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    Implementation of a large-scale multi-stage non-blocking optical circuit switch
    2.
    发明授权
    Implementation of a large-scale multi-stage non-blocking optical circuit switch 有权

    公开(公告)号：US09008510B1

    公开(公告)日：2015-04-14

    申请号：US14157964

    申请日：2014-01-17

    Applicant: Google Inc.

    Inventor： Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Amin Vahdat ,  Hong Liu

    IPC: H04J14/00 ,  H04B10/08 ,  H04J3/14 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  H04L12/933

    CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  H04L49/1515 ,  H04Q2011/0007 ,  H04Q2011/0024

    Abstract: Embodiments provide a methodology for designing a large-scale non-blocking OCS using a multi-stage folded CLOS switch architecture for use in datacenter networks and fiber-rich backbone network POPs. One aspect employs a folded CLOS architecture because of its ease of implementation, enabling the topology to scale arbitrarily with increasing number of stages. The fraction of ports allocated for internal switch wiring (overhead) also increases with the number of stages. Design decisions are made to carefully optimize the insertion loss per module, number of ports per module, number of stages and the total scale required. Other embodiments include folded CLOS switch architectures having at least two stages. In one example, power monitoring may be included only on the leaf switches.

    Optoelectronic packet switch/routers
    5.
    发明授权
    Optoelectronic packet switch/routers 有权
    光电分组交换机/路由器

    公开(公告)号：US09167322B1

    公开(公告)日：2015-10-20

    申请号：US14301555

    申请日：2014-06-11

    Applicant: Google Inc.

    Inventor： Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Bikash Koley ,  Vijay Vusirikala ,  Edward Crabbe ,  Paul Phillip Germano ,  Hong Liu ,  Philip Michael Wells

    IPC: H04Q11/00 ,  H04B10/2575

    CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  H04B10/2575 ,  H04Q2011/0013 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0039 ,  H04Q2011/006

    Abstract: A packet switch/router including a first stage switch fabric receiving an electrical signal, a mid-stage buffer receiving and storing the electrical signal from the first stage switch fabric, and a second stage switch fabric receiving the electrical signal from the mid-stage buffer. Each switch fabric includes N layers of N×N arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs), and each AWG has ingress ports and egress ports. A wavelength tunable device, such as a tunable laser, communicates with a source ingress port of an AWG and converts the received electrical signal to an optical signal having a wavelength selected for routing a packet from the source ingress port to a target egress port of the arrayed waveguide grating. A photoreceiver, such as a burst-mode photoreceiver, receives the propagated optical signal from the target egress port and converts the optical signal to the electrical signal.

    Abstract translation: 包括接收电信号的第一级交换结构的分组交换机/路由器，接收并存储来自第一级交换结构的电信号的中间缓冲器以及从中间级缓冲器接收电信号的第二级交换机结构 。 每个交换结构包括N层N×N阵列波导光栅（AWG），每个AWG具有入口端口和出口端口。 诸如可调激光器的波长可调设备与AWG的源入口端口进行通信，并将接收到的电信号转换为具有选择的波长的光信号，以将数据包从源入口端口路由到目标出口端口 阵列波导光栅。 诸如突发模式光接收器的光接收器从目标出口接收传播的光信号，并将光信号转换为电信号。

    NETWORK STOCHASTIC CROSS-LAYER OPTIMIZATION FOR MEETING TRAFFIC FLOW AVAILABILITY TARGET AT MINIMUM COST
    6.
    发明申请
    NETWORK STOCHASTIC CROSS-LAYER OPTIMIZATION FOR MEETING TRAFFIC FLOW AVAILABILITY TARGET AT MINIMUM COST 有权
    网络交叉交叉层优化交易流量可用性目标在最低成本

    公开(公告)号：US20170012856A1

    公开(公告)日：2017-01-12

    申请号：US14922905

    申请日：2015-10-26

    Applicant: Google Inc.

    Inventor： Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Emilie Jeanne Anne Danna ,  Christoph Albrecht ,  Bikash Koley ,  Satyajeet Singh Ahuja ,  Vinayak Dangui

    IPC: H04L12/721

    CPC classification number: H04L45/12 ,  G06F17/509 ,  G06F2217/10 ,  G06F2217/72 ,  H04L41/14 ,  H04L41/145 ,  H04W16/18

    Abstract: The present disclosure describes system and methods for network planning. The systems and methods can incorporate network traffic demands, availability requirements, latency, physical infrastructure and networking device capability, and detailed cost structures to calculate a network design with minimum or reduced cost compared to conventional methods. In some implementations, the method include providing an initial, deterministic set of failures, and then successively performing a network optimization and a network availability simulation to determine which failures most impact the performance of the network model. The high impact failures can then be provided back into the system, which generates an improved network design while still maintaining minimum cost.

    Abstract translation: 本公开描述了用于网络规划的系统和方法。 与传统方法相比，系统和方法可以结合网络流量需求，可用性要求，延迟，物理基础设施和网络设备能力以及详细的成本结构来计算网络设计，成本最低或降低。 在一些实现中，该方法包括提供初始的确定性故障集合，然后连续执行网络优化和网络可用性模拟，以确定哪些故障最能影响网络模型的性能。 然后可以将高冲击故障返回到系统中，从而产生改进的网络设计，同时仍然保持最低成本。

    Dynamic data center network with a mesh of wavelength selective switches
    7.
    发明授权
    Dynamic data center network with a mesh of wavelength selective switches 有权
    具有波长选择开关网格的动态数据中心网络

    公开(公告)号：US09491526B1

    公开(公告)日：2016-11-08

    申请号：US14495615

    申请日：2014-09-24

    Applicant: Google Inc.

    Inventor： Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Bikash Koley ,  Amin Vahdat

    IPC: H04J14/00 ,  H04Q11/00

    CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  H04J14/0256 ,  H04J14/0267 ,  H04Q11/0062 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/0052 ,  H04Q2011/006 ,  H04Q2011/0064 ,  H04Q2011/0086

    Abstract: According to at least one aspect, a network system includes a wavelength selective switch (WSS) mesh network, multiple dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) multiplexers/de-multiplexers, and a controller. The WSS mesh network includes a plurality of WSS components. Each WSS component includes a common port and multiple switching ports. The plurality of WSS components are coupled to each other through corresponding switching ports. Each DWDM multiplexer/de-multiplexer is coupled to one of multiple sets of servers via a respective top tier switch and respective aggregation nodes and coupled to a common port of a WSS component of the WSS mesh network. The controller is configured to obtain indications of communication bandwidth demand for communications between the multiple sets of servers, determine a configuration for the WSS mesh network based on the obtained indications of communication bandwidth demand, and cause the WSS components and the top tier switches to be configured according to the determined configuration.

    Abstract translation: 根据至少一个方面，网络系统包括波长选择开关（WSS）网状网络，多密集波分复用（DWDM）多路复用器/去多路复用器以及控制器。 WSS网状网络包括多个WSS组件。 每个WSS组件包括一个公共端口和多个交换端口。 多个WSS组件通过相应的交换端口彼此耦合。 每个DWDM多路复用器/解复用器经由相应的顶层交换机和相应的聚合节点耦合到多组服务器中的一个，并且耦合到WSS网状网络的WSS组件的公共端口。 控制器被配置为获得指示多个服务器之间的通信的通信带宽需求，基于所获得的通信带宽需求的指示来确定WSS网状网络的配置，并且使WSS组件和顶层交换机成为 根据确定的配置进行配置。

    In-service optical signal to noise ratio monitoring in an optical network
    8.
    发明授权
    In-service optical signal to noise ratio monitoring in an optical network 有权
    光网络中的在线光信噪比监测

    公开(公告)号：US09306664B1

    公开(公告)日：2016-04-05

    申请号：US14137079

    申请日：2013-12-20

    Applicant: Google Inc.

    Inventor： Vijay Vusirikala ,  Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Bikash Koley

    IPC: H04B10/079

    CPC classification number: H04B10/07953

    Abstract: Methods, mediums and systems described herein determine real-time in-service OSNR measurement without disrupting or turning off one or more channels of the network. An OSNR monitor described herein may be integrated with existing optical line systems. The OSNR measurements performed by the OSNR monitors are independent of the modulation format and thus, may work with all phase formats, amplitude format or a combination thereof. The real-time in-service OSNR data may be used to perform global network optimization to determine the optimal routing and data rate in the optical network. The OSNR data may be used to establish protection and restoration paths for network resiliency and to maximize data throughput.

    Abstract translation: 本文描述的方法，介质和系统确定实时在线OSNR测量，而不中断或关闭网络的一个或多个信道。 本文描述的OSNR监视器可以与现有的光线路系统集成。 由OSNR监视器执行的OSNR测量与调制格式无关，因此可以使用所有相位格式，幅度格式或其组合。 实时在线OSNR数据可用于执行全局网络优化，以确定光网络中的最佳路由和数据速率。 OSNR数据可用于建立网络弹性的保护和恢复路径，并最大限度地提高数据吞吐量。

    Flexible non-modular data center with reconfigurable extended-reach optical network fabric
    9.
    发明授权
    Flexible non-modular data center with reconfigurable extended-reach optical network fabric 有权
    灵活的非模块化数据中心，具有可重构的扩展光网络结构

    公开(公告)号：US08965203B1

    公开(公告)日：2015-02-24

    申请号：US13631325

    申请日：2012-09-28

    Applicant: Google Inc.

    Inventor： Amin Vahdat ,  Hong Liu ,  Ryohei Urata ,  Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Chris L. Johnson

    IPC: H04J14/00

    CPC classification number: H04J14/0282

    Abstract: The disclosure describes implementations of an apparatus including a plurality of racks, wherein each rack houses a plurality of networking devices and each networking device includes a communication port. An optical circuit switch can be coupled to each of the plurality of communication ports in one or more of the plurality of racks, and a plurality of top-of-rack (TOR) switches can be coupled to the optical circuit switch. Other implementations are disclosed and claimed.

    Abstract translation: 本公开描述了包括多个机架的设备的实现，其中每个机架容纳多个网络设备，并且每个网络设备包括通信端口。 光电路开关可以耦合到多个机架中的一个或多个中的多个通信端口中的每一个，并且多个顶架（TOR）开关可以耦合到光电路开关。 公开并要求保护其他实施方式。

    Implementation of a large-scale multi-stage non-blocking optical circuit switch
    10.
    发明授权
    Implementation of a large-scale multi-stage non-blocking optical circuit switch 有权
    实现大规模多级无阻塞光电路开关

    公开(公告)号：US09210487B1

    公开(公告)日：2015-12-08

    申请号：US14644797

    申请日：2015-03-11

    Applicant: Google Inc.

    Inventor： Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Amin Vahdat ,  Hong Liu

    IPC: H04J14/00 ,  H04B10/08 ,  H04J3/14 ,  H04Q11/00

    CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  H04L49/1515 ,  H04Q2011/0007 ,  H04Q2011/0024

    Abstract: Embodiments provide a methodology for designing a large-scale non-blocking OCS using a multi-stage folded CLOS switch architecture for use in datacenter networks and fiber-rich backbone network POPs. One aspect employs a folded CLOS architecture because of its ease of implementation, enabling the topology to scale arbitrarily with increasing number of stages. The fraction of ports allocated for internal switch wiring (overhead) also increases with the number of stages. Design decisions are made to carefully optimize the insertion loss per module, number of ports per module, number of stages and the total scale required. Other embodiments include folded CLOS switch architectures having at least two stages. In one example, power monitoring may be included only on the leaf switches.

    Abstract translation: 实施例提供了一种使用多阶段折叠CLOS交换机架构设计大规模非阻塞OCS的方法，用于数据中心网络和富含纤维的骨干网POP。 一个方面采用折叠式CLOS架构，因为其易于实现，使得拓扑结构随着阶段数量的增加而任意扩展。 分配给内部开关布线（开销）的端口的分数也随着级数的增加而增加。 进行设计决策，仔细优化每个模块的插入损耗，每个模块的端口数量，级数和所需的总尺寸。 其他实施例包括具有至少两个阶段的折叠CLOS开关架构。 在一个示例中，功率监视可以仅包括在叶片开关上。

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