摘要:
Processes for the continuous fractional distillation of a mixture containing morpholine (MO), monoaminodiglycol (ADG), ammonia and water from a reaction of diethylene glycol (DEG) with ammonia, the process including: (i) separating off ammonia from the mixture at a top of a first distillation column K10; (ii) feeding a bottom fraction from K10 to a second distillation column K20, in which water and an organic product are separated off at the top at a temperature at the top in the range from 45 to 198° C. and a pressure in the range from 0.1 to 15 bar; (iii) feeding a bottom fraction from K20 to a third distillation column K30, wherein the column K30 is a dividing wall column (DWC)which preferably has a dividing wall (DW) in the longitudinal direction of the column to form an upper combined column region (1), a lower combined column region (6), an inflow part (2,4) having an enrichment section (2) and a stripping section (4), and also an offtake part (3,5) having an enrichment section (3) and a stripping section (5), with the bottoms from K20 being fed in in the upper or middle third of the inflow part (2,4), based on the number of theoretical plates of the inflow part, ADG and organic products having a boiling point of >190° C. (1.013 bar) being discharge at the bottom, organic products having a boiling point of ≦128° C. (1.013 bar) being discharge at a top and MO being discharge from the middle or lower third of the offtake part (3,5) (side offtake), based on the number of theoretical plates of the offtake part.
摘要:
Processes for the continuous fractional distillation of a mixture comprising morpholine (MO), monoaminodiglycol (ADG), ammonia and water from a reaction of diethylene glycol (DEG) with ammonia, the process comprising: (i) separating off ammonia from the mixture at a top of a first distillation column K10; (ii) feeding a bottom fraction from the first distillation column to a second distillation column K20, wherein water and an organic product are separated off at a top of the second distillation column at a top temperature of 45 to 198° C. and a pressure in the range from 0.1 to 15 bar; (iii) feeding a bottom fraction from the second distillation column to a third distillation column K30, wherein morpholine and an organic product having a boiling point of 190° C. (1.013 bar) are separated off at a bottom of the third distillation column, and (iv) feeding the morpholine-comprising stream from the third distillation column to a fourth column K40, wherein morpholine is separated off at a side offtake of the fourth column, an organic product having a boiling point of ≦128° C. (1.013 bar) is separated off at a top of the fourth distillation column and an organic product having a boiling point of ≧128° C. (1.013 bar) is separated off at a bottom of the fourth distillation column.
摘要:
Process for the continuous fractional distillation of mixtures including morpholine (MO), monoaminodiglycol (ADG), ammonia and water obtained by reaction of diethylene glycol (DEG) with ammonia, which includes separating off ammonia at the top of a first distillation column K10, feeding the bottoms from K10 to a second distillation column K20 in which water and organic products are separated off at the top at a temperature at the top in the range from 45 to 198° C. and a pressure in the range from 0.1 to 15 bar, feeding the bottoms from K20 to a third distillation column K30 in which MO and organic products having a boiling point of 190° C. (1.013 bar) are separated off at the bottom, feeding the MO including stream which is separated off at the top or at a side offtake of the column K30 to a fourth column K40 in which organic products having a boiling point of ≦128° C. (1.013 bar) are separated off at the top and MO and organic products having a boiling point of ≧128° C. (1.013 bar) are separated off at the bottom and the bottoms from K40 are fed to a fifth distillation column K55 in which MO is separated off at the top and organic products having a boiling point of ≧128° C. (1.013 bar) are separated off at the bottom.
摘要:
Processes for the continuous fractional distillation of a mixture comprising morpholine (MO), monoaminodiglycol (ADG), ammonia and water from a reaction of diethylene glycol (DEG) with ammonia, the process comprising: (i) separating off ammonia from the mixture at a top of a first distillation column K10; (ii) feeding a bottom fraction from K10 to a second distillation column K20 in which water and organic products are separated off at the top at a temperature at the top in the range from 45 to 198° C. and a pressure in the range from 0.1 to 15 bar, (iii) feeding a bottom fraction from K20 to a third distillation column K30, wherein the column K30 is a dividing wall column (DWC) which preferably has a dividing wall (DW) in the longitudinal direction of the column to form an upper combined column region (1), a lower combined column region (6), an inflow part (2, 4) having an enrichment section (2) and a stripping section (4), and also an offtake part (3, 5) having an enrichment section (3) and a stripping section (5), with the bottoms from K20 being fed in in the upper or middle third of the inflow part (2, 4), based on the number of theoretical plates of the inflow part, ADG and organic products having a boiling point of >190° C. (1.013 bar) being discharged at the bottom, organic products having a boiling point of ≦128° C. (1.013 bar) being discharged at the top and MO being discharged from the middle or lower third of the offtake part (3, 5) (side offtake), based on the number of theoretical plates of the offtake part.
摘要:
Processes for the continuous fractional distillation of a mixture comprising morpholine (MO), monoaminodiglycol (ADG), ammonia and water from a reaction of diethylene glycol (DEG) with ammonia, the process comprising: (i) separating off ammonia from the mixture at a top of a first distillation column K10; (ii) feeding a bottom fraction from the first distillation column to a second distillation column K20, wherein water and an organic product are separated off at a top of the second distillation column at a top temperature of 45 to 198° C. and a pressure in the range from 0.1 to 15 bar; (iii) feeding a bottom fraction from the second distillation column to a third distillation column K30, wherein morpholine and an organic product having a boiling point of 190° C. (1.013 bar) are separated off at a bottom of the third ditillation column, and (iv) feeding the morpholine-comprising stream from the third distillation column to a fourth column K40, wherein morpholine is separated off at a side offtake of the fourth column, an organic product having a boiling point of ≦128° C. (1.013 bar) is separated off at a top of the fourth distillation column and an organic product having a boiling point of ≧128° C. (1.013 bar) is separated off at a bottom of the fourth distillation column.
摘要:
Processes for the continuous fractional distillation of a mixture comprising morpholine (MO), monoaminodiglycol (ADG), ammonia and water from a reaction of diethylene glycol (DEG) with ammonia, the processes comprising: (i) separating off ammonia from the mixture at a top of a first distillation column K10; (ii) feeding a bottom fraction from K10 to a second distillation column K20 in which water and organic products are separated off at the top at a temperature at the top in the range from 45 to 198° C. and a pressure in the range from 0.1 to 15 bar; (iii) feeding a bottom fraction from K20 to a third distillation column K30 in which MO and organic products having a boiling point of 190° C. (1.013 bar) are separated off at the bottom, and (iv) feeding the MO-comprising stream which is separated off at the top or at a side offtake of the column K30 to a fourth column K40 in which organic products having a boiling point of ≦128° C. (1.013 bar) are separated off at the top and MO and organic products having a boiling point of ≧128° C. (1.013 bar) are separated off at the bottom and the bottoms from K40 are fed to a fifth distillation column K55 in which MO is separated off at the top and organic products having a boiling point of ≧128° C. (1.013 bar) are separated off at the bottom.
摘要:
Process for the continuous preparation of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) by reacting gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) with monomethylamine (MMA) in the liquid phase, wherein GBL and MMA are used in a molar ratio of from 1:1.08 to 1:2 and the reaction is carried out at from 320 to 380° C. and an absolute pressure of from 70 to 120 bar.
摘要:
Process for the continuous preparation of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) by reacting gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) with monomethylamine (MMA) in the liquid phase, wherein GBL and MMA are used in a molar ratio of from 1:1.08 to 1:2 and the reaction is carried out at from 320 to 380° C. and an absolute pressure of from 70 to 120 bar.
摘要:
A process for continuously preparing 2-pyrrolidone by reacting gamma-butyrolactone with ammonia in the liquid phase in the presence of water, wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 275 to 300° C. and an absolute pressure of from 140 to 180 bar.
摘要:
The invention relates to a reactor for performing high-pressure reactions, comprising at least one tube (31) whose ends are each conducted through a tube plate (33) and which is bonded to the tube plate (33). The tube plates (33) and the at least one tube (31) are surrounded by an outer jacket, such that an outer space (39) is formed between the tube (31) and the outer jacket. The tube plates (33) each have at least one surface composed of a nickel-base alloy and the at least one tube (31) is in each case welded on to the surface composed of the nickel-base alloy. The surface composed of the nickel-base alloy points in each case in the direction of the particular reactor end. The outer jacket has a thickness which is sufficient to absorb tensile forces which occur between tube (31) and outer jacket owing to a temperature difference in the event of different expansion. The invention further relates to a process for starting up the reactor and for performing an exothermic reaction in the reactor.