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    Foam-regulated washing compositions, especially for drum washing machines
    5.
    发明授权
    Foam-regulated washing compositions, especially for drum washing machines 失效
    泡沫调节的洗涤组合物，特别是滚筒洗衣机

    公开(公告)号：US3954643A

    公开(公告)日：1976-05-04

    申请号：US391262

    申请日：1973-08-24

    申请人： Peter Krings ,  Gunter Jakobi ,  Joachim Galinke

    发明人： Peter Krings ,  Gunter Jakobi ,  Joachim Galinke

    IPC分类号： C11D1/28 ,  C11D3/00 ,  C11D3/37 ,  C11D10/04 ,  B01D19/04 ,  C11D9/26

    CPC分类号： C11D10/042 ,  C11D1/28 ,  C11D3/0026 ,  C11D3/3761

    摘要： A foam-regulated washing composition based on olefin-sulfonates and/or salts of .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid esters and phosphorus-free complexing builder salts, especially for drum washing machines and also at wash temperatures of over 90.degree.C characterized by a content of:A. a surface-active component of 50 to 100% by weight of said component of olefin sulfonates and/or salts of .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid esters and 0 to 50% by weight of said component of other anionic surface-active compounds of the sulfonate and sulfonate type and/or non-ionic surface-active compounds with good biodegradability and low toxicity;B. a soap of saturated fatty acids having essentially 18 to 24 carbon atoms; andC. a complexing builder salt component of 75 to 100% by weight of said component of a high-molecular-weight polyalkylene-polycarboxylic acid copolymer of a lower alkene with an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or tricarboxylic acid and 0 to 25% by weight of said component of other complexing builder salts such as sodium tripolyphosphate.THE PRIOR ARTWith regard to the question of protection of the environment, washing compositions with components having a biological effect on the waste water are of undoubted importance. While the synthetic surface-active components of the washing compositions are required to be biologically decomposable, their complex-forming builder salts are required not to be conducive to eutrophication of the surface water.Owing to their good biological decomposability and high cleansing power, the synthetic surface-active compounds of the olefinsulfonate and .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid ester types are of particular interest. Washing liquors with these surface-active compounds, however, develop a considerable amount of foam with vigorous mechanical washing and at the boiling temperature, so that the problem of foam regulation occurs especially on washing in drum washing machines. It is indeed known to regulate the foaming power of washing compositions based on alkylbenzenesulfonate as the surface-active component and sodium tripolyphosphate as the complex-forming component by an addition of a soap of saturated fatty acids with substantially 20 to 24 carbon atoms, over the whole range of use in the drum washing machines. Unsatisfactory results, however, are obtained with this measure with combinations of olefinsulfonates and/or sulfo-fatty acid esters with sodium tripolyphosphate.In addition, the technician has also the problem of replacing the previously customarily used sodium tripolyphosphate by a phosphorus-free complex-forming builder salt since it has been published that the increasing eutrophication of the waters -- even without conclusive evidence -- is due to a considerable extent to the phosphates present in washing compositions.OBJECTS OF THE INVENTIONAn object of the present invention is the developing of a foam-regulated washing composition based on an olefinsulfonate and/or an .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid ester and a phosphorus-free complex-forming builder salt, which is also suitable for use in drum washing machines and at washing temperatures above 90.degree.C and in such case does not cause foaming over of the washing liquor.A further object of the present invention is the development of a foam-regulated washing composition consisting essentially ofa. a surface-active component consisting of from 50 to 100% by weight of said component of an anionic surface-active compound selected from the group consisting of olefinsulfonates and .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid ester salts and from 0 to 50% by weight of said component of a surface-active compound having good biodegradability and low toxicity selected from the group consisting of anionic surface-active compounds of the sulfonate and sulfate type other than said olefinsulfonates and .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid ester salts and non-ionic surface-active compounds,b. soaps of essentially saturated fatty acids having an iodine value of less than 5 and at least 50% of which have from 20 to 24 carbon atoms, andc. a complexing builder salt component consisting of from 75 to 100% by weight of said component of a high-molecular-weight polyalkylene-polycarboxylic acid copolymer of a lower alkene having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms with an ethylenically unsaturated acid having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of alkenedioic acids and alkenetrioic acids, in substantially an equimolar ratio, and from 0 to 25% by weight of said component of complexing builder salts having phosphorus or nitrogen atoms.These and other objects of the invention will become more apparent as the description thereof proceeds.DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONIt has now been found that this problem is solved according to the invention by a washing composition which consists essentially of the following components:a. a surface-active component consisting of an olefinsulfonate or an .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid ester salt, in which the olefinsulfonates and .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid ester salts can be replaceable up to a half of their total amount by weight by other anionic surface-active compounds of the sulfonate and sulfate type and/or by non-ionic surface-active compounds, with good biological decomposability and low toxicity;b. a soap from essentially saturated fatty acids having essentially 18 to 24, preferably 20 to 24 carbon atoms, andc. a complex-forming salt based on a high-molecular-weight polyalkene-polycarboxylic acid obtainable by copolymerization of a lower alkene with an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic or tricarboxylic acid, while up to a quarter of the total amount by weight of this complex-forming salt is replaceable by other complex-forming substances.More particularly, the invention is a foam-regulated washing composition consisting essentially ofa. a surface-active component consisting of from 50 to 100% by weight of said component of an anionic surface-active compound selected from the group consisting of olefin-- 0 to 50% by weight of said component of a surface-active compound having good biodegradability and low toxicity selected from the group consisting of anionic surface-active compounds of the sulfonate and sulfate type other than said olefinsulfonates and .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid ester salts and non-ionic surface-active compounds,b. soaps of essentially saturated fatty acids having an iodine value of less than 5 and at least 50% of which have from 20 to 24 carbon atoms, andc. a complexing builder salt component consisting of from 75 to 100% by weight of said component of a high-molecular-weight polyalkylene-polycarboxylic acid copolymer of a lower alkene having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms with an ethylenically unsaturated acid having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of alkenedioic acids and alkenetrioic acids, in substantially an equimolar ratio, and from 0 to 25% by weight of said component of complexing builder salts having phosphorus or nitrogen atoms.Preferably components (a), (b) and (c) in the foam-regulated washing composition of the invention are present in a weight ratio of 2 to 10:1:7 to 35, preferably 21/2 to 8 1/2:1:71/2 to 25.In the washing process, especially in drum washing machines, a foam regulation over the whole temperature range of from 20.degree.C to the boiling point is obtained with the washing compositions according to the invention. Under the usual concentrations in use of the washing compositions of the invention of 2 to 10 gm/liter and in the presence of dirty laundry in the temperature range of from 20.degree. to 30.degree.C, a considerable foaming of the washing bath, and with rising temperature a decrease of the foaming, is observed, so that finally in the boiling temperature range no foaming over in the washing machine occurs.The olefinsulfonates mentioned under (a) consist of mixtures of alkenesulfonates, hydroxyalkanesulfonates and alkanedisulfonates, which are formed on acid or alkaline hydrolysis of the sulfonation products first formed from terminal or non-terminal C.sub.8-18 and preferably C.sub.12-18 -olefins by sulfonation with sulfur trioxide. The olefinsulfonates are preferably utilized in the form of their water-soluble salts as will be defined later. The same, however, may be employed in the free acid form provided that the solutions of the compositions of the invention are alkaline reacting.The .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid ester salts include the salts of esters of the saturated fatty acids sulfonated in the .alpha.-position and having 10 to 20, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms. Such fatty acids are preferably derived from natural fats. The alcohol residue of the ester is derived from a lower mono- or polyhydric aliphatic alcohol. Of the monohydric alcohols of the ester moiety, alkanols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred, especially methanol and ethanol. The polyhydric alcohols of the ester moiety are preferably alkanediols having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and alkanetriols having 3 to 4 carbon atoms such as glycerine. The .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid esters are preferably utilized in the form of their water-soluble salts as will be defined later. The same, however, may be employed in the free acid form provided that the solutions of the compositions of the invention are alkaline reacting.The soaps defined under (b) are derived essentially from stearic, arachidic, behenic and lignoceric acids. Mixtures of these fatty acids are preferably used, such as are obtainable from naturally occuring triglycerides, for example, from hardened rape oil and fish oil fatty acids. The soaps preferably used are mixtures in which the C.sub.20 and C.sub.22 fatty acid fractions together form over 50% of the mixture and the iodine value of the fatty acid mixture is less than 5. Fatty acids of chain lengths C.sub.12-16 may be present in subordinate amounts.The complex-forming salts (c) consists of copolymerizates of lower alkenes having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, as for example, ethylene and propylene with ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic and tricarboxylic acids from the group of maleic acid, itaconic acid, mesaconic acid, aconitic acid, methylenemalonic acid, or citraconic acid, which after the copolymerization are converted into water-soluble salts as will be defined later. The copolymers are in substantially equimolar amounts with respect to the starting monomer units and have a degree of polymerization of from 3 to 500, preferably 4 to 200. The copolymers derived from maleic acid, which may be prepared by copolymerization of ethylene or propylene with maleic acid anhydride are preferred, and especially the complex-forming substances from 1:1 copolymerizates of ethylene and maleic acid and of propylene and maleic acid having a degree of polymerization of between 4 and 200.As indicated previously, up to 50% by weight of the component (a) of the composition of the invention can be replaced with other anionic surface-active compounds of the sulfonate and sulfate type and non-ionic surface-active compounds, which have a good biodegradability and a low toxicity. Preferably these other compounds are the alkylbenzenesulfonates with preferably straight chain C.sub.9-15, especially C.sub.10-14 alkyl residues, the alkanesulfonates, obtainable from preferably saturated aliphatic C.sub.8-18, especially C.sub.12-18 hydrocarbons by way of sulfochlorination and sulfoxidation, the fatty alcohol sulfates with 10 to 18 carbon atoms, sulfated fatty acid alkylolamides or fatty acid monoglycerides, as well as sulfated alkoxylation products of alkylphenols (C.sub.8 -C.sub.15 alkyl), fatty alcohols (8 to 18 carbon atoms), fatty acid amides (8 to 18 carbon atoms), or fatty acid alkylolamides (8 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid and 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkylol) with 0.5 to 20, preferably 1 to 8 and especially 2 to 4 ethoxy and/or propoxy units in the molecule. Particularly suitable non-ionic surface-active compounds are fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers from saturated or unsaturated fatty alcohols of natural or synthetic origin with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain and 4 to 15 ethyleneglycolether groups.As indicated previously, up to 25% by weight of the component (c) may be replaced with known complex-forming builder salts of the type of condensed phosphates, especially tripolyphosphate, and the aminopolycarboxylic acids as, for example, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, polyalkylene-polyamine-N-polycarboxylic acids, polyhydroxycarboxylic acids, which are preparable by oxidative polymerization of acrolein or copolymerization of acrolein and acrylic acid and subsequent Cannizzaro reaction, polycarboxylic acids as, for example, polymaleates, polyitaconates, and complex-forming diphosphonic, triphosphonic and tetraphosphonic acids as, for example, methylenediphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-aminoethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, amino-tri-(methylenephosphonic acid), methylamine-di-(methylenephosphonic acid) or ethylamino-di-(methylenephosphonic acid) as well as ethylenediaminetetra-(methylenephosphonic acid).When phosphorus and/or nitrogen-containing complex-forming substances of the above-mentioned type are used instead of the copolymerizates according to (c) in subordinate amounts, i.e., up to 25%, this leads to a considerable reduction of the phosphorus and/or nitrogen content in the waste water compared with commercial washing compositions with a high content of condensed phosphates or aminopolycarboxylates.The complex-forming power of the copolymerizates used according to the invention is specially marked in the case of the alkaline earths; on the other hand, their complex-forming power for heavy metals is small. It is, therefore, advisable to add to the compositions according to the invention small amounts of compounds forming complexes with heavy metals, for example, 0.1 to 5%, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight. Examples of suitable complex-forming compounds for heavy metals, especially for copper, are the above-mentioned aminopolycarboxylic acids and phosphonic acids.The anionic surface-active compounds which may be used according to the invention as well as the copolymerizates and the possibly present other complex-forming substances are preferably used in the form of their alkali metal, ammonium, lower alkylamine, lower alkylolamine or morpholine salts. Most preferably they are employed as the sodium salts. They may also be present as potassium or ammonium salts or as salts of aliphatic amines or alkylolamines with not more than 6 carbon atoms in the molecule, for example, as salts of diethylamine or triethylamine, mono-, di- or triethanolamine, mono- or dihydroxypropylamine, morpholine and so forth.Further suitable components of the washing compositions according to the invention are substances which exert no substantial influence on the foaming behavior, the biodegradability and the eutrophication of water. These include soil suspension agents or dirt carriers, textile softeners, optical brighteners, bleaching agents, alkaline or neutral-reacting non-complex-forming salts, antimicrobial agents, enzymes, dyestuffs and perfumes.The washing compositions according to the invention are prepared in solid form, as pastes, dispersions or solutions. When the compositions are solid, they are mostly fine to granular powders, agglomerates or granulates. Such compositions may be practically anhydrous, but they may also contain water of crystallization or water of hydration. The agents according to the invention, however, may also be used as pastes, dispersions or solutions. They then contain smaller or larger amounts of liquid solvents, as for example, water or organic water-soluble solvents, in which the remaining constituents are partly or completely dissolved. For specific cleansing purposes, for example, solutions may be used which contain up to 1% by weight, preferably up to 4% by weight of the solid composition. The solutions, dispersions or pastes may also be substantially more concentrated, so that the amount of the solvent constitutes up to 30% by weight, preferably up to 50% by weight, of the composition. Hydrotropic substances may also be incorporated in the solutions, dispersions or pastes.A composition of the agent according to the invention which is suitable for many purposes can be taken from the following recipe, based on the water- and/or solvent-free preparations:5 to 30%, preferably 8 to 20%, by weight of a surface-active component (a),2 to 6%, preferably 3 to 5%, by weight of a soap component (b),15 to 93%, preferably 20 to 50%, by weight of a complex-forming salt component (c),0 to 50%, preferably 5 to 40%, by weight of other components from the group of dirt carriers, optical brightener, bleaching components, alkaline- or neutral-reacting non-complex-forming salts, textile softeners, antimicrobial agents, enzymes, dyestuffs and perfumes.Preferably in any composition of the invention components (a), (b) and (c) are present in a weight ratio of 2 to 10:1:7 to 35, particularly 21/2 to 81/2:1:71/2 to 25.The other further components of the compositions according to the invention, arranged according to the class of substance, are further described below.A composition according to the invention preferably suitable as a boiling washing agent may contain 5 to 40%, preferably 7 to 35%, by weight of a bleaching component consisting of a compound yielding H.sub.2 O.sub.2 in water, a stabilizer and possibly an activator. Of the compounds which yield H.sub.2 O.sub.2 in water, sodium perborate tetrahydrate (NaBO.sub.2.H.sub.2 O.sub.2.3H.sub.2 O) and the monohydrate (NaBO.sub.2.H.sub.2 O.sub.2) have special practical importance. However, other borates yielding H.sub.2 O.sub.2 are also useful, for example, perborax Na.sub.2 B.sub.4 O.sub.7.4H.sub.2 O.sub.2. These compounds may be partly or completely replaced by other active oxygen carriers, especially by peroxyhydrates, such as peroxycarbonates (Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3.1.5H.sub.2 O.sub.2), peroxypyrophosphates, citrateperhydrates, urea-H.sub.2 O.sub.2 or melamine-H.sub.2 O.sub.2 compounds as well as by peracid salts yielding H.sub.2 O.sub.2 as, for example, Caro's acid salt (KHSO.sub.5), perbenzoates or perphthalates.It is advisable to incorporate water-soluble and/or water-insoluble stabilizers for the peroxy compounds in amounts from 0.25 to 10% by weight. Suitable water-insoluble stabilizers, which constitute, for example, 1 to 8%, preferably 2 to 7%, of the weight of the total preparation, are magnesium silicates of the composition MgO:SiO.sub.2 = 4:1 to 1:4, preferably 2:1 to 1:2 and especially 1:1. Other alkaline earth metal, cadmium or tin silicates of corresponding composition are useful in their place, and water-containing oxides of tin are also suitable. Water-soluble stabilizers, which may be present together with the water-insoluble stabilizers, are the above-mentioned organic complex-forming substances from the group of aminopolycarboxylic acids, phosphonic acids and polyhydroxycarboxylic acids, the amount of which may constitue 0.25 to 5%, preferably 0.5 to 2.5%, by weight of the total preparation.Activators for percompounds, if used, are primarily the N-acyl and O-acyl compounds where the acyl has from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and the carbonic and pyrocarbonic acid esters whose activation value for percompounds (titer) is at least 3, preferably at least 4.5. Preferably 0.05 mols to 2 mols of activator are employed per gram-atom of active oxygen from the percompound.The optical brighteners which can be utilized in the compositions are mostly, if not exclusively, derivatives of aminostilbenesulfonic acid, or of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid, of diarylpyrazolines, of carbostyril, of 1,2-di-(2-benzoxazolyl)-ethylene or 1,2-di-(2-benzimidazolyl)-ethylene, of benzoxazolyl-thiophene and of the coumarins.Examples of brighteners from the class of the diaminostilbene acid derivatives are compounds, according to formula I: ##SPC1##In the formula, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent alkoxy, amino, or residues of aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic, primary or secondary amines as well as residues of aminosulfonic acids, where the aliphatic residues present in the above groups contain preferably 1 to 4 and particularly 2 to 4 carbon atoms, while the heterocyclic ring systems are mostly 5 to 6 membered rings. As aromatic amines the residues of the aniline, of the anthranilic acid or the anilinesulfonic acid are preferred. Brighteners, derived from the diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid, are mostly used as cotton brighteners. The following products, derived from formula I, are commercially available, where R.sub.1 represents the residue --NHC.sub.6 H.sub.5 and R.sub.2 may represent the following residues: --NH.sub.2, --NHCH.sub.3, --NHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH, --NHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3, --NHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3, --N(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH, --N(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH).sub.2, morpholino-, --NHC.sub.6 H.sub.5, --NHC.sub.6 H.sub.4 SO.sub.3 H, --OCH.sub.3. Some of these brighteners are, in regard to their fiber affinity, regarded as transitional types to the polyamide brighteners, such as the brightener with R.sub.2 = --NHC.sub.6 H.sub.5. The compound 4,4'-bis-(4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole-2-yl)-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid belongs also to the cotton brighteners of the diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid type.Diarylpyrazolines of formulae II and III belong to the polyamide brighteners. ##EQU1## ##SPC2##In formula II, R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 represent hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl, optionally substituted by carboxyl, carbonamide or carboxylic acid ester groups, R.sub.4 and R.sub.6 represent hydrogen or lower alkyl, Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 represent aryl radicals, such as phenyl, diphenyl or naphthyl, which may carry further substituents, such as hydroxy, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, amino, alkylamino, acylamino, carboxyl, carboxylic acid esters, sulfonic acid, sulfonamide and sulfone groups or halogen atoms. Commercially available brighteners of this type are derived from the formula III, where the radical R.sub.7 may represent the groups C1, --SO.sub.2 NH.sub.2, --SO.sub.2 CH=CH.sub.2, and --COOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3, while R.sub.8 mostly represents a chlorine atom. Also the 9-cyano-anthracene belongs to the polyamide brighteners.The polyamide brighteners further include aliphatically or aromatically substituted aminocoumarins, such as 4-methyl-7-dimethylamino-coumarin or 4-methyl-7-diethylamino-coumarin. Further usable as polyamide brighteners are the compounds 1-(2-benzimidazolyl)-2-(1-hydroxyethyl-2-benzimidazolyl)-ethylene and 1-ethyl-3-phenyl-7-diethylamino-carbostyril. Suitable as brighteners for polyester and polyamide fibers are the compounds 2,5-di-(2-benzoxazolyl)-thiophene, 2-(2-benzoxazolyl)-naphtho[2,3-b]-thiophene, and 1,2-di-(5-methyl-2-benzoxazolyl)-ethylene.If the brighteners together with other ingredients of the invention products are present as aqueous solution or paste, and are to be transformed to solids by heat drying, it is recommended to incorporate organic sequestering agents in amounts of at least 0.1%, preferably 0.2 to 1%, by weight of the solid products in order to stabilize the brighteners.Further, dirt carriers or soil suspension agents may be contained in the preparations according to the invention which hold the dirt, detached from the fibers, suspended in the bath and thus prevent greying. Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this purpose, as for example, the water-soluble salts of ethercarboxylic acids or ethersulfonic acids of starch or cellulose or salts of acid sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.The alkali metal bicarbonates, carbonates, borates, silicates and sulfates, for example, may be present as neutral or alkaline-reacting, non-complexing-forming builder salts. The alkali metal salts of organic, non-surface-active sulfonic acids, carboxylic acids and sulfocarboxylic acids containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms are also useful. These include, for example, water-soluble salts, particularly the alkali metal salts, of benzenesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid or xylenesulfonic acid, of sulfoacetic acid, sulfobenzoic acid or of sulfodicarboxylic acid, as well as the salts of acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid.The enzymes include the customarily employed amylases, lipases and proteases usually obtained from bacterial strains and fungi, such as Bacillus subtilis and Streptomyces griseus.The textile softeners, if used, are the customary cationic compounds which are compatible with anionic washing compositions.The antimicrobial agents are the customary compounds such as the halogenated phenolethers and thioethers, halogenated carbanilides and acylanilides and halogenated diphenylmethanes.The constituents of the washing compositions according to the invention are usually selected so that the preparations have a neutral to distinctly alkaline reaction, so that the pH value of a 1% solution of the composition of the invention lies mostly in the range of from 7 to 12. Fine washing compositions usually have a neutral to weakly alkaline reaction (pH value 7 to 9.5), while prewashing and boiling washing compositions are made more strongly alkaline (pH value 9.5 to 12, preferably 10 to 11.5).The pulverulent compositions according to the following formulations are of special practical importance for use in drum washing machines:A. BOILING WASHING COMPOSITION8 to 30% by weight of a surface-active combination of olefinsulfonate and/or .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid ester salt and a non-ionic surface-active compound (component a), and a soap (component b);30 to 80% by weight of builder salt compounds which consist essentially of a complex-forming salt (component c) and which include a fraction of 0.1 to 5% by weight of a substance forming a complex with heavy metals and a fraction of not more than 15% by weight of a sodium phosphate, based in each case on the total washing composition;10 to 35% by weight of sodium perborate;1 to 5% by weight of magnesium silicate;1 to 40% by weight of other constituents.B. PREWASHING COMPOSITION7 to 20% by weight of a surface-active combination of olefinsulfonate and/or .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid ester salt and possibly a non-ionic surface-active compound (component a), and a soap (component b);10 to 65% by weight of builder substances, which consist essentially of a complex-forming salt (component c) and include a fraction of not more than 15% by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, based on the total washing composition;33 to 70% by weight of other constituents.C. FINE AND COLORED WASHING COMPOSITION10 to 36% by weight of a surface-active combination of olefinsulfonate and/or .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid ester salt and possibly having a fraction of 1 to 10% by weight, based on the total washing composition, of an additional surface-active compound of the sulfate or sulfonate type (component a) and a soap (component b);20 to 60% by weight of builder substances, which consist essentially of a complex-forming salt (component c) and which include a fraction of not more than 15% by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, based on the total washing composition;30 to 70% by weight of other constituents.The washing compositions A, B and C contain as other constituents at least one of the following components in the indicated amounts:2 to 70% by weight of sodium sulfate,1 to 20% by weight of sodium silicate and/or sodium carbonate,0.2 to 3% by weight of a soil suspension agent,0.2 to 3% by weight of enzymes,2 to 8% by weight of a textile softener,0.1 to 1% by weight of an optical brightener,0.01 to 1% by weight of dyestuff and perfume,0.2 to 2% by weight of an antimicrobial agent.

    摘要翻译： 一种基于烯烃磺酸盐和/或α-磺基脂肪酸酯和无磷络合助洗剂盐的泡沫调节的洗涤组合物，特别是用于滚筒洗衣机，以及在90℃以上的洗涤温度下，其特征在于含量 的：

    Washing compositions containing aluminosilicates and nonionics and method of washing textiles
    6.
    发明授权
    Washing compositions containing aluminosilicates and nonionics and method of washing textiles 失效
    含有硅铝酸盐和非离子表面活性剂的洗涤组合物和洗涤纺织品的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4083793A

    公开(公告)日：1978-04-11

    申请号：US723728

    申请日：1976-09-16

    申请人： Gunter Jakobi ,  Peter Krings ,  Milan Johann Schwuger ,  Heinz Smolka

    发明人： Gunter Jakobi ,  Peter Krings ,  Milan Johann Schwuger ,  Heinz Smolka

    IPC分类号： C11D1/83 ,  C11D3/08 ,  C11D3/12 ,  B01J1/04 ,  C11D1/825 ,  C11D1/831

    CPC分类号： C11D3/08 ,  C11D1/8305 ,  C11D3/1286

    摘要： A method of washing soiled textiles, wherein the soiled textiles are immersed in an aqueous liquor which contains at least one compound inhibiting alkaline earth metal ion precipitation on said soiled textiles and surface-active compounds comprising using finely-dispersed, water-insoluble silicate compounds having a calcium-binding power of at least 50 mg CaO/gm of anhydrous active substance and having the formula, combined water not shown(M.sub.2/n O).sub.x . Me.sub.2 O.sub.3 . (SiO.sub.2).sub.ywhere M is a cation of the valence n, exchangeable with calcium, x is a number of from 0.7 to 1.5, Me is a member selected from aluminum and boron and y is a number of from 0.8 to 6, as said compound inhibiting alkaline earth metal ion precipitation, together with surface-active compounds including non-ionic surface-active compounds being constituted by a mixture of compounds of different degrees of ethoxylation where one of the ethoxylated compounds has 8 to 20 ethylene oxide units and the other has from 2 to 6 ethylene oxide units; as well as washing compositions containing said silicate compounds and said surface-active compounds.

    摘要翻译： 一种洗涤污染织物的方法，其中将污染的纺织品浸入含有至少一种抑制碱土金属离子沉淀的化合物的水性液体中，所述化合物在所述污染的纺织品和表面活性化合物上包括使用细分散的水不溶性硅酸盐化合物， 具有至少50mg CaO / gm无水活性物质并具有下式的组合水（M2 / nO）x的钙结合力。 Me2O3。 （SiO 2）y其中M是价数为n的阳离子，可与钙交换，x为0.7至1.5的数，Me为选自铝和硼的成员，y为0.8至6的数，如所述 化合物抑制碱土金属离子沉淀，以及包括非离子表面活性化合物在内的表面活性化合物由不同程度乙氧基化的化合物的混合物构成，其中一种乙氧基化合物具有8至20个环氧乙烷单元，另一种 具有2至6个环氧乙烷单元; 以及含有所述硅酸盐化合物和所述表面活性化合物的洗涤组合物。

    Liquid regulated-foam detergent compositions
    7.
    发明授权
    Liquid regulated-foam detergent compositions 失效
    液体调节泡沫洗涤剂组合物

    公开(公告)号：US3985670A

    公开(公告)日：1976-10-12

    申请号：US471860

    申请日：1974-05-21

    申请人： Markus Berg ,  Jurgen Hoffmeister ,  Gunter Jakobi ,  Peter Krings

    发明人： Markus Berg ,  Jurgen Hoffmeister ,  Gunter Jakobi ,  Peter Krings

    IPC分类号： C11D1/44 ,  C11D1/52 ,  C11D1/66 ,  C11D1/72 ,  C11D1/74 ,  C11D1/825 ,  C11D3/00 ,  C11D9/30 ,  C11D15/04

    CPC分类号： C11D3/0026 ,  C11D1/8255 ,  C11D3/2075 ,  C11D3/33 ,  C11D3/36 ,  C11D3/3765 ,  C11D3/43 ,  C11D1/44 ,  C11D1/526 ,  C11D1/66 ,  C11D1/72 ,  C11D1/74

    摘要： Liquid phosphate-free, regulated-foam washing agent compositions comprising:A. from 15% to 60% by weight of a mixture of ethylene oxide adducts to aliphatic organic compounds having from 12 to 30 carbon atoms and a replaceable hydrogen atom with degrees of ethoxylation of 2 to 6 and 8 to 20 where the ratio of the 2 to 6 ethoxylated compound to the 8 to 20 ethoxylated compound in the mixture is from 1:5 to 2:1,B. from 0.2% to 8% by weight of foam inhibitors selected from the group consisting of non-surface-active foam inhibitors, soap and mixtures thereof in a weight ratio of non-surface-active foam inhibitors to soap of from 1:2 to 1:4,C. from 0.3% to 15% by weight of at least one water-soluble salt of an organic compound capable of sequestering calcium, said organic compound being selected from the group consisting of aminoalkane polycarboxylic acids, carboxymethyl derivatives having at least 2 carboxyl groups, polymeric carboxylic acid compounds with a molecular weight of over 350 and at least one carboxyl group per each molecular weight unit of 175, phosphonoalkane polycarboxylic acids, aminoalkanepolyphosphonic acids and hydroxyalkanepolyphosphonic acids,D. from 10% to 40% by weight of water-soluble or water-emulsifiable aliphatic organic solvents having no more than 7 carbon atoms and at least one hydrophilic group,E. the remainder up to 100% by weight of water and, optionally, optical brighteners, soil suspension agents, wash alkalis, antimicrobial substances, hydrotropic compounds, dyes and perfumes.

    摘要翻译： 无液磷酸盐，调节泡沫洗涤剂组合物，其包含：

    Washing agent compositions and washing assistant composition containing phosphonopolycarboxylate sequestering agents
    8.
    发明授权
    Washing agent compositions and washing assistant composition containing phosphonopolycarboxylate sequestering agents 失效
    洗涤剂组合物和含有膦多羧酸盐螯合剂的洗涤助剂组合物

    公开(公告)号：US3965024A

    公开(公告)日：1976-06-22

    申请号：US417891

    申请日：1973-11-21

    申请人： Edmund Schmadel ,  Gunter Jakobi ,  Karl-Heinz Worms ,  Helmut Blum

    发明人： Edmund Schmadel ,  Gunter Jakobi ,  Karl-Heinz Worms ,  Helmut Blum

    IPC分类号： C07F9/38 ,  C07F9/40 ,  C11D3/00 ,  C11D3/36 ,  C11D3/395

    CPC分类号： C11D3/365

    摘要： Washing agent compositions and washing assistant compositions containing from 0.5% to 70% by weight of a phosphonopolycarboxylate having the formula ##EQU1## WHEREIN Me is H, alkali metal, or H.NR.sub.3, R.sub.1 is H or CH.sub.3, R.sub.2 is H, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or --CH.sub.2 --CHR--COOMe, R.sub.3 is H, alkyl or alkylol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and X is a direct bond or the groups ##EQU2## from 0 to 96.5% of other sequestering and non-sequestering, preferably phosphorus-free builders, and from 3% to 45% by weight of at least one surface-active compound of an anionic or non-ionic nature, whereby a 1% aqueous solution thereof has a pH of between 6 and 11.5. Preferably said phosphonopolycarboxylate sequestering agents are present as water-soluble salts capable of complex formation with alkaline earth metal ions. The invention also resides in the process of sequestering alkaline earth metal ions using aqueous solutions of the washing agent composition.

    摘要翻译： 洗涤剂组合物和洗涤助剂组合物，其含有0.5重量％至70重量％的具有式COOMeCOOMe O || PARALLEL CH --- C-X-P-OMe || R1R2OMe的膦酸多羧酸酯，其中Me为H，碱 金属或H.NR 3，R 1为H或CH 3，R 2为H，具有1至4个碳原子的烷基或-CH 2 -CHR-COOMe，R 3为H，具有1至6个碳原子的烷基或烷醇，X为 直接键或基团COOMe COOMe OMe | | | -C-CH2-，-C-或O = P-OMe，| | | H R1 -C- | R1从0到96.5％的其他螯合和非螯合， 优选无磷助洗剂，和3重量％至45重量％的至少一种阴离子或非离子性表面活性化合物，其中1％的水溶液的pH为6至11.5。 优选地，所述膦酸多羧酸盐螯合剂作为能够与碱土金属离子复合形成的水溶性盐存在。 本发明还在于使用洗涤剂组合物的水溶液螯合碱土金属离子的过程。

    Liquid foam-regulated nonionic detergent compositions
    9.
    发明授权
    Liquid foam-regulated nonionic detergent compositions 失效
    液体泡沫调节的非离子洗涤剂组合物

    公开(公告)号：US3931033A

    公开(公告)日：1976-01-06

    申请号：US531534

    申请日：1974-12-11

    申请人： Albrecht Lohr ,  Manfred Hennemann ,  Gunter Jakobi

    发明人： Albrecht Lohr ,  Manfred Hennemann ,  Gunter Jakobi

    IPC分类号： C11D1/722 ,  C11D1/72 ,  C11D1/825 ,  C11D3/00 ,  C11D3/43 ,  C11D10/04 ,  C11D17/00 ,  C11D3/44 ,  C11D17/08

    CPC分类号： C11D10/045 ,  C11D3/0026 ,  C11D3/43 ,  C11D1/72

    摘要： Liquid foam-regulated washing and cleansing agent compositions containing non-ionic surface-active compounds and organic water-miscible solvents of the following composition:A. 30 to 60 percent by weight of a combination of two ethoxylated alcohols having from 12 to 20 carbon atoms,B. 2 to 6 percent by weight of an alkali metal soap of fatty acids with substantially 12 to 18 carbon atoms,C. 0.1 to 1 percent by weight of a water-soluble organic sequestering agent for heavy metal ions,D. 20 to 35 percent by weight of a water-miscible organic solvent combination of an aliphatic ether alcohol with 5 to 8 carbon atoms and an alkanediol with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally with up to 3 percent by weight of ethanol or isopropyl alcohol, andE. at least 8 percent by weight up to the balance of 100 percent by weight, of water; as well as the method of washing solid articles utilizing the said compositions.