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公开(公告)号：US11804859B2
公开(公告)日：2023-10-31
申请号：US17580146
申请日：2022-01-20
发明人： John Paul Strachan , Can Li , Catherine Graves
CPC分类号： H03M13/6597 , G11C13/004 , H03M13/1575 , G11C13/0069 , G11C27/005 , H03M13/1177
摘要： An analog error correction circuit is disclosed that implements an analog error correction code. The analog circuit includes a crossbar array of memristors or other non-volatile tunable resistive memory devices. The crossbar array includes a first crossbar array portion programmed with values of a target computation matrix and a second crossbar array portion programmed with values of an encoder matrix for correcting computation errors in the matrix multiplication of an input vector with the computation matrix. The first and second crossbar array portions share the same row lines and are connected to a third crossbar array portion that is programmed with values of a decoder matrix, thereby enabling single-cycle error detection. A computation error is detected based on output of the decoder matrix circuitry and a location of the error is determined via an inverse matrix multiplication operation whereby the decoder matrix output is fed back to the decoder matrix.
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公开(公告)号：US20210398574A1
公开(公告)日：2021-12-23
申请号：US16905694
申请日：2020-06-18
发明人： Thomas Van Vaerenbergh , Can Li , Catherine Graves
摘要： Systems and methods for an optical ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) are provided. The optical TCAM implements a time-division multiplexing (TDM) based encoding scheme to encode each bit position of a search word in the time domain. Each bit position is associated with at least two time slots. The encoded optical signal comprising the search word is routed through one or more modulators configured to represent a respective TCAM stored word. If a mismatch between at least one bit position of the search word and at least one TCAM stored word occurs, a photodetector or photodetector array will detect light.
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公开(公告)号：US11057143B1
公开(公告)日：2021-07-06
申请号：US16905674
申请日：2020-06-18
发明人： Thomas Van Vaerenbergh , Can Li , Catherine Graves
摘要： Systems and methods for an optical ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) is provided. In various embodiments, one or more search words can be encoded in a multi-wavelength input signal. Each bit position associated with a set of wavelengths of the input signal, each wavelength corresponding to a logic value. A plurality of copies of the input signal can be coupled to an optical search engine comprising a plurality of rows of stored words. In various embodiments, the search word may be encoded in the amplitude of a single wavelength. Each bit position can be associated with a set input waveguides, and a logic value can be encoded based on whether amplitude of the associated wavelength is detected on a respective input waveguide of the set of waveguides. A mismatch of at least one bit is indicated if light is detected on an output of the optical TCAM.
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公开(公告)号：US11735281B2
公开(公告)日：2023-08-22
申请号：US17245540
申请日：2021-04-30
发明人： Catherine Graves , Can Li , John Paul Strachan
CPC分类号： G11C27/005 , G11C15/046
摘要： An analog content addressable memory (aCAM) that enables parallel searching of analog ranges of values and generates analog outputs that quantify matches between input data and stored data is disclosed. The input data can be compared with the stored data, and the input data can be determined to match the stored data based on a value associated with the input data being within a range associated with the stored data. The aCAM can generate an analog output that represents a number of matches and a number of mismatches between the input data and the stored data. Based on the analog output, whether the input data matches the stored data and a degree to which the input data matches the stored data can be determined.
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US11615827B2
公开(公告)日：2023-03-28
申请号：US17071924
申请日：2020-10-15
发明人： Catherine Graves , Can Li , Kivanc Ozonat , John Paul Strachan
IPC分类号： G11C15/04 , G11C11/00 , G06F9/38 , G11C11/06 , G11C11/412
摘要： Examples described herein relate to a decision tree computation system in which a hardware accelerator for a decision tree is implemented in the form of an analog Content Addressable Memory (a-CAM) array. The hardware accelerator accesses a decision tree. The decision tree comprises of multiple paths and each path of the multiple paths includes a set of nodes. Each node of the decision tree is associated with a feature variable of multiple feature variables of the decision tree. The hardware accelerator combines multiple nodes among the set of nodes with a same feature variable into a combined single node. Wildcard values are replaced for feature variables not being evaluated in each path. Each combined single node associated with each feature variable is mapped to a corresponding column in the a-CAM array and the multiple paths of the decision tree to rows of the a-CAM array.
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公开(公告)号：US20240039562A1
公开(公告)日：2024-02-01
申请号：US18482964
申请日：2023-10-09
发明人： John Paul Strachan , Catherine Graves , Can Li
CPC分类号： H03M13/6597 , H03M13/1575 , G11C13/004 , H03M13/1177
摘要： An analog error correction circuit is disclosed that implements an analog error correction code. The analog circuit includes a crossbar array of memristors or other non-volatile tunable resistive memory devices. The crossbar array includes a first crossbar array portion programmed with values of a target computation matrix and a second crossbar array portion programmed with values of an encoder matrix for correcting computation errors in the matrix multiplication of an input vector with the computation matrix. The first and second crossbar array portions share the same row lines and are connected to a third crossbar array portion that is programmed with values of a decoder matrix, thereby enabling single-cycle error detection. A computation error is detected based on output of the decoder matrix circuitry and a location of the error is determined via an inverse matrix multiplication operation whereby the decoder matrix output is fed back to the decoder matrix.
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公开(公告)号：US11200929B1
公开(公告)日：2021-12-14
申请号：US16905694
申请日：2020-06-18
发明人： Thomas Van Vaerenbergh , Can Li , Catherine Graves
摘要： Systems and methods for an optical ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) are provided. The optical TCAM implements a time-division multiplexing (TDM) based encoding scheme to encode each bit position of a search word in the time domain. Each bit position is associated with at least two time slots. The encoded optical signal comprising the search word is routed through one or more modulators configured to represent a respective TCAM stored word. If a mismatch between at least one bit position of the search word and at least one TCAM stored word occurs, a photodetector or photodetector array will detect light.
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公开(公告)号：US10896731B1
公开(公告)日：2021-01-19
申请号：US16526455
申请日：2019-07-30
发明人： Can Li , Catherine Graves , John Paul Strachan
IPC分类号： G11C15/04
摘要： A content addressable memory (CAM) structure is provided. The CAM comprises a plurality of CAM cells communicatively coupled to processing circuitry. A plurality of threshold switching (TS) memristors are included, each configured to connect to a one of the plurality of CAM cells, with the first end connected to the CAM cell and the second connected to a match line. A discharge transistor is included and configured to discharge any charge on the match line in response to the CAM receiving a command to perform a search.
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公开(公告)号：US20200258587A1
公开(公告)日：2020-08-13
申请号：US16274379
申请日：2019-02-13
发明人： Can Li , Catherine Graves , John Paul Strachan
摘要： An analog content addressable memory cell includes a high side and a low side. The high side encodes a high bound on a range of values and includes a first voltage divider formed of a first programmable resistor and a first electronically controlled variable resistor. The low side encodes a low bound on the range of values and includes a second voltage divider formed of a second programmable resistor and a second electronically controlled variable resistor.
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公开(公告)号：US12100451B2
公开(公告)日：2024-09-24
申请号：US18326813
申请日：2023-05-31
发明人： Can Li , Catherine Graves , John Paul Strachan
摘要： Systems are methods are provided for implementing an analog content addressable memory (analog CAM), which is particularly structured to allow for an amount of variance (fuzziness) in its search operations. The analog CAM may search for approximate matches with the data stored therein, or matches within a defined variance. Circuitry of the analog CAM may include transistor-source lines that receive search-variance parameters, and/or data lines that receive search-variance parameters explicitly within the search input data. The search-variance parameters may include an upper bound and a lower bound that define a range of values within the allotted amount of fuzziness (e.g., deviation from the stored value). The search-variance parameters may program (using analog approaches) the analog CAM to perform searches having a modifiable restrictiveness that is tuned dynamically, as defined by the input search-variance. Thus, highly efficient hardware for complex applications involving fuzziness are enabled.
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