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    Solid Carrageenan Ion Exchange
    1.
    发明申请
    Solid Carrageenan Ion Exchange 审中-公开
    固体角叉菜胶离子交换

    公开(公告)号：US20120178922A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-07-12

    申请号：US12985834

    申请日：2011-01-06

    申请人： Jan Larsen ,  Brian Rudolph ,  Iben Hemmingsen ,  Lennart Nielsen

    发明人： Jan Larsen ,  Brian Rudolph ,  Iben Hemmingsen ,  Lennart Nielsen

    IPC分类号： C08B37/00

    CPC分类号： C08B37/0042

    摘要： Embodiments of the present invention function to modify the cation concentration of carrageenans using an ion-exchange process. Processes for modifying the cation concentrations of solid carrageenans are provided. The processes include treating solid carrageenan with an aqueous treatment solution comprising an alcohol and a salt and washing the corresponding treated solid carrageenan with an aqueous solution comprising an alcohol.

    摘要翻译： 本发明的实施方案的功能是使用离子交换方法改变角叉菜胶的阳离子浓度。 提供了改变实心角叉菜胶的阳离子浓度的方法。 所述方法包括用包含醇和盐的水性处理溶液处理固体角叉菜胶，并用包含醇的水溶液洗涤相应的经处理的固体角叉菜胶。

    Rapid and low cost enzymatic full conversion of lignocellulosic biomass
    3.
    发明申请
    Rapid and low cost enzymatic full conversion of lignocellulosic biomass 审中-公开
    木质纤维素生物质的快速低成本酶促转化

    公开(公告)号：US20150037856A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-02-05

    申请号：US14350081

    申请日：2011-10-06

    申请人： Jan Larsen ,  Martin Dan Jeppesen

    发明人： Jan Larsen ,  Martin Dan Jeppesen

    IPC分类号： C12P7/14

    CPC分类号： C12P7/14 ,  C12P7/00 ,  C12P7/06 ,  C12P19/00 ,  Y02E50/17

    摘要： Methods are provided for improved processing of lignocellulosic biomass. Hydrothermally pretreated lignocellulosic biomass is subject to separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) or prehydrolysed and subject to simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) at high initial loadings of cellulase enzymes, at least 15 FPU/g DM. The cellulase enzymes are subsequently recycled and used in subsequent hydrolysis cycles along with a lower dose supplementation of fresh enzyme. Loss of enzyme activity between hydrolysis cycles is offset by improved overall process advantage.

    摘要翻译： 提供了改进木质纤维素生物质处理的方法。 水热预处理的木质纤维素生物质经受单独的水解和发酵（SHF）或预水解，并在纤维素酶的高初始负载下进行同时糖化和发酵（SSF），至少15FPU / g DM。 随后将纤维素酶再循环使用，随后进行水解循环，同时补充新鲜的酶。 在水解循环之间的酶活性的损失被改进的整体工艺优点所抵消。

    Non-sterile fermentation of bioethanol
    4.
    发明授权
    Non-sterile fermentation of bioethanol 有权
    生物乙醇的无菌发酵

    公开(公告)号：US08187849B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-05-29

    申请号：US12808746

    申请日：2008-12-18

    申请人： Jan Larsen

    发明人： Jan Larsen

    IPC分类号： C12P7/10 ,  C12P7/08 ,  C12P7/06

    CPC分类号： C12P7/06 ,  A01N43/08 ,  A01N61/00 ,  A01N65/00 ,  A01N65/44 ,  C12N1/22 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02E50/17

    摘要： A range of concentrations exists in which fermentation inhibitors derived from pretreatment of lignocellulosic feed stocks inhibit growth of lactic acid bacteria without affecting fermentive yeast. By optimizing levels of fermentation inhibitors to fall within this range, yeast fermentations of lignocellulosic biomass can be conducted under non-sterile conditions with ethanol yields comparable to those achieved under sterile conditions. Optimised inhibitor levels can be achieved by controlling the water/biomass ratio of a lignocellulosic biomass during and after pretreatment, for example by washing the fiber fraction of a previously pretreated lignocellulosic biomass with a pre-defined amount of fresh water or recycled process solutions. Crude extracts of liquid fraction or process solutions from pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass can also provide an effective anti-bacterial treatment for first generation starch fermentations.

    摘要翻译： 存在一定范围的浓度，其中衍生自木质纤维素原料的预处理的发酵抑制剂抑制乳酸菌的生长而不影响发酵酵母。 通过优化发酵抑制剂的含量落在此范围内，木质纤维素生物质的酵母发酵可以在非无菌条件下进行，乙醇产量与在无菌条件下达到的相似。 优化的抑制剂水平可以通过在预处理期间和之后控制木质纤维素生物质的水/生物量比来实现，例如通过用预定量的淡水或再循环的处理溶液洗涤先前预处理的木质纤维素生物质的纤维部分。 来自木质纤维素生物质预处理的液体馏分或处理溶液的粗提取物也可为第一代淀粉发酵提供有效的抗菌处理。

    Enzymatic hydrolysis of biomasses having a high dry matter (DM) content
    7.
    发明申请
    Enzymatic hydrolysis of biomasses having a high dry matter (DM) content 有权
    具有高干物质（DM）含量的生物质的酶水解

    公开(公告)号：US20080182323A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-31

    申请号：US12102976

    申请日：2008-04-15

    申请人： Claus Felby ,  Jan Larsen ,  Henning Jergensen ,  Jakob Vibe-Pedersen

    发明人： Claus Felby ,  Jan Larsen ,  Henning Jergensen ,  Jakob Vibe-Pedersen

    IPC分类号： C08B37/00

    CPC分类号： C12P19/12 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P19/14 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02E50/343

    摘要： Disclosed are processes for liquefaction and saccharification of polysacharide containing biomasses having high dry matter content (>20%) and preferably possessing large average particle size. The polysaccharide containing biomasses are subject to enzymatic hydrolysis in a mixer that utilizes “free fall” mixing. “Free fall” mixing provides mechanical degradation of the biomass during hydrolysis and, in the case of lignocellulosic biomass, promotes movement of cellulase enzymes along cellulose chains, which improves enzymatic hydrolysis at high dry matter.

    摘要翻译： 公开了具有高干物质含量（> 20％）且优选具有大的平均粒度的含有多糖的生物质的液化和糖化的方法。 含有多糖的生物质在利用“自由落体”混合的混合器中进行酶水解。 “自由落体”混合在水解期间提供生物质的机械降解，并且在木质纤维素生物质的情况下促进纤维素酶沿着纤维素链的移动，这改善了在高干物质下的酶水解。

    Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Biomasses Having a High Dry Matter (Dm) Content
    8.
    发明申请
    Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Biomasses Having a High Dry Matter (Dm) Content 有权
    具有高干物质（Dm）含量的生物质的酶水解

    公开(公告)号：US20080138862A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-06-12

    申请号：US11720079

    申请日：2005-11-07

    申请人： Claus Felby ,  Jan Larsen ,  Henning Jorgensen ,  Jakob Vibe-Pedersen

    发明人： Claus Felby ,  Jan Larsen ,  Henning Jorgensen ,  Jakob Vibe-Pedersen

    IPC分类号： C12P19/00

    CPC分类号： C12P19/12 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P19/14 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02E50/343

    摘要： The present invention relates to a process for liquefaction and saccharification of polysaccharide containing biomasses, having a relatively high dry matter content. The present invention combines enzymatic hydrolysis with a type of mixing relying on the principle of gravity ensuring that the biomasses are subjected to mechanical forces, primarily shear and tear forces. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the further utilisation of such processed biomasses, e.g. for subsequent fermentation into bio-ethanol, bio-gas, specialty carbohydrates for food and fees as well as carbon feedstock for processing into plastics and chemicals.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有相对高的干物质含量的含多糖的生物质的液化和糖化方法。 本发明根据重力原理将酶水解与一种混合相结合，确保生物质受到机械力，主要是剪切力和撕裂力。 此外，本发明涉及进一步利用这种经处理的生物质，例如， 用于随后发酵成生物乙醇，生物气体，特殊碳水化合物用于食品和费用以及用于加工成塑料和化学品的碳原料。

    Magnetic system for a stereo pick-up with a movable coil
    9.
    发明授权
    Magnetic system for a stereo pick-up with a movable coil 失效
    用于具有可动线圈的立体拾音器的磁系统

    公开(公告)号：US4884262A

    公开(公告)日：1989-11-28

    申请号：US78524

    申请日：1987-07-17

    申请人： Jan Larsen ,  Robert Gudmandsen ,  Per Winfeld

    发明人： Jan Larsen ,  Robert Gudmandsen ,  Per Winfeld

    IPC分类号： H04R9/12 ,  H04R9/16

    CPC分类号： H04R9/16

    摘要： In a stereo pick-up having movable coils (14) and an SmCo magnet (22) with a high energy content, with the coil system (14, 15, 18) arranged in front of one pole face of said magnet, a yoke plate (23) of a magnetic soft material is arranged in front of said system to increase the magnetic induction in the coils. The great coercive force of the magnet is utilized for simplifying and reducing the costs of the mechanical structure in that the yoke plate is formed with two legs (26) which extend rearwardly, engage and are secured to two opposite sides of the magnet. The short-circuit of the magnet established by these legs has no noticeable impact on the induction in the air gap because of the high coercive force of the magnet. The manufacturing costs of the magnet system are additionally reduced in that, instead of a hole to receive a mounting assembly (16) for the coil system, the magnet, whose material is very hard, is formed in its underside with a slot (30) in whose bottom the mounting assembly is arranged and secured by means of a plate-shaped projection (31) on a casing member (32) of plastics.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DK86 / 00127 Sec。 371日期1987年7月17日 102（e）1987年7月17日PCT PCT 1986年11月18日PCT公布。 公开号WO87 / 03157 日期：1987年5月21日。在具有可动线圈（14）和具有高能量含量的SmCo磁体（22）的立体声拾取器中，线圈系统（14,15,18）布置在 所述磁体，磁性软材料的轭板（23）布置在所述系统的前面，以增加线圈中的磁感应。 为了简化和降低机械结构的成本，利用了磁铁的很大的矫顽力，因为磁轭板形成有两个向后延伸的接合并固定在磁体的两个相对侧上的两个腿部26。 由于磁铁的高矫顽力，由这些腿构成的磁体的短路对气隙的感应没有明显的影响。 磁体系统的制造成本进一步降低，代替用于接收用于线圈系统的安装组件（16）的孔，其材料非常硬的磁体在其下侧形成有槽（30）， 在其底部，安装组件通过塑料的壳体构件（32）上的板形突起（31）布置和固定。

    Underwater pipe assembly and method of assembling underwater pipes
    10.
    发明授权
    Underwater pipe assembly and method of assembling underwater pipes 有权

    公开(公告)号：US09915377B2

    公开(公告)日：2018-03-13

    申请号：US15182406

    申请日：2016-06-14

    申请人： Jan Larsen ,  Chen-Shan Kung ,  Yuan-Jui Lu

    发明人： Jan Larsen ,  Chen-Shan Kung ,  Yuan-Jui Lu

    IPC分类号： F16L1/26 ,  F16L23/036 ,  F16L23/032

    CPC分类号： F16L1/26 ,  F16L23/032 ,  F16L23/036

    摘要： An underwater pipe assembly includes a first pipe having a first collar and a first flange, a second pipe having a second collar and a second flange, and a connector apparatus including at least two first clamp seats, at least two first fasteners, at least two second clamp seats, at least two second fasteners. The first clamp seats are interconnected by the first fasteners to surround a junction of the first collar and the first flange. The second clamp seats are interconnected by the second fasteners to surround a junction of the second collar and the second flange. A plurality of connecting fasteners interconnect the first and second clamp seats, thereby clamping the first and second flanges between the first and second clamp seats.