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1.发明授权Use of PNC tools to determine the depth and relative location of proppant in fractures and the near borehole region 有权使用PNC工具来确定支撑剂在裂缝和近井眼区域的深度和相对位置公开(公告)号：US09038715B2
公开(公告)日：2015-05-26
申请号：US13461498
申请日：2012-05-01
IPC分类号： E21B47/09 , E21B43/04 , E21B43/267 , E21B47/10
CPC分类号： E21B43/04 , E21B43/267 , E21B47/1015
摘要： Methods are provided for identifying the location and height of induced subterranean formation fractures and the presence of any associated frac-pack or gravel pack material in the vicinity of the borehole using pulsed neutron capture (PNC) logging tools. The proppant/sand used in the fracturing and packing processes is tagged with a thermal neutron absorbing material. When proppant is present, increases in detected PNC formation and/or borehole component cross-sections, combined with decreases in measured count rates, are used to determine the location of the formation fractures and the presence and percent fill of pack material in the borehole region. Changes in measured formation cross-sections relative to changes in other PNC parameters provide a relative indication of the proppant in fractures compared to that in the borehole region.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于使用脉冲中子捕获（PNC）测井工具来识别诱发的地层岩石断裂的位置和高度以及在钻孔附近存在任何相关压裂填料或砾石填充材料的方法。 在压裂和包装过程中使用的支撑剂/砂用热中子吸收材料标记。 当支撑剂存在时，检测到的PNC形成和/或钻孔组分横截面的增加以及测量计数率的降低结合使用来确定地层断裂的位置以及在井眼区域中包装材料的存在和百分比填充 。 相对于其他PNC参数的变化，测量地层横截面的变化提供了与井眼区域相比，支撑剂在裂缝中的相对指示。
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公开(公告)号：US08100177B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-24
申请号：US12358168
申请日：2009-01-22
摘要： A method for determining the location and height of a fracture in a subterranean formation using a neutron emitting logging tool. The method includes obtaining a pre-fracture data set, fracturing the formation with a slurry that includes a proppant doped with a high thermal neutron capture cross-section material, obtaining a post-fracture data set, comparing the pre-fracture data set and the post-fracture data set to determine the location of the proppant, and correlating the location of the proppant to a depth measurement of the borehole to determine the location and height of the fracture. Using a pulsed neutron capture tool, it is also possible to determine whether the proppant is located in the fracture, in the borehole adjacent to the fracture, or in both. The method may also include a plurality of post-fracture logging procedures used to determine various fracture and production characteristics in the formation.
摘要翻译： 一种使用中子发射测井工具确定地下地层断裂位置和高度的方法。 该方法包括获得裂缝前数据集，利用包含掺杂有高热中子俘获横截面材料的支撑剂的浆料压裂地层，获得断裂后数据集，比较裂缝前数据集和 断裂后数据集来确定支撑剂的位置，并将支撑剂的位置与钻孔的深度测量相关联，以确定裂缝的位置和高度。 使用脉冲中子捕获工具，还可以确定支撑剂是否位于裂缝中，邻近骨折的钻孔中，或两者中。 该方法还可以包括用于确定地层中各种断裂和生产特性的多个后裂缝测井程序。
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公开(公告)号：US08648309B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-11
申请号：US13237406
申请日：2011-09-20
CPC分类号： G01V5/101
摘要： Proppant placed in a subterranean fracture zone is detected with a spectral identification method in which capture gamma ray spectra are obtained during a logging run carried out with a logging tool having a neutron emitting source and at least one detector sensitive to thermal neutron capture gamma rays. Capture gamma rays from one or more high thermal neutron cross-section materials in the proppant are distinguished from capture gamma rays produced by thermal neutron capture reactions with other downhole formation and borehole constituents utilizing a spectral processing/deconvolution technique. The capture gammas rays from the high thermal neutron capture cross section material in the proppant are used to identify propped fracture zones either alone or in combination with other proppant identification methods which rely on measuring thermal neutron related count rates and/or thermal neutron capture cross-sections from neutron, compensated neutron, and/or pulsed neutron capture logging tools.
摘要翻译： 使用光谱识别方法检测放置在地下断裂带中的支架，其中在使用具有中子发射源的测井工具进行测井运行期间获得捕获伽马射线光谱，并且至少一个对热中子捕获伽马射线敏感的检测器。 从支撑剂中的一个或多个高热中子横截面材料捕获伽马射线与使用光谱处理/去卷积技术的其他井下形成和钻孔成分的热中子捕获反应产生的捕获伽马射线不同。 来自支撑剂中高热中子捕获截面材料的捕获伽马射线用于单独地或与依赖于测量热中子相关计数速率和/或热中子捕获截面的其它支撑剂识别方法的组合来识别支撑的断裂带， 中子，补偿中子和/或脉冲中子捕获测井工具的截面。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08234072B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-31
申请号：US12820576
申请日：2010-06-22
摘要： Methods for determining the locations/heights of fractures in a subterranean formation use a post-fracture log obtained with a compensated neutron or pulsed neutron logging tool. Utilizing predetermined relationships between tool count rates and associated near/far count rate ratios, the methods detect the presence of proppant containing high thermal neutron capture cross-section material, substantially eliminating proppant determination uncertainty resulting from changes in formation hydrogen index. In an interval of a well with given borehole and formation conditions, and not containing proppant, a relationship is developed between detector count rate and near/far ratio. This relationship is used to compute count rate from the ratio in intervals of the well possibly containing proppant and which have similar formation and borehole conditions. The count rate computed from the ratio is compared with the observed detector count rate, with proppant indicated from suppression in observed count rate relative to count rate computed from the ratio.
摘要翻译： 用于确定地层中裂缝的位置/高度的方法使用用补偿的中子或脉冲中子测井工具获得的断裂后测井。 利用工具计数率和相关的近/远计数率之间的预定关系，该方法检测含有高热中子捕获截面材料的支撑剂的存在，基本上消除了由形成氢指数变化导致的支撑剂确定不确定性。 在具有给定钻孔和形成条件的井的间隔内，并且不含支撑剂，在检测器计数率和近/远比之间形成关系。 这种关系用于从可能含有支撑剂的井的间隔的比例计算计数率，并且具有相似的形成和钻孔条件。 将从该比计算的计数率与观察到的检测器计数率进行比较，其中支撑剂以观察到的计数率相对于根据比率计算的计数率表示抑制。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08214151B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-03
申请号：US12425884
申请日：2009-04-17
摘要： Methods are provided for determining the locations and heights of fractures in a subterranean formation using a neutron-emitting logging tool. Utilizing predetermined relationships (1) between logging tool count rates and associated apparent formation hydrogen index values and (2) between logging tool count rate ratios and associated apparent formation hydrogen index values, the methods detect the presence and heights in the formation of proppant containing high thermal neutron capture cross section material in a manner substantially eliminating proppant determination uncertainty resulting from a prior change in formation hydrogen index values. A second, associated, method employing logging tool count rates and count rate ratios to determine the presence of proppant containing high thermal neutron capture cross section absorbers utilizes a crossplot of count rate versus ratio. Logged intervals containing no proppant will fall on a trend/trendline on the crossplot, whereas logged intervals containing proppant will fall off from this trend/trendline.
摘要翻译： 提供了使用中子发射测井工具确定地下地层中裂缝的位置和高度的方法。 利用预定的关系（1）记录工具计数率和相关的表观形成氢指数值，以及（2）记录工具计数率和相关的表观形成氢指数值之间，该方法检测含高含量支撑剂形成的存在和高度 热中子捕获截面材料，其方式基本上消除了由于形成氢指数值的先前变化而导致的支撑剂确定不确定性。 使用测井工具计数率和计数速率比率的第二种相关联方法来确定含有高热中子捕获截面吸收剂的支撑剂的存在利用计数速率与比率的交叉图。 不含支撑剂的记录间隔将落在交叉图上的趋势/趋势线上，而含有支撑剂的记录间隔将从该趋势/趋势线脱落。
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6.发明申请Methods of Identifying High Neutron Capture Cross Section Doped Proppant in Induced Subterranean Formation Fractures 有权识别诱导地下形成骨折中高中子捕获横截面掺杂支原体的方法公开(公告)号：US20090210161A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-20
申请号：US12425884
申请日：2009-04-17
IPC分类号： G01V5/04
摘要： Methods are provided for determining the locations and heights of fractures in a subterranean formation using a neutron-emitting logging tool. Utilizing predetermined relationships (1) between logging tool count rates and associated apparent formation hydrogen index values and (2) between logging tool count rate ratios and associated apparent formation hydrogen index values, the methods detect the presence and heights in the formation of proppant containing high thermal neutron capture cross section material in a manner substantially eliminating proppant determination uncertainty resulting from a prior change in formation hydrogen index values. A second, associated, method employing logging tool count rates and count rate ratios to determine the presence of proppant containing high thermal neutron capture cross section absorbers utilizes a crossplot of count rate versus ratio. Logged intervals containing no proppant will fall on a trend/trendline on the crossplot, whereas logged intervals containing proppant will fall off from this trend/trendline.
摘要翻译： 提供了使用中子发射测井工具确定地下地层中裂缝的位置和高度的方法。 利用预定的关系（1）记录工具计数率和相关的表观形成氢指数值，以及（2）记录工具计数率和相关的表观形成氢指数值之间，该方法检测含高含量支撑剂形成的存在和高度 热中子捕获截面材料，其方式基本上消除了由于形成氢指数值的先前变化而导致的支撑剂确定不确定性。 使用测井工具计数率和计数速率比率的第二种相关联方法来确定含有高热中子捕获截面吸收剂的支撑剂的存在利用计数速率与比率的交叉图。 不含支撑剂的记录间隔将落在交叉图上的趋势/趋势线上，而含有支撑剂的记录间隔将从该趋势/趋势线脱落。
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公开(公告)号：US08211284B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-03
申请号：US12266293
申请日：2008-11-06
IPC分类号： C02F1/46
CPC分类号： B03C9/00 , B03C5/02 , B03C2201/02
摘要： A separating system for separating a fluid mixture incorporates a smart surface having reversibly switchable properties. A voltage is selectively applied to the smart surface to attract or repel constituents of a fluid mixture, such as oil and water produced from a hydrocarbon well. The smart surface can be used in a conditioner to increase droplet size prior to entering a conventional separator, or the smart surface and other elements of the invention can be incorporated into an otherwise conventional separator to enhance separation. In a related aspect, a concentration sensor incorporating smart surfaces senses concentration of the fluid mixture's constituents.
摘要翻译： 用于分离流体混合物的分离系统包括具有可逆切换特性的智能表面。 选择性地将电压施加到智能表面以吸引或排斥诸如由烃井产生的油和水的流体混合物的成分。 智能表面可以在调节剂中用于在进入常规分离器之前增加液滴尺寸，或者将本发明的智能表面和其它元件并入另外常规的分离器中以增强分离。 在相关方面，包含智能表面的浓度传感器感测流体混合物组分的浓度。
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公开(公告)号：US07823635B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-02
申请号：US10924161
申请日：2004-08-23
CPC分类号： E21B43/385
摘要： A downhole oil and water separator for an oil well includes a water-selective membrane disposed in a production flowpath of the well. The water-selective membrane is operable to selectively pass water from the production flowpath to a disposal zone to increase the concentration of oil in the production flowpath at the surface.
摘要翻译： 用于油井的井下油水分离器包括设置在井的生产流路中的水选择性膜。 水选择性膜可操作以选择性地将水从生产流程传递到处理区域，以增加在表面处的生产流程中的油的浓度。
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公开(公告)号：US07568523B2
公开(公告)日：2009-08-04
申请号：US11703950
申请日：2007-02-08
IPC分类号： E21B43/40
CPC分类号： E21B21/063 , B01D17/042 , B01D17/044 , B01D17/047
摘要： Cesium solutions are treated in a cavitation device to increase their temperature and facilitate the removal of water from them. The context is normally an oil well fluid or a mining solution. The concentrated solutions can be reused, in the case of oil well fluids, or more easily handled for recovery of the elemental cesium or cesium in the form of a salt. Thermal energy is saved by using the concentrate or the water vapor to heat various streams within the system.
摘要翻译： 在空穴装置中处理铯溶液以增加其温度并便于从它们中除去水。 上下文通常是油井液或采矿解决方案。 浓缩溶液可以在油井液的情况下重复使用，或者更容易处理以回收盐形式的元素铯或铯。 通过使用浓缩物或水蒸气来加热系统内的各种流，可节省热能。
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10.发明授权Assembly and method for determining thermal properties of a formation and forming a liner 有权用于确定地层的热性质并形成衬垫的装配和方法公开(公告)号：US07516802B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-14
申请号：US11926906
申请日：2007-10-29
申请人： Harry D. Smith, Jr.
发明人： Harry D. Smith, Jr.
CPC分类号： G01V9/00 , E21B7/14 , E21B33/138 , E21B43/10 , E21B43/11 , E21B47/065 , G01N25/005 , G01N25/18
摘要： The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for making in situ thermal property determinations utilizing a heat source employed in wellbore stabilization procedures, well drilling, or well perforating, for example. In particular, using a heat source, such as a laser driller, to enable formation temperature measurements. Based on these measurements, thermal properties of the formation may be inferred.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及利用用于井眼稳定程序，钻井或穿孔的热源进行原位热性质测定的方法和装置。 特别地，使用诸如激光钻孔机的热源来实现地层温度测量。 基于这些测量，可以推断地层的热性质。
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