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公开(公告)号：US4603940A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US527946
申请日：1983-08-30
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B6/28 , G02F1/17 , G02F1/19 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/091 , H01S3/0915 , H01S3/20 , H01S3/213 , G02B6/26 , G02B6/10 , G02B6/36
CPC分类号： G02B6/2821 , H01S3/06708 , H01S3/20 , H01S3/213
摘要： A fiber optic amplifier as disclosed, comprised of a fiber optic, monomode waveguide which has a core and cladding. Part of the cladding over a predetermined region is removed and replaced by an active medium capable of absorbing light energy at a first wavelength and emitting light energy at a second wavelength. The active medium is a lasing dye which has an index of refraction adjusted to be slightly less than the index of refraction of the fiber core. The amount of cladding which is removed is adjusted such that a predetermined amount of penetration of the evanescent field from a pump light signal coupled into an end of the fiber penetrates the active medium. A probe signal to be amplified causes stimulated emission from the excited dye molecules by penetration of its evanescent field into the dye in the region where the cladding is removed.In the preferred embodiment a recirculating pump is used to circulate dye through a cavity which is placed over the portion of the fiber where the cladding is removed. The dye molecules in contact with the surface caused by removal of the cladding are continually changed. A temperature control unit maintains the temperature of the dye such that its index of refraction remains tuned to an amount just less than the index of refraction of the core.
摘要翻译： 公开的一种光纤放大器，包括具有芯和包层的光纤，单模波导。 除去预定区域上的部分包层，并用能够吸收第一波长的光能并以第二波长发射光能的活性介质代替。 活性介质是一种激光折射率，其折射率被调整为略小于纤维芯的折射率。 被去除的包层的量被调整为使得从耦合到纤维的端部的泵浦光信号中的消逝场的预定量的穿透穿透活性介质。 要被放大的探针信号通过在消除包层的区域中将其消逝场穿透到染料中，从而激发染料分子的受激发射。 在优选实施例中，循环泵用于使染料循环通过空腔，所述空腔放置在去除了包层的纤维部分上。 由去除包层引起的与表面接触的染料分子不断变化。 温度控制单元保持染料的温度，使得其折射率保持调谐到刚好小于芯的折射率的量。
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公开(公告)号：US4560234A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-24
申请号：US523150
申请日：1983-08-15
CPC分类号： G02B6/3502 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2861 , G02B6/3588 , G02B6/3546 , G02B6/3578 , G02B6/3594
摘要： A pair of optical couplers are arranged in series with a pair of outputs from the first optical coupler supplying the pair of inputs to the second optical coupler. At least one of the optical fibers between the first and second couplers is arranged to have a variable length, said variation being at least one-half the wavelength of the light signal utilized within the system. When light is supplied to one input of the first coupler, this light can be switched selectively to either of the outputs of the second coupler by varying the length of one of the optical fibers between the couplers. Thus, a light signal supplied to either of the inputs of the first coupler can be selectively output at either of the outputs of the second coupler or can be made to alternate between these outputs in accordance with the length of the intervening optical fiber.
摘要翻译： 一对光耦合器与来自第一光耦合器的一对输出串联布置，将一对输入端提供给第二光耦合器。 第一和第二耦合器之间的光纤中的至少一个布置成具有可变长度，所述变化是系统内所使用的光信号的波长的至少一半。 当光被提供给第一耦合器的一个输入端时，该光可以通过改变耦合器之间的一根光纤的长度来选择性地切换到第二耦合器的输出端。 因此，提供给第一耦合器的任一输入端的光信号可以选择性地输出到第二耦合器的输出端，或者可以根据中间光纤的长度在这些输出端之间交替。
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公开(公告)号：US4493528A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-15
申请号：US139511
申请日：1980-04-11
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Ralph A. Bergh
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Ralph A. Bergh
CPC分类号： G02B6/3536 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/3594 , Y10S359/90
摘要： Apparatus and method of manufacture for coupling optical power between two strands of fiber optic material in a given direction of propagation. The coupler employs generally parallel, intersecting strands of fiber optic material having the cladding removed on one side thereof to within a few microns of the fiber cores in the region of intersection to permit light transfer between the strands.
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4.发明授权Fiber optic rotation sensor utilizing a magnetic shield and an optical isolator 失效光纤旋转传感器采用磁屏蔽和光隔离器
公开(公告)号：US4671658A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-09
申请号：US319311
申请日：1981-11-09
CPC分类号： G01C19/72
摘要： A fiber optic rotation sensor, employing the Sagnac effect, comprises all fiber optic components, positioned along a continuous, uninterrupted strand of fiber optic material. The rotation sensor includes a detection system utilizing a modulator for phase modulating light waves which counterpropagate through a loop formed in the fiber optic strand. The modulator is operated at a specific frequency to eliminate amplitude modulation in the detected optical output signal. The rotation sensor is mounted in a .mu.-metal housing to shield it from the effects of ambient magnetic fields. An isolator is utilized to prevent the optical output signal from returning to the laser source. This advantageously reduces power losses in the system by eliminating the need for a coupler to couple the output signal to a detector.
摘要翻译： 使用Sagnac效应的光纤旋转传感器包括沿着连续的，不间断的光纤材料束定位的所有光纤部件。 旋转传感器包括利用调制器的检测系统，该调制器用于相位调制通过在光纤链中形成的环路而反向传播的光波。 调制器以特定频率工作，以消除所检测的光输出信号中的幅度调制。 旋转传感器安装在金属外壳中，以防止环境磁场的影响。 使用隔离器来防止光输出信号返回激光源。 这有利地通过消除对耦合器将输出信号耦合到检测器的需要来减少系统中的功率损耗。
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公开(公告)号：US4536058A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-20
申请号：US300955
申请日：1981-09-10
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Ralph A. Bergh
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Ralph A. Bergh
CPC分类号： G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A fiber optic directional coupler comprises a pair of bases, with respective longitudinal, arcuate grooves formed therein on confronting faces thereof, for mounting a pair of optical fibers in close proximity. A portion of the cladding is removed from each of the fibers to form planar facing surfaces which permits the spacing between the fiber cores to be within a predetermined critical zone so that guided modes of the fibers interact, through their evanescent fields, to cause light to be transferred by evanescent field coupling between the fibers. The coupler is "tuned" to a desired coupling efficiency by offsetting the planar facing surfaces to increase the spacing between the fiber cores. A method of manufacture of the coupler includes procedures which permit the coupler halves to be made symmetrical. The method also permits couplers having given coupling characteristics to be reproduced.
摘要翻译： 光纤定向耦合器包括一对基座，在其相对的表面上形成有各自的纵向弧形槽，用于将一对光纤安装在紧邻处。 从每个纤维中去除包层的一部分以形成平面相对表面，其允许纤维芯之间的间隔在预定的临界区内，使得纤维的引导模式通过它们的渐逝场相互作用，以使光线 通过纤维之间的ev逝场耦合传递。 耦合器通过抵消平面相对表面以增加光纤芯之间的间距而被“调谐”到期望的耦合效率。 耦合器的制造方法包括允许耦合器半部对称的过程。 该方法还允许具有给定耦合特性的耦合器被再现。
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公开(公告)号：US4773759A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-27
申请号：US049805
申请日：1987-05-12
CPC分类号： G01C19/72
摘要： A fiber optic interferometer provides Kerr effect compensation by intensity modulating counterpropagating waves of unequal intensity such that the average value of the square of the intensity is equal to a constant times the average value of the intensity squared, the constant preferably being equal to about two. The intensity modulation may be achieved by using a modulator in combination with a light source or by using a source in which plural frequencies combine to provide the modulation.
摘要翻译： 光纤干涉仪通过强度调制不等强度的反向传播波提供克尔效应补偿，使得强度平方的平均值等于强度平方值的平均值的常数，该常数优选等于约2。 可以通过使用与光源组合的调制器或通过使用多个频率组合以提供调制的源来实现强度调制。
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公开(公告)号：US4410275A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-18
申请号：US249714
申请日：1981-03-31
CPC分类号： G01C19/64
摘要： Rotation sensor having a loop of fiber optic material in which counter propagating waves are generated with a phase relationship corresponding to the rate at which the loop is rotated. All fiber optic components are employed in the system for directing the light to and from the loop and establishing, maintaining and controlling proper polarization of the light. In one particularly preferred embodiment, the loop and other components are formed on a single strand of fiber optic material which extends continuously through the system.
摘要翻译： 旋转传感器具有光纤材料环，其中以相对于循环旋转速率的相位关系产生反向传播波。 系统中采用了所有光纤组件，用于将光引导到环路和从环路引导，并建立，维护和控制光的适当极化。 在一个特别优选的实施例中，环和其它部件形成在连续延伸通过系统的单根光纤材料上。
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公开(公告)号：US4601541A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-22
申请号：US544079
申请日：1983-10-21
CPC分类号： G02B6/3502 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/3536 , G02B6/3594 , Y10S359/90
摘要： Apparatus and method of manufacture for coupling optical power between two strands of fiber optic material in a given direction of propagation. The coupler employs generally parallel, intersecting strands of fiber optic material having the cladding removed on one side thereof to within a few microns of the fiber cores in the region of intersection to permit light transfer between the strands.
摘要翻译： 用于在给定的传播方向上耦合光纤材料的两股之间的光功率的装置和方法。 耦合器通常使光纤材料平行且相交的光纤材料束，其在其一侧上被除去的包层在交叉区域内的纤维芯的几微米内，以允许光纤之间的光传输。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4869592A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-26
申请号：US149140
申请日：1988-01-27
申请人： Ralph A. Bergh
发明人： Ralph A. Bergh
CPC分类号： G01C19/721 , G01C19/726
摘要： In a closed loop fiber optic gyroscope, the counter-propagating lightwaves are phase modulated by a triangular wave modulation with the triangular wave skewed to lock the phase difference between the counter-propagating waves alternately to specific values of phase difference which are greater than and less than the phase difference due to rotation. The difference in elapsed time between the up-slope and down-slope portions of the triangular wave modulation yields a measure of rotation angle, whereas such difference in elapsed time divided by total elapsed time yields a measure of rotation rate. The phase difference is further modulated about the locked values at a higher frequency, such higher frequency phase difference modulation being synchronously detected to produce a rotation rate signal component employed to generate the skewed triangular wave. Various other features are employed to light polarization errors.
摘要翻译： 在闭环光纤陀螺仪中，反向传播光波被三角波调制相位调制，三角波偏移，将反向传播波之间的相位差交替地锁定到相位差大于或等于的相位差 比由于旋转的相位差。 三角波调制的上斜坡部分和下坡部分之间的经过时间的差异产生旋转角度的测量值，而经过时间的差除以总耗用时间产生旋转速度的量度。 相位差被进一步调制在较高频率处的锁定值，这种较高频率相位差调制被同步检测以产生用于产生偏斜三角波的旋转速率信号分量。 采用各种其它特征来发光偏振误差。
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10.发明授权Method and apparatus for multiplexing multiple Sagnac interferometers with single input for source light 有权用于将多个Sagnac干涉仪与用于光源的单个输入复用的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US09518827B2
公开(公告)日：2016-12-13
申请号：US13696258
申请日：2011-05-07
申请人： Ralph A. Bergh
发明人： Ralph A. Bergh
IPC分类号： G01C19/72
CPC分类号： G01C19/728 , G01C19/721
摘要： A method and system for transmitting source light to a plurality of Sagnac interferometers includes a first directional coupler that splits the source light into a second light beam and a third light beam. The second light beam supplies light to a first Sagnac interferometer and the second light beam supplies light to a second directional coupler, and the first directional coupler also delivers light returning from the first Sagnac interferometer to a first detector that is used to indicate rotation of the first Sagnac interferometer. The second directional coupler splits the third light beam into a fourth light beam and a fifth light beam, and the fourth light beam supplies light to a second Sagnac interferometer. The second directional coupler delivers light returning from the second Sagnac interferometer to a second detector, and the second detector provides a signal indicative of rotation of the second Sagnac interferometer.
摘要翻译： 用于将源光发射到多个Sagnac干涉仪的方法和系统包括将源光分成第二光束和第三光束的第一定向耦合器。 第二光束向第一Sagnac干涉仪提供光，第二光束将光提供给第二定向耦合器，并且第一定向耦合器还将从第一Sagnac干涉仪返回的光传送到第一检测器，该第一检测器用于指示 首先是Sagnac干涉仪。 第二定向耦合器将第三光束分成第四光束和第五光束，第四光束将光提供给第二Sagnac干涉仪。 第二定向耦合器将从第二Sagnac干涉仪返回的光传递到第二检测器，并且第二检测器提供指示第二Sagnac干涉仪旋转的信号。
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