公开(公告)号：US07110363B1

公开(公告)日：2006-09-19

申请号：US10353125

申请日：2003-01-28

Applicant: Jeremy Lawrence ,  Bruce S. Davie ,  David A. Hughes

Inventor： Jeremy Lawrence ,  Bruce S. Davie ,  David A. Hughes

IPC: H04J1/00 ,  H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/66

CPC classification number: H04L12/5601 ,  H04L49/104 ,  H04L2012/5624 ,  H04L2012/5626 ,  H04L2012/5672

Abstract: A method for operating a router which combines virtual channels is disclosed, where both forward and reverse directed resource management cells are used to control transmission rate of a source computer. The merging router receives forward directed resource management cells from a plurality of upstream routers, where each forward directed resource management cell represents a virtual channel. The router: (1) replies to each upstream router with a reverse directed resource management cell; and (2) forwards to a downstream router a combined forward directed resource management cell, the combined forward directed resource management cell combining a plurality of virtual channels established between the router and the plurality of upstream routers.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于操作组合虚拟信道的路由器的方法，其中使用正向和反向定向的资源管理小区来控制源计算机的传输速率。 合并路由器从多个上游路由器接收前向资源管理小区，其中每个前向资源管理小区表示虚拟信道。 路由器：（1）用反向资源管理单元回复每个上游路由器; 并且（2）将组合的前向资源管理小区转发到下游路由器，组合的前向资源管理小区组合在路由器和多个上游路由器之间建立的多个虚拟信道。

公开(公告)号：US20090263685A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-22

申请号：US12440229

申请日：2007-08-03

Applicant: Jeremy Lawrence ,  Stefan Kading ,  Su Zhou ,  Norbert Gunther

Inventor： Jeremy Lawrence ,  Stefan Kading ,  Su Zhou ,  Norbert Gunther

IPC: H01M8/06

CPC classification number: B01J8/0285 ,  B01J8/0278 ,  B01J19/0006 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  B01J2219/00069 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/00186 ,  B01J2219/002 ,  B01J2219/00209 ,  B01J2219/00213 ,  B01J2219/00231 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M2008/1293

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for closed/open loop control of a total lambda value of a reformer (10) comprising at least a combustion zone (12) and an evaporation zone (14) connected to the combustion zone (12). In accordance with the invention for closed/open loop control of the total lambda value, closed loop control of the lambda value of the combustion zone (12) and open loop control of the fuel performance supplied to the evaporation zone (14) is provided.The invention relates furthermore to a system with a reformer (10) comprising at least a combustion zone (12) and an evaporation zone (14) connected to the combustion zone (12) and with a a controller (26) for closed/open loop control of a total lambda value. In accordance with the invention the controller (26) is suitable for closed/open loop control of the total lambda value by closed loop control of the lambda value of the combustion zone (12) and open loop control of the fuel performance supplied to the combustion zone (12) and the evaporation zone (14) each.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于闭合/开环控制重整器（10）的总λ值的方法，该重整器包括至少一燃烧区（12）和连接到燃烧区（12）的蒸发区（14）。 根据本发明，对于总的λ值的闭环/开环控制，提供了燃烧区（12a）的λ值的闭环控制以及供应到蒸发区（14）的燃料性能的开环控制。 本发明还涉及具有重整器（10）的系统，所述重整器（10）至少包括连接到燃烧区（12）的燃烧区（12）和蒸发区（14），以及用于闭环/开环控制的控制器（26） 的总λ值。 根据本发明，控制器（26）适用于通过对燃烧区（12）的λ值的闭环控制和提供给燃烧的燃料性能的开环控制来对总λ值进行闭环/开环控制 区域（12）和蒸发区域（14）。

公开(公告)号：US20090239110A1

公开(公告)日：2009-09-24

申请号：US12302455

申请日：2007-06-12

Applicant: Matthias Boltze ,  Michael Rozumek ,  Stefan Käding ,  Andreas Lindermeir ,  Norbert Günther ,  Jeremy Lawrence ,  Andreas Reinert ,  Marco Mühlner ,  Stefan Kah

Inventor： Matthias Boltze ,  Michael Rozumek ,  Stefan Käding ,  Andreas Lindermeir ,  Norbert Günther ,  Jeremy Lawrence ,  Andreas Reinert ,  Marco Mühlner ,  Stefan Kah

IPC: H01M8/06

CPC classification number: B01J19/24 ,  B01J8/0438 ,  B01J8/0442 ,  B01J2219/0002 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B2203/025 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/148

Abstract: The invention relates to a reformer for a fuel cell system for generating a reformate comprising a plurality of function units for treating the fuel, at least one function unit being adapted to a first type of fuel. In this arrangement the invention is characterized to advantage in that the function unit adapted to the first type of fuel can be releasably coupled to the reformer as a module by means of an interface which is also designed to couple a replacement function unit instead of the function unit adapted to the first type of fuel, the replacement function unit being adapted to a second type of fuel different from the first type of fuel. The invention relates furthermore to a function unit for such a reformer, to a fuel cell system having such a reformer and to a motor vehicle having such a fuel cell system.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于产生重整产品的燃料电池系统的重整器，该重整产品包括用于处理燃料的多个功能单元，至少一个功能单元适于第一类型的燃料。 在这种布置中，本发明的特征在于，适于第一类型的燃料的功能单元可以作为模块通过也被设计成耦合替换功能单元而不是功能的接口而可拆卸地耦合到重整器 所述替换功能单元适于与所述第一类型的燃料不同的第二类型的燃料。 本发明还涉及这种重整器的功能单元，具有这种重整器的燃料电池系统和具有这种燃料电池系统的机动车辆。

公开(公告)号：US07381229B2

公开(公告)日：2008-06-03

申请号：US11006730

申请日：2004-12-08

Applicant: Jeremy Lawrence

Inventor： Jeremy Lawrence

IPC: B01J7/00

CPC classification number: B01J4/002 ,  B01J19/26 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23C2900/03002 ,  F23D91/02

Abstract: A system for reacting fuel and air into reformate, with a reformer (10) which has a reaction space (12), a nozzle (14) which at least in part is formed as a Venturi nozzle for supply of a fuel/air mixture to the reaction space (12), the Venturi nozzle part has a small diameter area (16) from which a diffuser extends to the reaction space. A first gas supply means (20) is provided on the side of the small diameter area which side faces away from the diffuser, and second gas supply means (26, 28) are provide at the small diameter area. A fuel supply (22) is also provided for supplying fuel to the nozzle and it preferably extends along the longitudinal axis of the nozzle.

Abstract translation: 一种用于将燃料和空气反应成重整产物的系统，具有反应空间（12）的重整器（10），至少部分形成为文丘里喷嘴的喷嘴（14），用于将燃料/空气混合物供应到 反应空间（12），文丘里喷嘴部分具有小直径区域（16），漫射器从该空间延伸到反应空间。 第一气体供给装置（20）设置在小直径区域的一侧背离扩散器的一侧，第二气体供给装置（26,28）设置在小直径区域。 燃料供应装置22还用于向喷嘴供应燃料，并且其优选地沿着喷嘴的纵向轴线延伸。

公开(公告)号：US20050120627A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-09

申请号：US11006730

申请日：2004-12-08

Applicant: Jeremy Lawrence

Inventor： Jeremy Lawrence

IPC: B01J19/26 ,  C01B3/50 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23D99/00 ,  B01J8/00

CPC classification number: B01J4/002 ,  B01J19/26 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23C2900/03002 ,  F23D91/02

Abstract: A system for reacting fuel and air into reformate, with a reformer (10) which has a reaction space (12), a nozzle (14) which at least in part is formed as a Venturi nozzle for supply of a fuel/air mixture to the reaction space (12), the Venturi nozzle part has a small diameter area (16) from which a diffuser extends to the reaction space. A first gas supply means (20) is provided on the side of the small diameter area which side faces away from the diffuser, and second gas supply means (26, 28) are provide at the small diameter area. A fuel supply (22) is also provided for supplying fuel to the nozzle and it preferably extends along the longitudinal axis of the nozzle.

Abstract translation: 一种用于将燃料和空气反应成重整产物的系统，具有反应空间（12）的重整器（10），至少部分形成为文丘里喷嘴的喷嘴（14），用于将燃料/空气混合物供应到 反应空间（12），文丘里喷嘴部分具有小直径区域（16），漫射器从该空间延伸到反应空间。 第一气体供给装置（20）设置在小直径区域的一侧背离扩散器的一侧，第二气体供给装置（26,28）设置在小直径区域。 燃料供应装置22还用于向喷嘴供应燃料，并且其优选地沿着喷嘴的纵向轴线延伸。

公开(公告)号：US06430155B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-06

申请号：US09201337

申请日：1998-11-30

Applicant: Bruce Davie ,  Daniel C. Tappan ,  Jeremy Lawrence

Inventor： Bruce Davie ,  Daniel C. Tappan ,  Jeremy Lawrence

IPC: G01R3108

CPC classification number: H04L47/10 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/502

Abstract: An interface (12, 14, or 16) in a service-provider network's transit label-switching router (P2) employs resource-management messages to inform neighbor routers of the bandwidths that it can allocate to various routes that it supports. To allocate its available bandwidth, it employs a weight value set for the route by an ingress router (PE2) in a system to which the label-switching router belongs. The transit router treats the weight as a relative bandwidth: when the sum of the bandwidths requested for various routes exceeds the bandwidth available, the router sets the bandwidths for at least some routes in accordance with the ratio of a given route's weight to the sum of the weights assigned to all routes among which it divides available bandwidth in this manner. That is, it assigns at least some bandwidth to all such routes, regardless of how small the resultant bandwidth may be. In this way, the network can operate with virtually no packet loss and yet remain available to all of its customers.

Abstract translation: 服务供应商网络的交通标签交换路由器（P2）中的接口（12,14或16）使用资源管理消息来向相邻路由器通知其可以分配给其支持的各种路由的带宽。 为了分配其可用带宽，它为标签交换路由器所属的系统中的入口路由器（PE2）采用为路由设置的权重值。 交换路由器将权重视为相对带宽：当各种路由请求的带宽总和超过可用带宽时，路由器根据给定路由权重与总和的比例来设置至少一些路由的带宽 分配给所有路由的权重，其中以这种方式划分可用带宽。 也就是说，它为所有这样的路由分配至少一些带宽，而不管结果带宽可能有多小。 以这种方式，网络可以几乎没有数据包丢失而运行，但仍然可供所有客户使用。

公开(公告)号：US20110311892A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-22

申请号：US12305808

申请日：2007-06-21

Applicant: Jeremy Lawrence ,  Stefan Kading

Inventor： Jeremy Lawrence ,  Stefan Kading

IPC: H01M8/06

CPC classification number: H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/0631

Abstract: The Intention relates to a fuel cell system comprising a reformer with a burner unit for reacting fuel with oxidant in an exothermic oxidation reaction to form a product gas which downstream of the burner unit is mixable with additional fuel, the resulting gas mixture being reformable in the reformer into a reformate; a fuel cell stack for receiving a supply of the reformate; and an afterburner for receiving a supply of the substances reacted in the fuel cell stack, with a burner unit for reacting fuel with oxidant in an exothermic oxidation reaction. In accordance with the invention it is provided for the burner unit of the reformer is engineered identical to the burner unit of the afterburner. In addition, the invention relates to a motor vehicle comprising one such fuel cell system.

Abstract translation: 该意图涉及一种燃料电池系统，其包括具有燃烧器单元的重整器，用于在放热氧化反应中使燃料与氧化剂反应以形成产物气体，其在燃烧器单元的下游与另外的燃料混合，所得气体混合物可在 改革者重组; 用于接收重整产品供应的燃料电池堆; 以及用于接收在燃料电池堆中反应的物质的供应的加力燃烧器，具有用于在放热氧化反应中使燃料与氧化剂反应的燃烧器单元。 根据本发明，提供了重整器的燃烧器单元被设计成与加力燃烧器的燃烧器单元相同。 此外，本发明涉及包括一个这样的燃料电池系统的机动车辆。

公开(公告)号：US07758337B2

公开(公告)日：2010-07-20

申请号：US11577298

申请日：2005-10-11

Applicant: Stefan Kaeding ,  Jeremy Lawrence

Inventor： Stefan Kaeding ,  Jeremy Lawrence

IPC: F23N5/00 ,  F23D3/40

CPC classification number: H01M8/04022 ,  F23C99/006 ,  F23D2204/10 ,  F23G7/065 ,  F23G2202/50 ,  F23N2037/30 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  Y02E20/12

Abstract: A burner device having a burner chamber (26) filled at least partially by a porous body (28), an evaporation zone (12) upstream of the burner chamber (26) for evaporating liquid fuel supplied via a fuel inlet line (16), an igniter (30) for igniting a combustion mixture of evaporated liquid fuel and combustion air supplied via a combustion air inlet line (18) to the evaporation zone (12) as well as an exhaust discharge (38) downstream of the combustion chamber (26). A mixing zone (20) is disposed between the evaporation zone (14) and the combustion chamber (26) in which fuel gas is introduced via a fuel gas inlet line (22, 24) and is mixed with the combustion air and/or the combustion mixture. The burner device can be used as an afterburner in a fuel cell stack.

Abstract translation: 一种燃烧器装置，其具有至少部分地由多孔体（28）填充的燃烧室（26），在燃烧器室（26）上游的蒸发区（12），用于蒸发通过燃料入口管线（16）供应的液体燃料， 用于点燃蒸发的液体燃料和通过燃烧空气入口管线（18）供应到蒸发区域（12）的燃烧空气的燃烧混合物的点火器（30）以及在燃烧室（26）下游的排气（38） ）。 混合区（20）设置在蒸发区（14）和燃烧室（26）之间，燃烧气体通过燃料气体入口管线（22,24）引入燃烧室，并与燃烧空气和/或 燃烧混合物。 燃烧器装置可以用作燃料电池堆中的加力燃烧器。

公开(公告)号：US20090280365A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-12

申请号：US12440220

申请日：2007-07-17

Applicant: Stefan Kading ,  Norbert Gunther ,  Jeremy Lawrence ,  Su Zhou

Inventor： Stefan Kading ,  Norbert Gunther ,  Jeremy Lawrence ,  Su Zhou

IPC: H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/18

CPC classification number: H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/04014 ,  H01M8/04067 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04365 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04798 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/2425 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M2008/1293

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of starting up a fuel cell system comprising a reformer (10) and a fuel cell stack (12), the reformer receiving a supply of fuel (14) and air (16) as the starting materials and the fuel cell stack receiving a supply of reformate (18) generated by the reformer.In accordance with the invention it is provided for that the air ratio characterizing the fuel/air ratio of the starting materials supplied to the reformer (10) is varied as a function of a temperature of the fuel cell stack (12).The invention relates furthermore to a fuel cell system.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种启动包括重整器（10）和燃料电池堆（12）的燃料电池系统的方法，重整器接收燃料供应（14）和空气（16）作为原料和燃料 接收重整器产生的重整产物（18）的电池组。 根据本发明，提供了表征供应给重整器（10）的原料的燃料/空气比的空气比作为燃料电池堆（12）的温度的函数而变化。 本发明还涉及燃料电池系统。

公开(公告)号：US06512744B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-28

申请号：US09344087

申请日：1999-06-25

Applicant: David A. Hughes ,  Bruce S. Davie ,  Jeremy Lawrence

Inventor： David A. Hughes ,  Bruce S. Davie ,  Jeremy Lawrence

IPC: G01R3108

CPC classification number: H04L12/5601 ,  H04L49/104 ,  H04L2012/5624 ,  H04L2012/5626 ,  H04L2012/5672

Abstract: A merging ATM switch forwards to a common downstream ATM switch ATM data cells that it receives from a plurality of upstream ATM switches. The merging ATM switch may have different upstream ATM switches employ different respective virtual-circuit identifiers for those commonly destined data cells, but it uses a common virtual-circuit identifier in forwarding them to the downstream switch. The upstream ATM switches intersperse among the data cells forward-directed resource-management cells bearing the virtual-channel identifiers that those upstream switches use on the commonly destined data cells. The merging ATM switch responds to such forward-directed resource-management cells by sending corresponding forward-directed resource-management cells to the downstream ATM switch and reverse-directed resource-management cells to the upstream ATM switches. The forward-directed resource-management cells sent to the downstream ATM switch bear the common virtual-circuit identifier, whereas the reverse-directed resource-management cells sent to the upstream ATM switches bear the respective virtual-circuit identifiers that those upstream ATM switches placed in the forward-directed resource-management cells. By so doing, the merging switch avoids the ambiguity that resource-management-cell forwarding other-wise entails.

Abstract translation: 合并的ATM交换机转发到从多个上游ATM交换机接收的公共下游ATM交换机ATM数据信元。 合并的ATM交换机可以具有不同的上游ATM交换机，对于那些通常目的地的数据小区而采用不同的相应的虚拟电路标识符，但是它使用公共虚拟电路标识符将其转发到下游交换机。 上游ATM交换机在数据单元之间穿插具有这些上游交换机在通常指定的数据信元上使用的虚拟信道标识符的前向资源管理小区。 合并ATM交换机通过向下游ATM交换机发送相应的前向资源管理小区，并向上游ATM交换机发送反向定向的资源管理小区来响应这种前向资源管理小区。 发送到下游ATM交换机的前向资源管理小区具有公共虚拟电路标识符，而发送给上游ATM交换机的反向资源管理小区承载那些上游ATM交换机放置的各自的虚拟电路标识符 在前向资源管理单元中。 通过这样做，合并开关避免了资源管理 - 单元转发的含义不明确。