公开(公告)号：US09705773B2

公开(公告)日：2017-07-11

申请号：US14922879

申请日：2015-10-26

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Emilie Jeanne Anne Danna ,  Alireza Ghaffarkhah ,  Ajay Kumar Bangla ,  Christoph Albrecht ,  Wenjie Jiang ,  Benjamin Preskill ,  Bikash Koley

IPC: H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/751 ,  H04L12/801 ,  H04L12/851 ,  H04L12/24

CPC classification number: H04L43/0882 ,  H04L41/12 ,  H04L41/142 ,  H04L41/145 ,  H04L41/5009 ,  H04L41/5038 ,  H04L43/04 ,  H04L43/50 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L47/127 ,  H04L47/24

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a probabilistic framework that can calculate the probability of fulfilling demands for a given set of traffic flows. In some implementations, the probability of fulfilling demands can be based on the probability of infrastructure component failures, shared risk link groups derived from a cross-layer network topology, and traffic engineering (TE) considerations. The consideration of the cross-layer network topology enables the systems and methods described herein to account for the relationship between the physical and logical topologies.

公开(公告)号：US20170012848A1

公开(公告)日：2017-01-12

申请号：US14922879

申请日：2015-10-26

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Emilie Jeanne Anne Danna ,  Alireza Ghaffarkhah ,  Ajay Kumar Bangla ,  Christoph Albrecht ,  Wenjie Jiang ,  Benjamin Preskill ,  Bikash Koley

IPC: H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/751 ,  H04L12/801 ,  H04L12/851

CPC classification number: H04L43/0882 ,  H04L41/12 ,  H04L41/142 ,  H04L41/145 ,  H04L41/5009 ,  H04L41/5038 ,  H04L43/04 ,  H04L43/50 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L47/127 ,  H04L47/24

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a probabilistic framework that can calculate the probability of fulfilling demands for a given set of traffic flows. In some implementations, the probability of fulfilling demands can be based on the probability of infrastructure component failures, shared risk link groups derived from a cross-layer network topology, and traffic engineering (TE) considerations. The consideration of the cross-layer network topology enables the systems and methods described herein to account for the relationship between the physical and logical topologies.

Abstract translation: 本公开提供了概率框架，其可以计算满足给定的一组业务流的需求的概率。 在一些实现中，满足需求的概率可以基于基础架构组件故障的概率，从跨层网络拓扑导出的共享风险链路组和流量工程（TE）考虑。 跨层网络拓扑的考虑使得这里描述的系统和方法能够解释物理和逻辑拓扑之间的关系。

公开(公告)号：US20150281066A1

公开(公告)日：2015-10-01

申请号：US14478217

申请日：2014-09-05

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Bikash Koley ,  Steven Padgett ,  Ankur Jain ,  Arjun Singh ,  Amin Vahdat ,  Mahesh Kallahalla ,  Mukarram Tariq

IPC: H04L12/741 ,  H04L12/947

CPC classification number: H04L45/74 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/742 ,  H04L49/25 ,  H04L49/70

Abstract: An autonomous network and a corresponding routing method include determining routing paths by a controller, and providing the determined routing paths to a data packet processor located remotely from the controller. The data packet processor routes outgoing data packets, based on information from the controller, through a plurality of switches remotely from the data packet processor. Each switch includes a plurality of network interfaces. For an outgoing data packet, the data packet processor determines a network interface over which to transmit the data packet, and adds an indication of the determined network interface in a header of the data packet. The data packet processor forwards the modified data packet to the switch including the determined network interface. The switch identifies the network interface based on the indication, and transmits the outgoing data packet over the identified network interface.

Abstract translation: 自主网络和对应的路由方法包括由控制器确定路由路径，并将确定的路由路径提供给远离控制器的数据分组处理器。 数据分组处理器基于来自控制器的信息，通过远程从数据分组处理器的多个交换机来路由输出数据分组。 每个交换机包括多个网络接口。 对于输出数据分组，数据分组处理器确定发送数据分组的网络接口，并将确定的网络接口的指示添加到数据分组的报头中。 数据分组处理器将修改的数据分组转发到包括确定的网络接口的交换机。 交换机根据指示识别网络接口，并通过识别的网络接口发送出站数据包。

公开(公告)号：US08909064B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-09

申请号：US14250969

申请日：2014-04-11

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Bikash Koley ,  Vijayanand Vusirikala ,  Hong Liu

IPC: H04B10/04 ,  H04J14/06 ,  H04Q11/00

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  H04B10/5051 ,  H04B10/5053 ,  H04B10/5161 ,  H04B10/541 ,  H04B10/5561 ,  H04J3/04 ,  H04J3/0602 ,  H04J3/0685 ,  H04J14/0279 ,  H04J14/0298 ,  H04J14/06 ,  H04L27/34 ,  H04L27/36 ,  H04Q2011/0045 ,  H04Q2213/13361

Abstract: Aspects of the invention provide transmitters and receivers for managing multiple optical signals. High order modulation, such as phase and/or amplitude modulation, is used to achieve multiple bits per symbol by transporting multiple asynchronous data streams in an optical transport system. One or more supplemental multiplexing techniques such as time division multiplexing, polarization multiplexing and sub-carrier multiplexing may be used in conjunction with the high order modulation processing. This may be done in various combinations to realize a highly spectrally efficient multi-data stream transport mechanism. The system receives a number of asynchronous signals which are unframed and synchronized, and then reframed and tagged prior to the high order modulation. Differential encoding may also be performed. Upon reception of the multiplexed optical signal, the receiver circuitry may employ either direct detection without a local oscillator or coherent detection with a local oscillator.

Abstract translation: 本发明的各方面提供用于管理多个光信号的发射机和接收机。 高阶调制（例如相位和/或幅度调制）用于通过在光学传输系统中传送多个异步数据流来实现每个符号的多个位。 可以结合高阶调制处理使用一个或多个补充复用技术，例如时分复用，偏振复用和副载波复用。 这可以以各种组合来实现，以实现高频谱效率的多数据流传输机制。 系统接收多个异步信号，这些异步信号是非帧和同步的，然后在高阶调制之前被重构和标记。 还可以执行差分编码。 在接收到复用的光信号时，接收机电路可以采用无本地振荡器的直接检测或与本地振荡器的相干检测。

公开(公告)号：US20170012856A1

公开(公告)日：2017-01-12

申请号：US14922905

申请日：2015-10-26

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Emilie Jeanne Anne Danna ,  Christoph Albrecht ,  Bikash Koley ,  Satyajeet Singh Ahuja ,  Vinayak Dangui

IPC: H04L12/721

CPC classification number: H04L45/12 ,  G06F17/509 ,  G06F2217/10 ,  G06F2217/72 ,  H04L41/14 ,  H04L41/145 ,  H04W16/18

Abstract: The present disclosure describes system and methods for network planning. The systems and methods can incorporate network traffic demands, availability requirements, latency, physical infrastructure and networking device capability, and detailed cost structures to calculate a network design with minimum or reduced cost compared to conventional methods. In some implementations, the method include providing an initial, deterministic set of failures, and then successively performing a network optimization and a network availability simulation to determine which failures most impact the performance of the network model. The high impact failures can then be provided back into the system, which generates an improved network design while still maintaining minimum cost.

Abstract translation: 本公开描述了用于网络规划的系统和方法。 与传统方法相比，系统和方法可以结合网络流量需求，可用性要求，延迟，物理基础设施和网络设备能力以及详细的成本结构来计算网络设计，成本最低或降低。 在一些实现中，该方法包括提供初始的确定性故障集合，然后连续执行网络优化和网络可用性模拟，以确定哪些故障最能影响网络模型的性能。 然后可以将高冲击故障返回到系统中，从而产生改进的网络设计，同时仍然保持最低成本。

公开(公告)号：US09491526B1

公开(公告)日：2016-11-08

申请号：US14495615

申请日：2014-09-24

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Bikash Koley ,  Amin Vahdat

IPC: H04J14/00 ,  H04Q11/00

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  H04J14/0256 ,  H04J14/0267 ,  H04Q11/0062 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/0052 ,  H04Q2011/006 ,  H04Q2011/0064 ,  H04Q2011/0086

Abstract: According to at least one aspect, a network system includes a wavelength selective switch (WSS) mesh network, multiple dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) multiplexers/de-multiplexers, and a controller. The WSS mesh network includes a plurality of WSS components. Each WSS component includes a common port and multiple switching ports. The plurality of WSS components are coupled to each other through corresponding switching ports. Each DWDM multiplexer/de-multiplexer is coupled to one of multiple sets of servers via a respective top tier switch and respective aggregation nodes and coupled to a common port of a WSS component of the WSS mesh network. The controller is configured to obtain indications of communication bandwidth demand for communications between the multiple sets of servers, determine a configuration for the WSS mesh network based on the obtained indications of communication bandwidth demand, and cause the WSS components and the top tier switches to be configured according to the determined configuration.

Abstract translation: 根据至少一个方面，网络系统包括波长选择开关（WSS）网状网络，多密集波分复用（DWDM）多路复用器/去多路复用器以及控制器。 WSS网状网络包括多个WSS组件。 每个WSS组件包括一个公共端口和多个交换端口。 多个WSS组件通过相应的交换端口彼此耦合。 每个DWDM多路复用器/解复用器经由相应的顶层交换机和相应的聚合节点耦合到多组服务器中的一个，并且耦合到WSS网状网络的WSS组件的公共端口。 控制器被配置为获得指示多个服务器之间的通信的通信带宽需求，基于所获得的通信带宽需求的指示来确定WSS网状网络的配置，并且使WSS组件和顶层交换机成为 根据确定的配置进行配置。

公开(公告)号：US09306664B1

公开(公告)日：2016-04-05

申请号：US14137079

申请日：2013-12-20

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Vijay Vusirikala ,  Xiaoxue Zhao ,  Bikash Koley

IPC: H04B10/079

CPC classification number: H04B10/07953

Abstract: Methods, mediums and systems described herein determine real-time in-service OSNR measurement without disrupting or turning off one or more channels of the network. An OSNR monitor described herein may be integrated with existing optical line systems. The OSNR measurements performed by the OSNR monitors are independent of the modulation format and thus, may work with all phase formats, amplitude format or a combination thereof. The real-time in-service OSNR data may be used to perform global network optimization to determine the optimal routing and data rate in the optical network. The OSNR data may be used to establish protection and restoration paths for network resiliency and to maximize data throughput.

Abstract translation: 本文描述的方法，介质和系统确定实时在线OSNR测量，而不中断或关闭网络的一个或多个信道。 本文描述的OSNR监视器可以与现有的光线路系统集成。 由OSNR监视器执行的OSNR测量与调制格式无关，因此可以使用所有相位格式，幅度格式或其组合。 实时在线OSNR数据可用于执行全局网络优化，以确定光网络中的最佳路由和数据速率。 OSNR数据可用于建立网络弹性的保护和恢复路径，并最大限度地提高数据吞吐量。

公开(公告)号：US09807004B2

公开(公告)日：2017-10-31

申请号：US14478217

申请日：2014-09-05

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Bikash Koley ,  Steven Padgett ,  Ankur Jain ,  Arjun Singh ,  Amin Vahdat ,  Mahesh Kallahalla ,  Mukarram Tariq

IPC: H04L12/741 ,  H04L12/947 ,  H04L12/931 ,  H04L12/751 ,  H04L12/747

CPC classification number: H04L45/74 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/742 ,  H04L49/25 ,  H04L49/70

Abstract: An autonomous network and a corresponding routing method include determining routing paths by a controller, and providing the determined routing paths to a data packet processor located remotely from the controller. The data packet processor routes outgoing data packets, based on information from the controller, through a plurality of switches remotely from the data packet processor. Each switch includes a plurality of network interfaces. For an outgoing data packet, the data packet processor determines a network interface over which to transmit the data packet, and adds an indication of the determined network interface in a header of the data packet. The data packet processor forwards the modified data packet to the switch including the determined network interface. The switch identifies the network interface based on the indication, and transmits the outgoing data packet over the identified network interface.

公开(公告)号：US20170033870A1

公开(公告)日：2017-02-02

申请号：US14813756

申请日：2015-07-30

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Vinayak Dangui ,  Bikash Koley ,  Vijay Vusirikala ,  Ralph Theodore Hofmeister

IPC: H04B10/40

CPC classification number: H04B10/40 ,  H04B10/43 ,  H04B10/63 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/0279

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for improving spectral efficiency of a communication system. The communication system can include a transmitter, a receiver and a communication link for communicating data between the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter can employ a multi-carrier technique to transmit data to the receiver. The transmitter can generate a plurality of carrier signals using a receiver-side comb generator, one of which is sent to the transmitter as a pilot carrier signal combined with modulated carrier signals over an optical link. At the receiver the receiver-side comb generator uses the pilot carrier signal to generate a plurality of receiver-side carrier signals, which are used for detecting the modulated carrier signals. As the phase noise in the modulated carrier signals and the phase noise in the receiver-side carrier signals have the same characteristics, the phase noise is cancelled at the receiver, resulting in improved detection.

Abstract translation: 本公开提供了用于提高通信系统的频谱效率的系统，方法和装置。 通信系统可以包括用于在发射机和接收机之间传送数据的发射机，接收机和通信链路。 发射机可以采用多载波技术将数据发射到接收机。 发射机可以使用接收机侧梳状发生器产生多个载波信号，其中一个被发送到发射机，作为通过光链路与已调制的载波信号组合的导频载波信号。 在接收机处，接收机侧梳发生器使用导频载波信号来产生多个接收机侧载波信号，用于检测已调载波信号。 由于调制载波信号中的相位噪声和接收机侧载波信号中的相位噪声具有相同的特性，所以在接收机处消除相位噪声，从而改善了检测。

公开(公告)号：US20160080103A1

公开(公告)日：2016-03-17

申请号：US14947116

申请日：2015-11-20

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Bikash Koley ,  Vijayanand Vusirikala ,  Hong Liu

IPC: H04J14/02 ,  H04L12/859 ,  H04L12/851 ,  H04Q11/00

CPC classification number: H04J14/026 ,  H04L5/0008 ,  H04L5/0028 ,  H04L25/0262 ,  H04L27/0008 ,  H04L41/5022 ,  H04L47/2425 ,  H04L47/2475 ,  H04Q11/0003 ,  H04Q11/0066 ,  H04Q2011/0084

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for application layer optimization in a modem data network. The optimization incorporates variable rate transmission across one or more optical data channels. Data throughput is maximized by enabling quality of service profiles on a per transmission channel basis. According to one aspect, a system is provided in which the application layer is aware of and controls the underlying transmission rate and quality of the transmission. This enables the system to fully utilize the transmission capacity of the channel. The application layer may map different applications to different transmission classes of service. The services can be classified based on data throughput rate, guaranteed error rates, latency and cost, among other criteria. This provides flexibility to the application layer to map some loss tolerant applications to a lower cost (per bit) transmission class.

Abstract translation: 为调制解调器数据网络中的应用层优化提供了设备和方法。 优化结合了一个或多个光数据通道的可变速率传输。 通过在每个传输通道的基础上实现服务质量的质量来最大化数据吞吐量。 根据一个方面，提供了一种系统，其中应用层知道并控制传输的底层传输速率和质量。 这使得系统能够充分利用信道的传输容量。 应用层可以将不同的应用映射到不同的传输级别的服务。 服务可以根据数据吞吐率，保证的错误率，延迟和成本以及其他标准进行分类。 这为应用层提供了灵活性，将一些容错应用映射到较低成本（每位）传输类。