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公开(公告)号：US06407484B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-18
申请号：US09676137
申请日：2000-09-29
申请人： John R. Oliver , Ratnakar R. Neurgaonkar , Alex P. Moffatt , Mohsen Khoshnevisan , Jeffrey Glenn Nelson
发明人： John R. Oliver , Ratnakar R. Neurgaonkar , Alex P. Moffatt , Mohsen Khoshnevisan , Jeffrey Glenn Nelson
IPC分类号： H01L4104
CPC分类号： H02N2/18
摘要： A self contained device for harvesting electrical energy from linear and rotary motion has a sensor with amplifiers for tensile stretching of a piezoelectric body with magnification of the applied force. The piezoelectric body is a monolithic plate with surface electrodes covering its top and bottom surfaces.
摘要翻译： 用于从线性和旋转运动收集电能的自包含装置具有带放大器的传感器，用于利用所施加力的放大来拉伸拉伸压电体。 压电体是具有覆盖其顶表面和底表面的表面电极的整体板。
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公开(公告)号：US06320707B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-20
申请号：US09484831
申请日：2000-01-18
IPC分类号： G02B702
CPC分类号： G02B6/4226 , G02B7/005 , G02B7/023 , G02B26/00
摘要： A piezoelectric translator has a flat ribbon geometry and a large translation length perpendicular to the surface of the bridge. The translator includes a platform supporting the optic or micro-optic element and a slender piezo actuation system for displacing the platform. A position sensing system provides feedback to the actuation system regarding displacement of the platform. The actuation system includes a plurality of bridge actuators wherein each actuator includes a flat piezoelectric ribbon and leaf spring cap bonded to the ribbon, in single- or double-sided geometry. A stacked bridge geometry is also provided and allows increased displacement for a given applied voltage. Two collinearly placed single span bridge actuators or two-span bridge actuators can be used to provide linear translations with micro-rotation control.
摘要翻译： 压电转换器具有平坦的带状几何形状和垂直于桥的表面的大的平移长度。 翻译器包括支撑光学元件或微光学元件的平台和用于移动平台的细长的压电致动系统。 位置传感系统向致动系统提供关于平台位移的反馈。 致动系统包括多个桥式致动器，其中每个致动器包括以单面或双面几何形状结合到带上的扁平压电带和板簧帽。 还提供堆叠桥几何形状，并允许给定施加电压增加位移。 两个共线放置的单跨桥式执行器或两跨桥式执行器可用于提供具有微旋转控制的线性平移。
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公开(公告)号：US5438231A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-01
申请号：US110524
申请日：1993-08-23
IPC分类号： G01C19/5621 , H03H9/50 , H01L41/08
CPC分类号： H03H9/21 , G01C19/5621
摘要： A method to fabricate a tuning fork resonator gyro which uses non-piezoelectric substrate structure is proposed. The tuning fork structure can be effectively rendered piezoelectric for activation and sensing by thin film deposition of a piezoelectric material. Electrical excitation of the piezo film excites vibrations in the structure of the drive tuning fork, and the gyro signal generated due to rotation can be picked up from the piezo film on the signal tuning fork. Most piezoelectric films have a much higher piezoelectric coupling than crystalline quartz, the material used in the prior art. The piezoelectric films on mechanically hard non-piezoelectric substrates are simpler for fabrication, electroding, and have a number of other advantages over the prior art. Fabrication of the tuning fork structures can be done more simply than the prior art, and deposition of the piezo films can be accomplished by sol-gel, or other thin film techniques. The proposed methods thus provide considerable flexibility to separately optimize the resonator structure in terms of the physical and mechanical properties of the structure, the required piezoelectric properties, and methods for fabrication, processing and low cost manufacturing of resonator gyros.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种制造使用非压电衬底结构的音叉谐振器陀螺仪的方法。 音叉结构可以通过压电材料的薄膜沉积而被有效地压制成用于激活和感测。 压电膜的电激发激发驱动音叉结构中的振动，并且可以从信号音叉上的压电膜拾取由于旋转而产生的陀螺仪信号。 大多数压电膜具有比结晶石英（现有技术中使用的材料）高得多的压电耦合。 机械硬非压电基片上的压电膜比制造，电镀更简单，并且具有优于现有技术的许多其它优点。 音叉结构的制作可以比现有技术更简单，并且压电薄膜的沉积可以通过溶胶 - 凝胶或其它薄膜技术来实现。 因此，所提出的方法提供了相当大的灵活性，以便在结构的物理和机械性质，所需的压电特性以及谐振器陀螺仪的制造，处理和低成本制造的方法方面分别优化谐振器结构。
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公开(公告)号：US07850740B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-14
申请号：US12062227
申请日：2008-04-03
CPC分类号： A61F2/2814 , A61F2/30749 , A61F2/78 , A61F2/80 , A61F2002/30024 , A61F2002/30079 , A61F2002/30433 , A61F2002/5056 , A61F2002/6863 , A61F2002/704 , A61F2002/705 , A61F2002/7625 , A61F2002/7635 , A61F2002/7665 , A61F2002/768 , A61F2002/7818 , A61F2002/785 , A61F2002/7887 , A61F2210/009 , A61F2220/0041 , A61F2250/0021
摘要： Provided is a prosthesis system for indirectly coupling a prosthesis to the skeletal structure of a person. The system includes a plurality of individual magnets and magnet sets attached to a prosthetic socket of a prosthetic device. The magnets may be permanent magnets or electromagnets. A second plurality of magnets is embedded within a residual limb of a person, mounted to or within a sub-dermal strut. In operation, the magnetic fields generated by the magnets of the prosthetic socket, which may be dynamic magnetic fields, interact with the magnetic fields generated by the magnets anchored beneath the skin of the person, to hold the prosthetic device in position during use. A power supply provides current to any electromagnets, and a controller alters any required magnetic fields based on input received from both load and position sensors in the sub-dermal strut.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于将假体间接地联接到人的骨骼结构的假体系统。 该系统包括附接到假体装置的假体插座的多个单个磁体和磁体组。 磁体可以是永磁体或电磁体。 第二组多个磁体被嵌入在人的残肢中，安装在子皮支架内或内皮支柱内。 在操作中，由可能是动态磁场的假肢插座的磁体产生的磁场与由锚定在人的皮肤下面的磁体产生的磁场相互作用，以在使用期间将假体装置保持在适当位置。 电源向任何电磁铁提供电流，并且控制器基于从次级支架中的负载和位置传感器接收的输入来改变任何所需的磁场。
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公开(公告)号：US5396368A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US718966
申请日：1985-01-14
摘要： A flexible rejection filter removes coherent radiation from an incoming beam of light. The filter includes a beamsplitter for dividing the transmitted portion into first and second beams. A photorefractive crystal in the paths of the first and second beams couples coherent radiation from the first beam to the second beam. A focal plane detector follows the crystal in the path of the first beam for sensing the incoherent radiation in the first beam, while a beam dump follows the crystal in the path of the second beam for absorbing the coherent radiation of the second beam. Other filter configurations can utilize contradirectional energy coupling or resonator structures in conjunction with photorefractive media.
摘要翻译： 柔性剔除滤波器从入射光束去除相干辐射。 滤波器包括用于将传输部分分成第一和第二波束的分束器。 第一和第二光束的路径中的光折射晶体将来自第一光束的相干辐射耦合到第二光束。 焦平面检测器跟随第一光束的路径中的晶体，用于感测第一光束中的非相干辐射，而光束转移跟随第二光束的路径中的晶体，用于吸收第二光束的相干辐射。 其他滤波器配置可以与光折射介质结合使用反向能量耦合或谐振器结构。
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公开(公告)号：US4640618A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-03
申请号：US548585
申请日：1983-11-03
申请人： John M. Tracy , Pochi A. Yeh , Mohsen Khoshnevisan
发明人： John M. Tracy , Pochi A. Yeh , Mohsen Khoshnevisan
CPC分类号： G01P3/50 , G01C21/16 , G02F1/3538
摘要： A relative position sensor is suitable for inertial navigation situations in which deviations from a predetermined position schedule are detected. A standing wave is established between a pair of opposed phase conjugate reflectors in a resonating cavity, and relative movement between the standing wave and the cavity is sensed. Since the standing wave continues to travel at its initial velocity regardless of deviations from that velocity by the resonator, deviations in the position of the resonator relative to its projected position based on the initial velocity can be measured. In a preferred embodiment, four-wave mixers are used as the phase conjugate reflectors, the phase conjugate medium within the mixers is made coextensive with the wave propagation medium between the mixers, and relative movement is sensed by monitoring the intensity of the standing wave at at least one location which is fixed relative to the resonator.
摘要翻译： 相对位置传感器适用于检测到与预定位置调度的偏差的惯性导航情况。 在谐振腔中的一对相对共轭反射器之间建立驻波，并且感测驻波和腔之间的相对运动。 由于驻波以其初始速度继续行进，无论谐振器是否与该速度偏离，可以测量谐振器相对于其投影位置的位置的偏差，基于初始速度。 在优选实施例中，使用四波混频器作为相位共轭反射器，混频器内的相位共轭介质与混频器之间的波传播介质共同延伸，并且通过监测驻波的强度来感测相对运动 至少一个相对于谐振器固定的位置。
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7.发明授权Method and apparatus for optically powering and multiplexing distributed fiber optic sensors 有权分布式光纤传感器光学供电和复用的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US07356209B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-08
申请号：US11779999
申请日：2007-07-19
CPC分类号： H04B10/806
摘要： An optical power converting apparatus is provided that may be used with remote sensors. A plurality of remote sensors may be coupled to a backbone optical fiber with each sensor having an optical power converter that receives an optical signal from a head end of that fiber. The optical power converters may store electrical energy derived from that optical signal and use that energy to power the remote sensors. The head end's optical signal may also include a clock signal, and each remote sensor may be set to sense a measurable parameter after a given number of clock cycles have been counted. In a further example, each of the optical sensors may be synchronized before counting these clock signals via a synchronization signal from the optical power converter. The remote sensors may individually and separately uplink their sensed data to the head end on the optical fiber. The apparatus may be implemented in a vehicle health management system, for example.
摘要翻译： 提供了可以与远程传感器一起使用的光功率转换装置。 多个远程传感器可以耦合到主干光纤，每个传感器具有从该光纤的头端接收光信号的光功率转换器。 光功率转换器可以存储从该光信号导出的电能并使用该能量来为远程传感器供电。 头端的光学信号还可以包括时钟信号，并且每个远程传感器可以被设置为在给定数量的时钟周期被计数之后感测可测量的参数。 在另一示例中，每个光学传感器可以在经由来自光功率转换器的同步信号对这些时钟信号进行计数之前同步。 远程传感器可以将其感测数据单独地和单独上行到光纤上的头端。 该装置可以例如在车辆健康管理系统中实现。
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公开(公告)号：US5451776A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-19
申请号：US169474
申请日：1993-12-17
CPC分类号： G01D5/3473 , G01D5/2497
摘要： An interferometrically readable optical encoder for sensing linear position includes an optical medium movable in a linear direction and having a data storage layer, a plurality of uniformly sized sectors being defined in the layer. A linear absolute track is defined in the layer parallel to the linear direction and a plurality of absolute marks is formed in the layer in sequence along the absolute track within each sector, each such absolute mark being detectable by interferometric reflection of coherent light as representative of a binary 1 or a binary 0 and each such plurality of absolute marks defining a binary word. A linear incremental track is defined in the layer parallel to the linear direction with a series of incremental marks formed in the layer and evenly spaced along the first incremental track, each such incremental mark being detectable by interferometric reflection of coherent light. The binary word in a sector is read to identify the position of that sector in the linear direction and indicate the approximate position of the medium. The incremental marks refine the approximate position indication to provide a more precise position of the medium.
摘要翻译： 用于感测线性位置的干涉式可读光学编码器包括可沿线性方向移动并具有数据存储层的光学介质，在该层中限定多个均匀尺寸的扇区。 在平行于线性方向的层中定义线性绝对轨道，并且沿着每个扇区内的绝对轨迹顺序地在层中形成多个绝对标记，每个这样的绝对标记可以通过相干光的干涉反射来代表 二进制1或二进制0，并且每个这样的多个绝对标记定义二进制字。 在平行于线性方向的层中定义线性增量轨迹，并在层中形成一系列增量标记，并沿着第一增量轨迹均匀间隔，每个这样的增量标记可通过相干光的干涉反射检测。 读取扇区中的二进制字以识别该扇区在线性方向上的位置，并指示介质的大致位置。 增量标记改善了近似位置指示，以提供更精确的介质位置。
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公开(公告)号：US5336884A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-09
申请号：US907412
申请日：1992-07-01
申请人： Mohsen Khoshnevisan , Jeffrey S. Schoenwald , Jonathan P. Rode , Raymond J. D. Smith , Bruce G. Kolloff , Steve Beccue
发明人： Mohsen Khoshnevisan , Jeffrey S. Schoenwald , Jonathan P. Rode , Raymond J. D. Smith , Bruce G. Kolloff , Steve Beccue
CPC分类号： G01D5/3473 , G01D5/2497
摘要： An optical encoder for sensing angular position includes a rotatable optical medium having a major surface and an axis of rotation perpendicular to the surface, with a plurality of uniformly sized angular sectors defined on the surface. An annular absolute track is defined on the surface concentric with the axis, a plurality of digital bits being formed on the surface in sequence along the absolute track within each sector. Each such bit is optically readable as a binary 1 or a binary 0, with each plurality of bits defining a binary word. A first series of optically detectable incremental marks are evenly spaced around a first incremental track on the surface. The binary word in a sector is optically read to identify the angular position of that sector and indicate the approximate angular position of the medium, while the first series of incremental marks can be optically detected to refine the approximate angular position indication. A source of light illuminates the surface along a fixed radius from the axis, while a digital track detector senses the illumination reflected from the absolute bits and a first incremental track detector senses the illumination reflected from the incremental marks. Signal processing and decoding means convert the output of the absolute track detector into a binary word and interpolate the precise angular position of the medium from the output of the first incremental track detector. An input absolute track optical fiber is connected between a absolute track optical coupler and proximate the surface of the medium, while a first input incremental track optical fiber is connected between a first incremental track optical coupler and proximate the surface. Output absolute track and first incremental track optical fibers are connected between the couplers and the track detectors for conveying reflected light from the tracks to the detectors.
摘要翻译： 用于感测角位置的光学编码器包括具有垂直于表面的主表面和旋转轴线的可旋转光学介质，其具有限定在表面上的多个均匀尺寸的角扇区。 在与轴同心的表面上限定环形绝对轨迹，沿着每个扇区内的绝对轨迹顺序地在表面上形成多个数字位。 每个这样的位是光学可读的，作为二进制1或二进制0，每个多个位定义二进制字。 第一系列可光学检测的增量标记围绕表面上的第一增量轨迹均匀间隔开。 扇区中的二进制字被光学读取以识别该扇区的角位置并且指示介质的近似角位置，而可以光学检测第一系列增量标记以改进近似角位置指示。 光源沿着轴的固定半径照亮表面，而数字轨道检测器感测从绝对位反射的照明，第一增量轨迹检测器感测从增量标记反射的照明。 信号处理和解码装置将绝对磁道检测器的输出转换为二进制字，并从第一增量磁道检测器的输出插入介质的精确角位置。 输入绝对轨迹光纤连接在绝对轨道光耦合器和介质表面附近，而第一输入增量轨道光纤连接在第一增量轨道光耦合器和靠近表面之间。 输出绝对轨道和第一增量轨道光纤连接在耦合器和轨道检测器之间，用于将来自轨道的反射光传送到检测器。
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公开(公告)号：US4973154A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-27
申请号：US344177
申请日：1989-04-27
IPC分类号： G01S17/89
CPC分类号： G01S17/89
摘要： A three-dimensional object is imaged by providing a coherent beam of light with a periodic variation in frequency and dividing the beam into a probe beam and a pump beam. The probe beam is directed toward the object, such that the frequency profile of the probe beam after reflection from the object is determined by the depth profile of the object. The pump beam and the reflected probe beam are directed into a nonlinear medium, such that two-wave mixing between the beams occurs in the medium, the two-wave mixing process causing the frequency profile of the probe beam to be converted to an intensity profile. The method may be further refined by adjusting the optical path length of the pump beam in order to adjust the accuracy range of the depth profile which is imaged. In addition, the reflected intensity profile of the object can be obtained from the reflected probe beam prior to the mixing of the probe beam and the pump beam and subtracted from the converted intensity profile to correct the converted intensity profile for variations in the surface reflectivity of the object. A nonlinear optical ranging imager for imaging a three-dimensional object includes a source of coherent light with a periodic variation in frequency and a beam splitter for dividing the source into a pump beam and a probe beam directed at the object, such that a frequency profile of the probe beam after reflection from the object is determined by the depth profile of the object. A nonlinear optical medium receives the reflected probe beam and the pump beam, such that two-wave mixing between the two beams occurs within the medium, the two-wave mixing process causing the frequency profile of the probe beam to be converted to an intensity profile.
摘要翻译： 通过提供具有周期性频率变化的相干光束并将光束分成探针光束和泵浦光束来对三维物体进行成像。 探针光束朝向物体，使得探测光束在从物体反射之后的频率分布由物体的深度分布确定。 泵浦光束和反射的探测光束被引导到非线性介质中，使得光束中的两波混合发生在介质中，双波混频过程将探测光束的频率分布转换为强度分布 。 为了调整被成像的深度分布的精度范围，可以通过调整泵浦光束的光程长度来进一步改善该方法。 另外，物体的反射强度分布可以在探测光束和泵浦光束混合之前从反射的探测光束获得，并从转换的强度分布中减去，以校正转换后的强度分布，用于表面反射率的变化 物体。 用于对三维物体进行成像的非线性光学测距成像器包括频率周期性变化的相干光源和用于将源分割成泵浦光束的分束器和指向物体的探测光束，使得频率分布 从物体反射后的探测光束由对象的深度分布确定。 非线性光学介质接收反射的探测光束和泵浦光束，使得两个光束之间的两波混合发生在介质内，双波混频过程将探测光束的频率分布转换为强度分布 。
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