公开(公告)号：US5544204A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-06

申请号：US400132

申请日：1995-03-06

申请人： Jasbir Singh ,  Heiko Barnert

发明人： Jasbir Singh ,  Heiko Barnert

IPC分类号： G21C1/07 ,  G21C7/30 ,  G21C9/02

CPC分类号： G21C7/30 ,  G21C9/02 ,  G21Y2002/207 ,  G21Y2002/50 ,  G21Y2004/302 ,  G21Y2004/402 ,  Y02E30/39

摘要： The reactivity of a neutron chain reaction in a nuclear reactor is automatically reduced upon failure of the coolant flow by a system in which nuclear-fuel particles are suspended against gravitational forces by forces of the coolant flow and are in the reactive zone when so suspended. Upon failure of the coolant flow, the particles settle into a space outside the reactive zone and thus do not contribute to the neutron chain reaction and reactivity is reduced.

摘要翻译： 核反应堆中的中子链反应的反应性在系统失效时自动降低，其中核燃料颗粒通过冷却剂流的力而悬浮在重力作用下，并且在悬浮时处于反应区中。 在冷却剂流动失效时，颗粒沉积在反应性区域之外的空间中，因此对中子链反应没有贡献，反应性降低。

公开(公告)号：US5061435A

公开(公告)日：1991-10-29

申请号：US553088

申请日：1990-07-17

申请人： Jasbir Singh ,  Heiko Barnert ,  Hans Hohn

发明人： Jasbir Singh ,  Heiko Barnert ,  Hans Hohn

IPC分类号： G21C1/07 ,  G21C15/02 ,  G21C15/18

CPC分类号： G21C15/18 ,  G21C15/02 ,  Y02E30/40

摘要： High temperature reactor with residual-heat transfer system comprises a cooling gas intake at the bottom and cooling gas outlet at the top so that a cooling gas can flow from the bottom to the top through the reactor core. In order to assure reliable heat transfer a bypass duct is provided with a lower end communicating with the cooling gas intake and the upper end communicating with the cooling gas outlet. The bypass duct is arranged parallel to the reactor core and passing a partial flow of cooling gas from the bottom to the top. This partial flow of cooling gas heats up only trivially. This partial flow of cooling gas is further cooled by the cooler. The upward flow of the comparatively cold cooling gas in the bypass duct stops and by itself reverses because the cooling gas in the bypass duct is drawn toward the reactor core on account of the natural convection. This natural convection is maintained itself automatically in the reactor core with the required downflow inspite of the raised temperature of the cooling gas.

摘要翻译： 具有残余热传递系统的高温反应器包括底部的冷却气体入口和顶部的冷却气体出口，使得冷却气体可以从底部通过反应堆堆芯流到顶部。 为了确保可靠的热传递，旁路管道设置有与冷却气体入口连通的下端，并且与冷却气体出口连通的上端。 旁路管道平行于反应堆堆芯布置，并将部分冷却气体流从底部传递到顶部。 冷却气体的这种部分流动仅仅是微小的加热。 该冷却气体的这种部分流动被冷却器进一步冷却。 由于旁路管道中的冷却气体由于自然对流而被拉向反应堆堆芯，所以旁路管道中较冷的冷却气体的向上流动停止并且自身反转。 这种自然对流本身自动保持在反应堆堆芯中，并具有冷却气体升高温度所需的下降流动。

公开(公告)号：US3937255A

公开(公告)日：1976-02-10

申请号：US403417

申请日：1973-10-04

申请人： Heiko Barnert

发明人： Heiko Barnert

IPC分类号： B01J3/00 ,  F16J12/00 ,  F16L55/00 ,  G11C13/02 ,  G21C9/00 ,  G21C13/10 ,  F16L9/18 ,  F16L57/00

CPC分类号： G11C13/02 ,  B01J3/002 ,  G21C9/00 ,  F16L2101/30 ,  Y02E30/40

摘要： What follows is a description of a unique arrangement forming safety equipment for installations containing a medium under pressure. The safety equipment includes a wall of the installation whose thickness is reduced in a predetermined region relative to the remaining region of the wall and an element disposed within the installation which extends over and beyond the reduced thickness region of the installation wall. The element is provided with bulges at its ends which define along with the inner surface of the installation wall a reduced flow cross section. This reduced flow cross section is chosen so that the pressure prevailing during normal operation in the space defined by the inner surface of the installation wall and that portion of the element between the bulges is the same as the pressure prevailing in the installation.

摘要翻译： 以下是对包含压力介质的安装的安全设备的独特布置的描述。 安全设备包括一个安装壁，该壁的厚度相对于壁的剩余区域在预定区域中减小，以及设置在安装件内的延伸超过安装壁的厚度减小区域的元件。 元件在其端部设置有凸起，其与安装壁的内表面一起限定了减小的流动横截面。 选择这种减小的流动横截面，使得在由安装壁的内表面限定的空间中的正常操作期间的压力和凸起之间元件的该部分的压力与安装中的压力相同。

公开(公告)号：US4713234A

公开(公告)日：1987-12-15

申请号：US750909

申请日：1985-07-01

申请人： Walter Weirich ,  Heiko Barnert ,  Michael Oertel ,  Rudolf Schulten

发明人： Walter Weirich ,  Heiko Barnert ,  Michael Oertel ,  Rudolf Schulten

IPC分类号： C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C10J3/46 ,  H01M8/06 ,  C01B1/02

CPC分类号： H01M8/0643 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10K1/32 ,  C10K3/00 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/048 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  Y10S48/05

摘要： A process and apparatus for convertion of steam and hydrocarbon, or steam and coal, into a product gas which contains hydrogen. The conversion rate is augmented by effective extraction and removal of hydrogen as and when hydrogen is generated. Within a reaction vessel wherein the conversion takes place, a chamber for collection of hydrogen is formed by the provision of a hydrogen-permeable membrane. The chamber is provided with a hydrogen extraction means and houses a support structure, for example, in the form of a mesh providing structural support to the membrane. The membrane may be of a pleated or corrugated construction, so as to provide an enlarged surface for the membrane to facilitate hydrogen extraction. Also, to further facilitate hydrogen extraction, a hydrogen partial pressure differential is maintained across the membrane, such as, for example, by the counter pressure of an inert gas. A preferred configuration for the apparatus of the invention is a tubular construction which houses generally tubular hydrogen extraction chambers.

摘要翻译： 一种用于将蒸汽和烃或蒸汽和煤转化成含有氢的产物气体的方法和装置。 当产生氢气时，通过有效的萃取和去除氢来增加转化率。 在发生转化的反应容器内，通过提供透氢膜形成用于收集氢的室。 该室设置有氢气提取装置，并且容纳支撑结构，例如以网状形式提供对膜的结构支撑。 膜可以是褶皱或波纹结构，以便为膜提供扩大的表面以促进氢提取。 此外，为了进一步促进氢提取，跨膜的维持氢分压差，例如通过惰性气体的反压。 本发明的装置的优选结构是管状结构，其容纳通常管状的氢气提取室。

公开(公告)号：US4175013A

公开(公告)日：1979-11-20

申请号：US971742

申请日：1978-12-21

申请人： Heiko Barnert ,  Jiri Divisek ,  Wolfgang Faul

发明人： Heiko Barnert ,  Jiri Divisek ,  Wolfgang Faul

IPC分类号： C25B1/02 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01B13/02 ,  C25B1/04 ,  C25B3/00 ,  C25B3/04

CPC分类号： C25B1/04 ,  C25B3/04 ,  Y02E60/366

摘要： A method of generating oxygen and hydrogen from water in which an acidic electrolyte containing formaldehyde is electrolyzed and produces oxygen and a gas which contains a low molecular-weight hydrocarbon. The low molecular-weight hydrocarbon is subjected to a catalytic conversion with water to produce synthesis gas consisting predominantly of hydrogen and carbon monoxide which are reacted to yield methanol. The methanol, in turn, is reacted to produce formaldehyde which is introduced into the electrolysis itself and hydrogen which is recovered.

摘要翻译： 从水中产生氧和氢的方法，其中含有甲醛的酸性电解质被电解并产生氧气，以及含有低分子量烃的气体。 将低分子量烃用水进行催化转化，以产生主要由氢和一氧化碳组成的合成气，其被反应产生甲醇。 反过来，甲醇反应生成导入电解本身的甲醛和被回收的氢。

公开(公告)号：US4164457A

公开(公告)日：1979-08-14

申请号：US917842

申请日：1978-06-22

申请人： Heiko Barnert ,  Mieczyslaw Perec ,  Bernd D. Struck

发明人： Heiko Barnert ,  Mieczyslaw Perec ,  Bernd D. Struck

IPC分类号： C25B1/04 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01B13/02 ,  C25B1/02 ,  C25B1/22 ,  C01B13/00

CPC分类号： C25B1/02 ,  C25B1/22 ,  Y02E60/366

摘要： A method of recovering hydrogen and oxygen from water. Water and sulfur dide are supplied to, and hydrogen and sulfuric acid are removed from, a galvanic or electrolytic cell. Hydrogen ions are electrochemically liberated by anodic oxidation of the supplied sulfur dioxide accompanied by decomposition of the water and formation of sulfuric acid in the anolyte, and hydrogen gas is electrolytically generated at the cathode from the hydrogen ions. To evaporate water, electrolytic solution is removed from the anode chamber of the galvanic cell. The anode chamber is separated from the cathode chamber by means of a membrane. After the ensuing evaporation, the thus formed anhydride of the sulfuric acid is decomposed by being heated, and is accompanied by the formation of oxygen and sulfur dioxide gas. The sulfur dioxide is oxidized at a carbon and/or graphite anode in the presence of very small quantities, e.g. a minimum of 0.005% by weight, of hydriodic acid in the anolyte. The hydriodic acid which is found in that portion of the electrolyte which is removed from the anode chamber is evaporated together with the water. The evaporated water, together with the evaporated hydriodic acid, are again supplied to the anode chamber.

摘要翻译： 从水中回收氢和氧的方法。 供应水和二氧化硫，从电镀或电解池中除去氢和硫酸。 通过所供应的二氧化硫的阳极氧化伴随着水的分解和在阳极电解液中形成硫酸而电化学释放氢离子，并且氢气在阴极从氢离子电解产生。 为了蒸发水，从电池的阳极室去除电解液。 阳极室通过膜与阴极室分离。 在随后的蒸发之后，由此形成的硫酸酐被加热分解，伴随着形成氧气和二氧化硫气体。 二氧化硫在非常少量的存在下在碳和/或石墨阳极氧化，例如， 至少0.005重量％的阳离子中的氢碘酸。 在从阳极室除去的电解质部分中发现的氢碘酸与水一起蒸发。 蒸发的水与蒸发的氢碘酸一起再次供应到阳极室。

公开(公告)号：US4235671A

公开(公告)日：1980-11-25

申请号：US889954

申请日：1978-03-24

申请人： Heiko Barnert ,  Manfred Schafer

发明人： Heiko Barnert ,  Manfred Schafer

IPC分类号： G21C15/02 ,  G21C1/07 ,  G21C1/10 ,  G21D5/06 ,  G21C9/00

CPC分类号： G21C1/07 ,  Y02E30/36

摘要： A nuclear energy installation having at least one gas collecting chamber so divided through the intermediary of separator walls that the gas conduits and/or gas distributors of each cooling gas circuit discharge into an isolated or separate gas chamber which, through one or more pressure-compensating apertures with a collective high flow resistance in comparison with the flow resistance of the remaining gas conduits and gas distributors, is connected with at least one further gas chamber of the same gas collecting chamber whereby the separator walls evidence a stiffness or rigidity enabling them to withstand the pressure differentials which are produced between the gas chambers upon the rupture of a pressure-supporting wall structure or gas conduits.

摘要翻译： 具有至少一个气体收集室的核能装置，其通过分隔壁的中间分隔，每个冷却气体回路的气体导管和/或气体分配器排放到隔离或分离的气室中，该气室通过一个或多个压力补偿 与剩余气体导管和气体分配器的流动阻力相比具有集体高流动阻力的孔与相同气体收集室的至少一个另外的气室连接，由此隔板壁表现出刚度或刚度，使得它们能够承受 在压力支撑壁结构或气体导管断裂时在气室之间产生的压力差。

公开(公告)号：US3995012A

公开(公告)日：1976-11-30

申请号：US537386

申请日：1974-12-30

申请人： Heiko Barnert ,  Rudolf Schulten

发明人： Heiko Barnert ,  Rudolf Schulten

IPC分类号： C01B3/02 ,  C01B3/06 ,  C01B3/10 ,  C01B13/02 ,  C01B17/50 ,  C01B13/00 ,  C01B1/02 ,  C01B1/05 ,  C01B1/08

CPC分类号： C01B13/0207 ,  C01B3/063 ,  C01B3/105 ,  Y02E60/36

摘要： A method of producing hydrogen and oxygen by splitting water in a thermocical cycle, according to which in a first method stage a gas mixture of from 1 to 50 parts by volume of steam and 2 parts by volume of sulfur dioxide is reacted at a temperature within the temperature range of from 200.degree. to 400.degree. C with an oxide of one of the metals manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc or cadmium for forming a metal sulfate and for freeing hydrogen gas. Thereupon the hydrogen gas is in a manner known per se separated from the residual gas mixture and in a second method stage after conversion of the metal oxide to a metal sulfate, the metal sulfate for purposes of decomposition or disintegration and for forming a metal oxide, sulfur dioxide gas and oxygen gas, is heated to a temperature within the temperature range of from 700.degree. to 1000.degree. C. Thereupon the oxygen gas is separated from the sulfur dioxide gas in a manner known per se.

摘要翻译： 一种通过在热化学循环中分解水来产生氢和氧的方法，根据该方法，在第一方法阶段，将1至50体积份蒸汽和2体积份二氧化硫的气体混合物在 温度范围为200-400℃，与金属锰，铁，钴，镍，锌或镉之一的氧化物形成金属硫酸盐并释放氢气。 因此，氢气以本身已知的方式与残留气体混合物分离，并且在将金属氧化物转化为金属硫酸盐之后的第二方法阶段中，金属硫酸盐用于分解或分解和用于形成金属氧化物， 二氧化硫气体和氧气被加热至700℃至1000℃的温度范围内。然后以本身已知的方式将氧气与二氧化硫气体分离。