Dynamic subsurface engineering
    1.
    发明授权
    Dynamic subsurface engineering 有权
    动态地下工程

    公开(公告)号:US08849639B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-09-30

    申请号:US12884368

    申请日:2010-09-17

    CPC classification number: E21B43/00 E21B49/00

    Abstract: An example system includes interconnected modeling modules that share knowledge to create a unified earth model dynamically representing a subsurface site. The system models and may simulate subsurface operations associated with, for example: hydrocarbon production and stimulation, natural gas storage, carbon capture and storage, aquifer maintenance, geothermal energy production, and in-situ leachable ore processing. The system integrates a reporting module, and also an economic module to evaluate cost versus benefit of each subsurface operation. A related example method for performing subsurface engineering includes generating a model of a subsurface site including a geological horizon, obtaining an offset relative to the geological horizon, and locating an operation based on the offset. When field data update the model in real time, positions of 3D objects and 3D surfaces are dynamically updated in the model, including the positions of the modeled operations.

    Abstract translation: 示例系统包括互连的建模模块,其共享知识以创建动态表示地下站点的统一地球模型。 该系统模拟并可以模拟与例如:碳氢化合物生产和刺激,天然气储存,碳捕获和储存,含水层维护,地热能生产和原位可浸出的矿石加工相关的地下作业。 该系统集成了一个报告模块,也是一个经济模块,用于评估每个地下操作的成本与收益。 用于执行地下工程的相关示例性方法包括生成包括地质水平的地下站点的模型,获得相对于地质地平线的偏移,以及基于偏移定位操作。 当现场数据实时更新模型时,3D对象和3D曲面的位置将在模型中动态更新,包括建模操作的位置。

    Nanograss gamma detector
    2.
    发明授权
    Nanograss gamma detector 有权
    Nanograss伽马探测器

    公开(公告)号:US07767958B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-08-03

    申请号:US12043300

    申请日:2008-03-06

    CPC classification number: G01T1/185 G01V5/04 Y10S977/742

    Abstract: A gamma-ray detector comprising: a housing having a window through which gamma rays can enter; the housing comprising; a two-dimensional array of electrically conducting carbon nanotubes, which act as a cathode, on a substrate; a metal plate electrode, which acts as an anode, positioned opposite the substrate so that there is a gap containing a gas between the electrode and the nanotubes; and a voltage source connected to the substrate and the electrode such that when in use the voltage between the substrate and the electrode is maintained below the arc-threshold voltage so that no electric current can flow through the gap between the nanotubes and the electrode; wherein the electrode and the substrate are arranged such that when a gamma ray enters the housing and hits one of the nanotubes a spark discharge is triggered between the nanotubes and the plate electrode creating an electrical current that can be measured.

    Abstract translation: 一种伽马射线检测器,包括:壳体,具有可以进入伽马射线的窗口; 所述壳体包括: 用作阴极的导电碳纳米管的二维阵列; 用作阳极的金属板电极,与基板相对设置,使得在电极和纳米管之间存在包含气体的间隙; 以及连接到所述基板和所述电极的电压源,使得当在使用中时,所述基板和所述电极之间的电压被维持在所述电弧阈值电压以下,使得没有电流可以流过所述纳米管和所述电极之间的间隙; 其中所述电极和所述基底被布置成使得当伽马射线进入所述壳体并撞击所述纳米管中的一个时,在所述纳米管和所述平板电极之间触发火花放电,产生可以测量的电流。

    Refractory sand composition
    3.
    发明授权
    Refractory sand composition 失效
    耐火砂组成

    公开(公告)号:US5576255A

    公开(公告)日:1996-11-19

    申请号:US527552

    申请日:1995-09-13

    CPC classification number: C04B35/20 B22D41/46

    Abstract: Compositions for refractory materials and methods for providing the compositions are described. A synthetic forsterite-rich refractory sand composition includes a mixture. The mixture includes: a) a carbon bridging agent, the carbon bridging agent being present in the mixture in a proportion of from approximately 5 to approximately 15 percent by weight of the mixture; and b) a synthetic forsterite-rich sand, the synthetic forsterite-rich sand being free-flowing, having a MgO:SiO.sub.2 weight ratio of at least approximately 1.2, a specific gravity of approximately 3 g/cm.sup.3, a void volume of less than approximately 50 percent by volume of the synthetic forsterite-rich sand, and a fusion point of at least approximately 1610.degree. C., wherein i) at least approximately 50 percent by weight of the synthetic forsterite-rich sand is forsterite, and ii) from approximately 3 to approximately 27 percent by weight of the synthetic forsterite-rich sand is maghemite. The compositions and methods provide advantages in that the resulting refractory product have suitable characteristics with respect to size distribution, packing ability, thermal resistance and sintering properties for utilization as ladle sand or for similar refractory uses.

    Abstract translation: 描述了用于耐火材料的组合物和用于提供组合物的方法。 合成的富含镁橄榄石的耐火砂组合物包括混合物。 混合物包括:a)碳桥连剂,碳桥连剂以混合物的约5至约15重量%的比例存在于混合物中; 和b)富含合成镁橄榄石的砂,合成的富含镁橄榄石的砂是自由流动的,具有至少约1.2的MgO:SiO 2重量比,约3g / cm 3的比重,空隙体积小于 约50体积%的合成富含镁橄榄石的砂和至少约1610℃的熔点,其中i)至少约50重量%的合成富含镁橄榄石的砂是镁橄榄石,和ii) 约3至约27%重量的合成镁橄榄石砂是磁赤铁矿。 组合物和方法提供的优点在于所得到的耐火产品在用作钢包砂或类似耐火材料用途的尺寸分布,包装能力,耐热性和烧结性能方面具有合适的特性。

    Preparation of refractory materials from asbestos tailings
    4.
    发明授权
    Preparation of refractory materials from asbestos tailings 失效
    从石棉尾矿制备耐火材料

    公开(公告)号:US5374593A

    公开(公告)日:1994-12-20

    申请号:US839508

    申请日:1992-02-21

    CPC classification number: C04B35/20 B22D41/46

    Abstract: A process for obtaining a synthetic refractory sand for use in steelmaking, said synthetic refractory sand being free-flowing, comprising at least 50% forsterite, having semi-angular and irregularly shaped grains, lenses and flat grains, a specific gravity of approximately 3 g/cm.sup.3, a void volume of less than approximately 50%, a coefficient of thermal expansion of approximately 1.09.times.10.sup.-5 and a fusion point of at least 1610.degree. C. including the steps of: (a) agglomerating a mixture comprising a particulate starting material selected from the group consisting of serpentine-containing asbestos tailings and an enstatite-containing product produced by calcining serpentine-containing asbestos tailings and from 10% to 25%, based on the total weight of mixture, of magnesium oxides or precursors of magnesium oxides with an aqueous binder solution to obtain agglomerates of said mixture; (b) calcining said agglomerates at a temperature of from 1200.degree. C. to 1500.degree. C. for from 1 to 2 hours; (c) recovering said synthetic refractory sand from the calcined agglomerates; and (d) crushing said synthetic refractory sand to a desired mesh size.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于获得用于炼钢的合成耐火砂的方法,所述合成耐火砂自由流动,包括至少50%的镁橄榄石,具有半角和不规则形状的颗粒,透镜和扁平颗粒,比重为约3g / cm3,小于约50%的空隙体积,约1.09×10 -5的热膨胀系数和至少1610℃的熔点,包括以下步骤:(a)将包含颗粒起始物 选自蛇纹石的石棉尾矿的组合物和通过煅烧蛇纹石的石棉尾矿产生的含有顽火石的产品和基于混合物的总重量的10%至25%的氧化镁或镁氧化物的前体 与粘合剂水溶液一起获得所述混合物的附聚物; (b)在1200℃至1500℃的温度下煅烧所述附聚物1至2小时; (c)从煅烧附聚物回收所述合成耐火砂; 和(d)将所述合成耐火砂粉碎成所需的网眼尺寸。

    Mining systems and methods
    5.
    发明授权
    Mining systems and methods 有权
    采矿系统和方法

    公开(公告)号:US09234980B2

    公开(公告)日:2016-01-12

    申请号:US13990946

    申请日:2011-12-02

    CPC classification number: G01V8/10 E21B43/28 E21B47/00 E21B47/065 E21B47/09

    Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods capable of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of leaching operations. In one embodiment, the present invention may utilize a coiled tubing directional drilling system capable of treating interior portions of the heap/formation. In one embodiment, the present invention may utilize a system and method capable of capturing real time temperature and resistivity data pertaining to pregnant solution characteristics in the heap/formation. In one embodiment, the present invention may utilize one or more wire line deployed X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers capable of quantitatively measuring concentrations of desired metals in the heap/formation during leaching operations. In one embodiment, the present invention utilizes multiple passes of elemental capture spectroscopy logs acquired at regular time intervals to monitor metal concentrations during leaching operations. In one embodiment, the present invention provides one or more subsurface barriers capable of optimizing leaching operations.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供能够提高浸出操作的效率和有效性的系统和方法。 在一个实施例中,本发明可以利用能够处理堆/地层内部的连续油管定向钻井系统。 在一个实施例中,本发明可以利用能够捕获与堆/地层中的怀孕溶液特征有关的实时温度和电阻率数据的系统和方法。 在一个实施方案中,本发明可利用能够在浸出操作期间能够定量测量堆/地层中所需金属浓度的一条或多条有线线路部署的X射线荧光(XRF)光谱仪。 在一个实施方案中,本发明利用以规则的时间间隔获得的元素捕获光谱学日志的多次通过来监测浸出操作期间的金属浓度。 在一个实施例中,本发明提供能够优化浸出操作的一个或多个地下障碍物。

    Heap leach operations
    6.
    发明授权
    Heap leach operations 有权
    堆浸操作

    公开(公告)号:US08986423B2

    公开(公告)日:2015-03-24

    申请号:US13513551

    申请日:2010-12-01

    CPC classification number: C22B3/02 C22B3/04 C22B15/0065 Y02P10/234 Y02P10/236

    Abstract: A method of heap leaching including forming a heap lift, installing a horizontal solution collection system between the heap layers including a horizontal tubing with a wireline data collection tool disposed therein, providing a heap leach model for modeling the heap leach operation including a solvent formulation and a irrigation setting, obtaining collected data from the wireline data collection tool while irrigating the heap lift, the collected data including in-situ material parameters of the heap layers and in-situ solution parameters of the solution flowing in the heap layers, modeling the heap leach operation using the collected data based on the heap leach model to generate a result, and adjusting the heap leach operation based on the result.

    Abstract translation: 一种堆浸方法,包括形成堆提升,在堆层之间安装水平解决方案收集系统,包括设置在其中的有线数据收集工具的水平管道,提供堆浸模型,用于对包括溶剂配方的堆浸操作进行建模, 灌溉设置,从有线数据收集工具获取收集的数据,同时灌溉堆升降,收集的数据包括堆层的原位材料参数和在堆层中流动的解决方案的原位解决参数,对堆进行建模 使用基于堆浸模型的收集数据生成结果的浸出操作,并根据结果调整堆浸取操作。

    Single-lens extended depth-of-field imaging systems
    7.
    发明授权
    Single-lens extended depth-of-field imaging systems 有权
    单透镜扩展景深成像系统

    公开(公告)号:US08488044B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-07-16

    申请号:US12735872

    申请日:2009-02-17

    Applicant: Gilles Mathieu

    Inventor: Gilles Mathieu

    Abstract: An extended depth of field (EDOF) imaging system that has a corresponding extended depth of focus (EDOF′). The imaging system has an optical system consisting of a single lens element and an objectwise aperture stop arrange substantially at a zero-coma axial position. The single lens element is configured so that the optical system has a select amount of spherical aberration (SA) in the range 0.2λ≦SA≦2λ, where λ is an imaging wavelength. The single lens element generates an amount of axial chromatic aberration that increases the EDOF while decreasing the average MTF of the optical system relative to the optical system having no chromatic aberration. The imaging system has an image sensor for forming a digitized raw image of an object.

    Abstract translation: 扩展景深(EDOF)成像系统具有相应的扩展焦深(EDOF')。 该成像系统具有由单个透镜元件和基本上在零昏迷轴向位置排列的物镜孔径光阑组成的光学系统。 单透镜元件被配置为使得光学系统具有在0.2λ@ SA @2λ范围内的选择量的球面像差(SA),其中λ是成像波长。 单个透镜元件产生一定量的轴向色差,其增加了EDOF,同时相对于没有色差的光学系统减小了光学系统的平均MTF。 成像系统具有用于形成物体的数字化原始图像的图像传感器。

    Thick single-lens extended depth-of-field imaging systems
    8.
    发明授权
    Thick single-lens extended depth-of-field imaging systems 有权
    厚单透镜扩展景深成像系统

    公开(公告)号:US08416334B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-04-09

    申请号:US12799537

    申请日:2010-04-27

    Applicant: Gilles Mathieu

    Inventor: Gilles Mathieu

    CPC classification number: G02B27/0075 G02B13/0025

    Abstract: An extended depth of field (EDOF) imaging system (10) is disclosed that has an optical system (20) consisting of a single lens element (22) having a focal length (F), a thickness (TH) between 0.25F and 1.2F, and an objectwise aperture stop (AS). The optical system has a select amount of spherical aberration (SA) that allows for correcting coma by positioning the aperture stop. The optical system has an amount of field curvature (FC) such that 20 microns≦FC≦300 microns, which is made possible by the thickness of the single lens element. The imaging system has an image sensor (30) and an image processing unit (54) adapted to process raw images to form contrast-enhanced images.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种扩展景深(EDOF)成像系统(10),其具有由具有焦距(F),0.25F和1.2之间的厚度(TH)的单个透镜元件(22)组成的光学系统(20) F和目标光圈光阑(AS)。 光学系统具有允许通过定位孔径光阑来校正彗差的选择量的球面像差(SA)。 光学系统具有使得通过单个透镜元件的厚度成为可能的20微米& FC≦̸ 300微米的场曲率(FC)的量。 成像系统具有适于处理原始图像以形成对比度增强图像的图像传感器(30)和图像处理单元(54)。

    Method and apparatus for improved depth matching of borehole images or core images
    9.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for improved depth matching of borehole images or core images 有权
    改善钻孔图像或核心图像深度匹配的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US20060031017A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-02-09

    申请号:US10537893

    申请日:2003-10-27

    CPC classification number: G01V11/00 G01V3/20 G01V3/38

    Abstract: A method for depth matching borehole images and/or core section images is disclosed wherein signals from sensors at different levels on a logging tool are converted into an averaged signal representing the average bed signal at the center of the borehole at each of the different levels. A depth matching technique is applied to the averaged signals from the sensors at different levels on the logging tool to determine the optimum depth offset necessary for matching two sets of signals from sensors at the different levels of the logging tool. In an alternative embodiment of the invention a Hough transform is utilized to process the well log images and generate three-dimensional images in Hough space. The three dimensional images are converted into two-dimensional extremum curves. Depth matching is performed on the two dimensional extremum curves to calculate an offset to match the two dimensional extremum curves. The calculated offset is then applied to the well log images to depth match them.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于深度匹配钻孔图像和/或核心部分图像的方法,其中在测井工具上的不同级别的传感器的信号被转换成表示在每个不同级别的钻孔中心处的平均床信号的平均信号。 深度匹配技术应用于测井工具上不同级别的传感器的平均信号,以确定在测井工具的不同级别匹配来自传感器的两组信号所需的最佳深度偏移。 在本发明的替代实施例中,使用霍夫变换来处理测井图像并在霍夫空间中产生三维图像。 三维图像被转换为​​二维极值曲线。 在二维极值曲线上执行深度匹配,以计算与二维极值曲线匹配的偏移。 然后将计算的偏移量应用于测井图像以与其深度匹配。

    Forsterite-rich refractory sand composition
    10.
    发明授权
    Forsterite-rich refractory sand composition 失效
    富镁橄榄石耐火砂组成

    公开(公告)号:US5453408A

    公开(公告)日:1995-09-26

    申请号:US257030

    申请日:1994-06-08

    CPC classification number: C04B35/20 B22D41/46

    Abstract: A synthetic forsterite-rich refractory sand composition for use as a taphole nozzle refractory sand for a sliding gate system of a steel ladle, the synthetic forsterite-rich sand composition including a mixture, the mixture including: a) a carbon bridging agent, the carbon bridging agent being present in the mixture in a proportion of from 5 to 15 percent by weight of the mixture; and b) a synthetic forsterite-rich sand, the synthetic forsterite-rich sand being free-flowing, having a MgO:SiO.sub.2 weight ratio of at least 1.2, a specific gravity of approximately 3 g/cm.sup.3, a void volume of less than approximately 50 percent by volume of the synthetic forsterite-rich refractory sand, and a fusion point of at least 1610.degree. C. At least 50 percent by weight of the synthetic forsterite-rich sand is forsterite; and from 8 to 27 percent by weight of the synthetic forsterite-rich sand is maghemite.

    Abstract translation: 一种用作钢包浇道系统的出钢口耐火砂的合成富含镁橄榄石的耐火砂组合物,含有混合物的合成富含镁橄榄石的砂组合物包括:a)碳桥接剂,碳 桥联剂以混合物的5至15重量%的比例存在于混合物中; 和b)富含镁橄榄石的砂,合成的富含镁橄榄石的砂是自由流动的,MgO:SiO 2重量比为至少1.2,比重为约3g / cm 3,空隙体积小于约 合成的富含镁橄榄石的耐火砂的50体积%,熔点至少为1610℃。至少50重量%的富含镁橄榄石的砂是镁橄榄石; 而合成镁橄榄石砂的重量比为8%至27%是磁赤铁矿。

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