摘要:
An oxygen sensor for determining the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine. The sensor includes an outer electrode exposed to the exhaust side and a reference electrode exposed to the ambient air. In the sensor, a space adjacent to the reference electrode or surrounding the reference electrode has an adsorbing and/or absorbing agent, which is introduced, for example, in a loose powder packing or a multiple pellet packing. Other versions of the novel oxygen sensor also have an oxygen supplying material, such as, for example, Mn-oxide, Ba-oxide and/or Ce-oxide, to help promote combustion of exhaust gas components/pollutants and any residue chemicals left remaining from the sensor manufacturing process.
摘要:
A passive, high-temperature-resistant resistor element for measuring temperature is provided, the resistor element having an essentially interior insulating layer and two exterior conducting layers of a ceramic composite structure; the conducting layers being connected to one another at the tip of the resistor element; and the ceramic composite structure including trisilicon tetranitride, a metal silicide, and yttrium oxide or trisilicon tetranitride, a metal silicide, and a matrix phase of SixOyCzNw, where x signifies 1–2, y signifies 0–2, and w signifies 0–2. A combination element of this resistor element and a sheathed type glow plug, for example, is also provided.
摘要翻译:提供了用于测量温度的被动耐高温电阻元件,电阻器元件具有基本上内部的绝缘层和两个陶瓷复合结构的外导电层; 所述导电层在所述电阻元件的尖端彼此连接; 以及包含三硅四氮化物,金属硅化物和氧化钇或四氧化三铁,金属硅化物和Si x O O y C y的基质相的陶瓷复合结构体 其中x表示1-2,y表示0-2,w表示0-2。 还提供了该电阻元件和护套型电热塞的组合元件。
摘要:
A sensor for determining a concentration of gas components in gas mixtures having a first measuring electrode (mixed potential electrode) which has little or no catalytic effect on the establishment of an equilibrium in the gas mixture and a second measuring electrode (equilibrium electrode) which catalyzes the establishment of an equilibrium in the gas mixture as well as a solid electrolyte that is conductive for oxygen ions arranged between the two measuring electrodes, with the two measuring electrodes being exposed to the gas mixture. At least the first measuring electrode (16) is a cermet electrode, where at least one metal oxide component of the cermet electrode is capable of reversible incorporation of oxygen.
摘要:
An electrochemical gas sensor determining the concentration of oxidizable gas components which has an electrochemical measuring cell having a measuring electrode and a reference electrode. Measuring electrode is made of a material which is not able, or not completely able to catalyze the establishment of gas equilibrium. In addition to the electrochemical measuring cell, at least one electrochemical pumping cell, having at least one inner pumping electrode, is provided, which, together with measuring electrode, is positioned in a measuring gas compartment. Oxygen is pumped into or out of measuring gas compartment by pumping cell, the partial pressure of oxygen in measuring gas compartment being set to a lambda value of ≧1.3.
摘要:
An electrochemical gas sensor for determining the concentration of gas components in a gas mixture, in particular for determining NOx and HC. The gas sensor includes a first measuring gas space which is connected to the measuring gas, and a second measuring gas space which is connected to the first measuring gas space by a connecting channel. Furthermore, a first electrode and a second electrode, arranged in the first measuring gas space, and at least one third electrode arranged in the second measuring gas space, and at least one fourth electrode are provided. The two measuring gas spaces are arranged in layer planes on top of one another and are separated from one another by at least one oxygen ion conducting layer, the connecting channel passing through the oxygen ion conducting layer.
摘要:
A method for defining the characteristics of metal electrodes of ceramic sensor elements, where the metal electrodes are deposited as layers and subjected to a subsequent annealing process. The aim is to provide a non-destructive, simple and economical method, capable of being automated, for performing an acceptance test in a specimen-specific manner on the sensor element. In the case of the test procedure proposed here, the quantity and distribution of gold deposited so as to be inaccessible in the protective layer, are indirectly determined. This is done by measuring the layer thickness during manufacturing of an electrode, in a before/after comparison, with the aid of an eddy-current measuring process where the electrode is placed in the magnetic circuit of a coil that is traversed by the flow of a high-frequency a.c. current, and the resulting ostensible inductance of the coil is measured using an LCR measuring unit. The coil can be wired as a resonant circuit with the aid of a capacitor.
摘要:
A business object model, which reflects data that is used during a given business transaction, is utilized to generate interfaces. This business object model facilitates commercial transactions by providing consistent interfaces that are suitable for use across industries, across businesses, and across different departments within a business during a business transaction. In some operations, software creates, updates, or otherwise processes information related to a message-based communication arrangement, an organizational center replication request, and a payment schedule business object.
摘要:
A business object model, which reflects data that is used during a given business transaction, is utilized to generate interfaces. This business object model facilitates commercial transactions by providing consistent interfaces that are suitable for use across industries, across businesses, and across different departments within a business during a business transaction. In some operations, software creates, updates, or otherwise processes information related to an employee master data replication request and an employee work calendar business object.
摘要:
A business object model, which reflects data that is used during a given business transaction, is utilized to generate interfaces. This business object model facilitates commercial transactions by providing consistent interfaces that are suitable for use across industries, across businesses, and across different departments within a business during a business transaction. In some operations, software creates, updates, or otherwise processes information related to a message-based communication arrangement, an organisational centre replication request, and a payment schedule business object.
摘要:
Some embodiments provide a system including a database, two or more data access objects, and a proxy object. In some such embodiments, each data access object has exclusive access privileges to a subset of data within the database. Further each object includes one or more of a read method that provides access to data and a write method that causes data to be stored. In such embodiments, the proxy object accesses data via data access object methods and includes a valuate method, the execution of which causes data to be passed from a data access object to the proxy object.