Method and apparatus for using incompatible types of indexes to process
a single query
    2.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for using incompatible types of indexes to process a single query 有权
    使用不兼容类型的索引来处理单个查询的方法和设备

    公开(公告)号:US6144957A

    公开(公告)日:2000-11-07

    申请号:US311181

    申请日:1999-05-13

    IPC分类号: G06F17/30

    摘要: A method and apparatus for processing a query combines the use of different index types to minimize the rows of data that need to be retrieved from a table. A first index is accessed based on a query to produce a first result having a first format, for example a bitmap index outputting a bitmap. A second index, for example a B-tree index, is also accessed based on the query to produce a second result having a second format, for example a sequence of rowids. The first result is converted to a converted result having the second format, and the converted result and the second result are combined to obtain an end result. The end result can then be used to locate data that satisfies the query while minimizing the rows of data that need to be retrieved from a table during the query processing.

    摘要翻译: 用于处理查询的方法和装置组合使用不同的索引类型以最小化需要从表中检索的数据行。 基于查询来访问第一索引以产生具有第一格式的第一结果,例如输出位图的位图索引。 也可以基于查询来访问第二索引,例如B树索引,以产生具有第二格式的第二结果,例如一系列的rowid。 将第一结果转换为具有第二格式的转换结果,并将转换结果和第二结果组合以获得最终结果。 然后可以使用最终结果来定位满足查询的数据,同时最小化在查询处理期间需要从表中检索的数据行。

    Group by and distinct sort elimination using cost-based optimization
    4.
    发明授权
    Group by and distinct sort elimination using cost-based optimization 失效
    使用基于成本优化的分组排序和排序

    公开(公告)号:US5822748A

    公开(公告)日:1998-10-13

    申请号:US808097

    申请日:1997-02-28

    IPC分类号: G06F17/30

    摘要: Sort plus operations such as "group by" and "distinct" generally require sorting of the retrieved data before performing the sort plus operation. A method and apparatus is disclosed for executing a query specifying a sort plus operation without performing the sorting operation. A cost-based optimizer determines at least one execution path where the data is retrieved from a sorted source and the data is processed to satisfy the query without sorting. Execution costs are determined for the respective execution paths, and the execution path having the lowest overall execution cost is selected to process the query.

    摘要翻译: 分组加操作,例如“分组”和“不同”通常需要在执行排序加运算之前对检索的数据进行排序。 公开了一种用于在不执行排序操作的情况下执行指定排序加操作的查询的方法和装置。 基于成本的优化器确定至少一个执行路径,其中从排序的源检索数据,并且处理数据以满足查询而不进行排序。 对于各个执行路径确定执行成本,并且选择具有最低总执行成本的执行路径来处理该查询。

    Mirrored database upgrade using state machine
    5.
    发明授权
    Mirrored database upgrade using state machine 有权
    使用状态机镜像数据库升级

    公开(公告)号:US08745445B1

    公开(公告)日:2014-06-03

    申请号:US13371342

    申请日:2012-02-10

    IPC分类号: G06F11/00

    摘要: A process for upgrading a mirrored shared-nothing database system comprises a sequence of short well-defined idempotent steps, and at least one non-idempotent step involving transforming a master catalog. The upgrade process is managed and controlled by a state machine that has a persistent memory running on the master node. In the event of a failure or crash during an idempotent step, the process stops the database in the current state and repeats the step. If a failure or crash occurs during a non-idempotent step, the upgrade process is rolled back to the beginning and repeated.

    摘要翻译: 用于升级镜像的无共享数据库系统的过程包括简短明确的幂等级步骤的序列,以及涉及变换主目录的至少一个非幂等级步骤。 升级过程由在主节点上运行持久内存的状态机进行管理和控制。 在幂等级步骤中出现故障或崩溃的情况下,该进程将在当前状态下停止数据库并重复该步骤。 如果在非幂等级步骤中发生故障或崩溃,则升级过程将回滚到最初并重复。

    Systematic verification of database metadata upgrade
    6.
    发明授权
    Systematic verification of database metadata upgrade 有权
    数据库元数据升级的系统验证

    公开(公告)号:US08738569B1

    公开(公告)日:2014-05-27

    申请号:US13371337

    申请日:2012-02-10

    IPC分类号: G06F17/00

    CPC分类号: G06F17/303

    摘要: A script is run on a database to transform the metadata and produce an upgraded database. A new database corresponding to the upgraded database is initialized, and the metadata in the new database catalog is verified by comparing it to the upgraded database metadata. A fast verification is performed on a partial upgrade by dumping the catalogs of master nodes and comparing the results, and a thorough verification is performed on a full upgrade by querying and comparing both master node catalogs and segment node catalogs.

    摘要翻译: 在数据库上运行脚本来转换元数据并生成升级的数据库。 初始化与升级的数据库对应的新数据库,并通过将其与升级的数据库元数据进行比较来验证新数据库目录中的元数据。 通过转储主节点的目录并比较结果,对部分升级进行快速验证,并通过查询和比较主节点目录和分段节点目录,对完全升级执行彻底的验证。

    Apparatus and method for read optimized bulk data storage
    10.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for read optimized bulk data storage 有权
    读取优化大容量数据存储的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号:US08762333B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-06-24

    申请号:US12499697

    申请日:2009-07-08

    IPC分类号: G06F7/00 G06F17/00

    摘要: A computer readable storage medium includes executable instructions to store load data in new rows of an append only table within a data warehouse, without updating or deleting existing rows in the append only table. The new rows are added in a database transaction that guarantees that the distributed reads and writes of all transactions are processed reliably and that the transactions obey snapshot isolation rules. Data changes associated with the load data are maintained in a separate update table. Data from the append only table is merged with data changes from the update table to supply read data.

    摘要翻译: 计算机可读存储介质包括用于将加载数据存储在数据仓库内的附加附表的新行中的可执行指令,而不更新或删除附加表中的现有行。 新行被添加到数据库事务中,以确保所有事务的分布式读取和写入被可靠地处理,并且事务遵守快照隔离规则。 与负载数据相关联的数据更改保留在单独的更新表中。 来自附加表的数据与更新表中的数据更改合并,以提供读取数据。