇的发酵液，（b）在第二反应器中提供甘油三酯和/或脂肪酸酯，以及 能够进行酯交换反应的生物催化剂，（c）将从所述第一反应器获得的脂族C 1 -C 6醇混合物混合物转移到所述第二反应器中以提供两相体系，和（d） g的酯交换反应以产生所述脂肪酸低级烷基酯和含甘油或醇的水相。 这样得到的产物特别适用于称为生物柴油的燃料的组分。

    Lipophilic Preparations
    10.
    发明申请
    Lipophilic Preparations 审中-公开
    亲脂性制剂

    公开(公告)号：US20110089370A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-04-21

    申请号：US12672705

    申请日：2008-08-01

    申请人： Bernhard Gutsche ,  Ulrich Schörken ,  Albrecht Weiss ,  Bernd Fabry

    发明人： Bernhard Gutsche ,  Ulrich Schörken ,  Albrecht Weiss ,  Bernd Fabry

    IPC分类号： C12P7/64 ,  C09K3/00

    CPC分类号： C12P7/6463 ,  C11C3/003

    摘要： Disclosed are novel lipophilic preparations comprising (a) from 20 to 40% by weight of myristic acid or esters thereof, (b) from 20 to 40% by weight of palmitic acid or esters thereof, (c) from 0.1 to 5% by weight of aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons and (d) less than 20% by weight of carboxylic acids or esters thereof having 12 and fewer carbons in the acyl moiety and (e) less than 20% by weight of carboxylic acids or esters thereof having 16 and more carbons in the acyl moiety, with the proviso that all percentages add up to 100% by weight.

    摘要翻译： 公开了新的亲脂性制剂，其包含（a）20至40重量％的肉豆蔻酸或其酯，（b）20至40重量％的棕榈酸或其酯，（c）0.1至5重量％ 的脂族和/或脂环族烃和（d）少于20重量％的在酰基部分中具有12个或更少碳原子的羧酸或其酯，和（e）少于20重量％的具有16个碳原子的羧酸或其酯 和酰基部分中的更多碳，条件是所有百分比加起来为100重量％。