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公开(公告)号：US4679041A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-07
申请号：US744496
申请日：1985-06-13
申请人： John L. Fetter , Jerald R. Evans , Serdar Ergene
发明人： John L. Fetter , Jerald R. Evans , Serdar Ergene
CPC分类号： G06T15/405
摘要： The present invention provides apparatus and methods which are most advantageously used in conjunction with a computer display system incorporating the use of a Z-buffer to provide three dimensional hidden surface elimination. A buffer memory is provided which is sufficiently large such that each display element (pixel) on the display is represented by a 16-bit Z value. The Z value corresponds to the Z axis depth of the object at the particular point corresponding to the pixel. The buffer comprises a plurality of dynamic random access memories (D-RAMs) having two operation modes: Normal and Read-Modify-Write (RMW). A counter/pointer register is provided which successively addresses values in the buffer representing successive pixels along scan lines of the display. A graphics processor is provided with coordinates defining a three dimensional image to be displayed and, for each point of the object, computes a current Z.sub.c value beginning at an initial coordinate address in memory. The initial address is loaded into the graphics processor and a D-RAM read-modify write (RMW) cycle is initiated concurrent with the calculation of Z.sub.c. This address corresponds to the address for the point at which the graphics processor is computing Z.sub.c. The value of Z.sub.p, the prior Z value for that address location, is read from the buffer memory and stored in a data-out register. The dynamic RAM in the buffer then waits in the RMW cycle until the processor fetches the Z.sub.p value from the data-out register and compares it to Z.sub.c. The value of Z.sub.p in the buffer is updated if Z.sub.c is less than Z.sub.p. If Z.sub.c is greater than or equal to the Z.sub.p the RMW cycle is aborted, and the current value of Z.sub.p in the buffer is maintained.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了最有利地与结合使用Z缓冲器以提供三维隐藏表面消除的计算机显示系统结合使用的装置和方法。 提供了足够大的缓冲存储器，使得显示器上的每个显示元件（像素）由16位Z值表示。 Z值对应于与像素对应的特定点处的物体的Z轴深度。 缓冲器包括具有两种操作模式的多个动态随机存取存储器（D-RAM）：正常和读 - 修改 - 写入（RMW）。 提供了一个计数器/指针寄存器，其连续地在表示沿显示器的扫描线的连续像素的缓冲器中寻址。 图形处理器被提供有定义要显示的三维图像的坐标，并且对于对象的每个点，计算从存储器中的初始坐标地址开始的当前Zc值。 初始地址被加载到图形处理器中，并且与Zc的计算同时启动D-RAM读 - 修改写（RMW）周期。 该地址对应于图形处理器计算Zc的点的地址。 从缓冲存储器读取该地址位置的先前Z值的Zp值，并将其存储在数据输出寄存器中。 然后缓冲区中的动态RAM等待RMW周期，直到处理器从数据输出寄存器中取出Zp值并将其与Zc进行比较。 如果Zc小于Zp，则更新缓冲区中的Zp值。 如果Zc大于或等于Zp，则中断RMW周期，并保持缓冲区中当前的Zp值。
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2.发明授权Method and apparatus for adaptive forward differencing in the rendering of curves and surfaces 失效在曲线和表面渲染中自适应前向差异的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5125073A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-23
申请号：US433430
申请日：1989-11-08
CPC分类号： G06T11/203 , G09G5/20
摘要： An adaptive forward differencing apparatus wherein, when rendering curves, calculated x, y values are increased or decreased in order to create values which correspond to the next pixel of the display CRT, such that curves of substantially one pixel increments are continuously and uniformly generated. The apparatus also provides circuitry for generating coordinates of display elements which approximate an ideal vector and to define curves, vectors or objects within maximum and minimum coordinates of the CRT display. The present invention also provides efficient circuitry for computing the value of 1/w of the homogenous coordinate w.
摘要翻译： 一种自适应正向差分装置，其中，当渲染曲线时，计算的x，y值被增加或减小，以便产生对应于显示CRT的下一个像素的值，使得基本上一个像素增量的曲线连续且均匀地产生。 该装置还提供用于产生近似理想矢量并且在CRT显示器的最大和最小坐标内定义曲线，矢量或对象的显示元件的坐标的电路。 本发明还提供了用于计算均匀坐标w的1 / w值的有效电路。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4855935A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-08
申请号：US47693
申请日：1987-05-08
CPC分类号： G09G5/20
摘要： An adaptive forward differencing apparatus wherein, when rendering curves, calculated x, y values are increased or decreased in order to create values which correspond to the next pixel of the display CRT, such that curves of substantially one pixel increments are continuously and uniformly generated. The apparatus of the present invention also provides circuitry for generating coordinates of display elements which approximate an ideal vector and to define curves, vectors or objects within maximum and minimum coordinates of the CRT display. The present invention also provides efficient circuitry for computing the value of 1/w of the homogenous coordinate w.
摘要翻译： 一种自适应正向差分装置，其中，当渲染曲线时，计算的x，y值被增加或减小，以便产生对应于显示CRT的下一个像素的值，使得基本上一个像素增量的曲线连续且均匀地产生。 本发明的装置还提供用于产生近似理想矢量并且在CRT显示器的最大和最小坐标内定义曲线，矢量或对象的显示元件的坐标的电路。 本发明还提供了用于计算均匀坐标w的1 / w值的有效电路。
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公开(公告)号：US5101365A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-31
申请号：US610268
申请日：1990-11-07
申请人： Thomas Westberg , Serdar Ergene , Szu-Cheng Sun
发明人： Thomas Westberg , Serdar Ergene , Szu-Cheng Sun
IPC分类号： G09G5/14
CPC分类号： G09G5/14
摘要： A computer system which has a display memory for storing information to be presented on an output display, and a full screen bitmapped window identification memory for storing information regarding window position on an output display, and uses circuitry for comparing incoming information with information stored in the window identification memory to determine whether the incoming information should appear in a particular window of the output display, and also includes a second full screen bitmapped memory normally utilized for storing information indicative of other than window position on an output display and utilizes circuitry for selectively storing information in the second memory regarding window position on the output display when additional windows are required.
摘要翻译： 一种计算机系统，其具有用于存储要呈现在输出显示器上的信息的显示存储器，以及用于在输出显示器上存储关于窗口位置的信息的全屏位图窗口识别存储器，并且使用用于将输入信息与存储在输出显示器中的信息进行比较的电路 窗口识别存储器，用于确定输入信息是否应当出现在输出显示器的特定窗口中，并且还包括通常用于存储指示输出显示器上除了窗口位置以外的信息的第二全屏位图存储器，并利用电路来选择性地存储 当需要附加窗口时，关于输出显示器上的窗口位置的第二存储器中的信息。
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公开(公告)号：US5091717A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-25
申请号：US345955
申请日：1989-05-01
申请人： Susan Carrie , Serdar Ergene , James Gosling
发明人： Susan Carrie , Serdar Ergene , James Gosling
摘要： A computer system comprising a display memory, a window indentification memory, logic circuitry for ascertaining that information to be stored at each position of the display memory is in the correct window by comparing the window number in the window identification memory with the window number of information to be sent to the display memory, and a window identification look-up table activated by window identification signals for providing an output to select the number of bits of color information to be output from the display memory to provide color information for an output device.
摘要翻译： 一种计算机系统，包括显示存储器，窗口识别存储器，逻辑电路，用于通过将窗口识别存储器中的窗口编号与窗口信息信息进行比较来确定要存储在显示存储器的每个位置处的信息在正确的窗口中 被发送到显示存储器，以及由窗口识别信号激活的窗口识别查找表，用于提供输出以选择要从显示存储器输出的颜色信息的位数，以提供用于输出设备的颜色信息。
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6.发明授权Apparatus for rapidly switching between frames to be presented on a computer output display 失效用于在要呈现在计算机输出显示器上的帧之间快速切换的装置
公开(公告)号：US5043923A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-27
申请号：US655226
申请日：1991-02-12
申请人： William Joy , Serdar Ergene , Szu-Cheng Sun
发明人： William Joy , Serdar Ergene , Szu-Cheng Sun
摘要： A computer output system having a first full screen bitmapped memory, a second full screen bitmapped memory, logic circuitry for providing input signals for writing information to be displayed by an output device to each position of the first memory, logic circuitry for storing in the second memory the positions of each position of the first memory to be written to the output device, and logic circuitry for comparing the signal stored at each position of the first memory and the signal stored at the same position of the second memory to determine whether information at the position is to be written to the output device.
摘要翻译： 一种具有第一全屏位图存储器的计算机输出系统，第二全屏位图存储器，用于提供输入信号的逻辑电路，用于将由输出装置显示的信息写入到第一存储器的每个位置，用于存储在第二存储器中的逻辑电路 记录要写入输出设备的第一存储器的每个位置的位置;以及逻辑电路，用于比较存储在第一存储器的每个位置处的信号和存储在第二存储器的相同位置处的信号，以确定是否 该位置将被写入输出设备。
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7.发明授权Apparatus for rapidly switching between output display frames using a shared frame gentification memory 失效用于使用共享帧识别存储器在输出显示帧之间快速切换的装置
公开(公告)号：US5050102A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-17
申请号：US345211
申请日：1989-04-28
申请人： Szu-Cheng Sun , Serdar Ergene
发明人： Szu-Cheng Sun , Serdar Ergene
IPC分类号： G06F3/14 , G06F3/048 , G06F3/153 , G09G5/00 , G09G5/02 , G09G5/36 , G09G5/39 , G09G5/397 , G09G5/399 , H04N5/268
摘要： An apparatus for rapidly switching between output display frames using a shared frame identification memory is disclosed which has particular application to high resolution graphics for animation. Through a plurality of comparison circuitry, the apparatus enables a frame to be displayed during the clock cycles when the frame identification memory is read and during the clock cycles when the frame identification memory is provided with input, thereby, allowing a frame identification memory to be shared by two output display memories. As a result the rapid switching between output display frames sufficient for animation may be achieved with less hardware.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用共享帧识别存储器在输出显示帧之间快速切换的装置，其特别适用于用于动画的高分辨率图形。 通过多个比较电路，当帧识别存储器被读取并且在帧识别存储器被提供有输入的时钟周期期间，该装置使得能够在时钟周期期间显示帧，从而允许帧识别存储器为 由两个输出显示存储器共享。 因此，可以用更少的硬件来实现足够动画的输出显示框架之间的快速切换。
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