Abstract:
Methods and apparatuses for signaling enhancement to meet low-latency requirements of cloud gaming applications in wireless communication networks are provided. In an example, a method implemented by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes transmitting a first message including neural network data and information indicating a first type of neural network data, the neural network data were marshaled into one or more byte arrays before transmission; receiving a first acknowledgement message indicating a second type of neural network data that an Edge device has received; receiving a second message including marshaled data based on the transmitted neural network data and the information; and transmitting a second acknowledgement message indicating a third type of neural network data that the WTRU has received.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatuses for enabling multi-host multipath secure transport with Quick User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Connections (QUIC) are described herein. A method performed by a client endpoint may involve sending, to a network node, a request to establish a QUIC connection with a destination endpoint, the request to establish the QUIC connection including a flow identifier (ID). The method may involve receiving, from the network node, a response including an indication that the request to establish the QUIC connection with the destination endpoint is accepted. The method may involve encapsulating inner QUIC packetized data within outer QUIC packetized data, the inner QUIC packetized data including the flow ID. The method may involve sending, to the network node, the outer QUIC packetized data for forwarding toward the destination endpoint based on the flow ID.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus are described for synchronizing mobile station (i.e., wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU)) media flows during a collaboration session. Inter-WTRU transfer request messages, flow addition request messages and session update request messages may be exchanged between a plurality of WTRUs and a session continuity control application server (SCC-AS). Each of the messages may include a session description protocol (SDP) attribute line containing time synchronization information (e.g., a presentation time offset (PTO) information element (IE), a media flow group identity (ID) and a synchronization tolerance IE). The SCC-AS may update the time synchronization information and include the updated information in messages it sends to the WTRUs, which may re-synchronize their respective media flows based on the updated time synchronization information.
Abstract:
Methods, apparatus, systems, devices, and computer program products directed to enabling federation 200 of multiple independent networks 204A, 204B, 204C, 204D through hash-routing based peering (HRP) and/or summary-routing based peering (SRP) are provided. Pursuant to new methodologies and/or technologies provided herein the multiple independent networks self-organize, or otherwise assemble, as a federation of network peers. The network peers 204A, 204B, 204C, 204D cooperate to pool and/or merge resources to make available for the federation 200 a population of content objects. As members of the federation, each of the network peers undertakes responsibility for making available to other network peers a share of the population. The multiple independent networks establish connectivity and federate using an HRP protocol. Pursuant to the HRP protocol, the network peers allocate amongst themselves respective key ranges within a hash-value space of a hash function. The network peers employ an allocation strategy to guide allocation of the hash-value space. When one of the network peers 204C receives a content request 201 from a local end user 202, local router or another network, the network peer routes and/or forwards the content request over a backhaul or transit network 216C or any link not part of the peering network if the content request falls into the content-object population allocated to this peer. Alternatively, the network peer routes and/or forwards the content request 201 through another network peer for processing if a hash value calculated from the content request falls within a key range of a hash value space allocated to such network peer. Logically merging the multiple individual networks as a federation with the logically combined backhaul and/or caching resources of the network peers 204A, 204B, 204C, 204D, should result in an efficiency gain because of a higher cache-hit ratio, since the merged caching resources supports a larger population. Federating the multiple individual networks using the HRP protocol enables such logical merging of caching storage capacity and transit (or backhaul) transfer capacity of the multiple individual networks.
Abstract:
An application server receives a request for service from a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) associated with a home network that includes a home subscriber server (HSS) and a bootstrapping server function (BSF) coupled via a Zh reference point. The application server authenticates the WTRU at least in part by (i) redirecting the WTRU to an identity provider co-located with a network application function (IDP/NAF) and coupled to the BSF via a Zn reference point and (ii) receiving an assertion from the WTRU that the IDP/NAF has authenticated the WTRU based on user security settings retrieved from the BSF by the IDP/NAF over the Zn reference point. After authenticating the WTRU, the application server (i) retrieves user-specific Sh-reference-point-type data from the HSS via the IDP/NAF over the Zn and Zh reference points and (ii) provides the service to the WTRU based on the retrieved user-specific Sh-reference-point-type data.
Abstract:
Methods, systems, and instrumentalities are described to obtain application-based connectivity. A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may, in response to a request to access a connectivity-sponsored application, establish a control connection over a first access network for contacting an application connectivity coordinator. The establishment of control connection may include sending an attach request, receiving an IP address for a control link to the application connectivity coordinator, and receiving an IP address. Using the control connection, the WTRU may send an access network discovery request to the application connectivity coordinator. The WTRU may receive, from the application connectivity coordinator a list of access networks. The WTRU may select a second access network from the list of access networks to access the connectivity-sponsored application.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus are described for synchronizing mobile station (i.e., wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU)) media flows during a collaboration session. Inter-WTRU transfer request messages, flow addition request messages and session update request messages may be exchanged between a plurality of WTRUs and a session continuity control application server (SCC-AS). Each of the messages may include a session description protocol (SDP) attribute line containing time synchronization information (e.g., a presentation time offset (PTO) information element (IE), a media flow group identity (ID) and a synchronization tolerance IE). The SCC-AS may update the time synchronization information and include the updated information in messages it sends to the WTRUs, which may re-synchronize their respective media flows based on the updated time synchronization information.
Abstract:
A method of supporting VM migration between a first WTRU and a second WTRU via a 5GLAN is disclosed. The first WTRU is a host of a VM and the second WTRU connects to the 5GLAN. The method comprises that the second WTRU receives the VM migrated from the first WTRU, wherein a tenant system interface (TSI) ID is associated with the VM; sends a PDU session request message to a session management function (SMF) of the 5GLAN, the PDU session request message comprising the TSI ID; and sneds a PDU session response message from the SMF so as to establish a PDU session between the second WTRU and the 5GLAN.
Abstract:
Method, systems, and devices for transparent relocatable application instance deployment are described. A method performed by a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit may comprise transmitting, to a Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) system, a first message including a request to deploy the relocatable application instance at a target. The method may comprise receiving a second message including an indication to establish communication with the application instance and a Transparent Instance Relocation Session Identifier (TIRSI) and establishing, based on the second message, communication with the relocatable application instance at the target. The method may comprise transmitting a third message including a request for relocation of the application instance to another target. The method may comprise receiving a fourth message including an indication to establish communication with a relocated application instance at the another target and the TIRSI and establishing, based on the fourth message, communication with the relocated application instance at the another target.
Abstract:
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products that may be implemented in wireless communications. In one representative method, the WTRU may send one or more age of information (AoI) preferences for a traffic flow to a network entity, and the WTRU may receive one or more AoI rules for the traffic flow from the network entity. The WTRU may receive a packet associated with the traffic flow, and the received packet may include an indication of AoI of the packet. The WTRU may send one or more additional AoI preferences to the network entity, such as upon determining that any of the AoI preferences and/or AoI rules are not satisfied based on the indication of AoI. The indication of AoI may correspond to a processing state of the packet along a path in a network and/or to a time since the packet was created.