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1.发明授权Programmed overcurrent protection control apparatus and method of operating the same 失效编程过电流保护控制装置及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US4722059A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-26
申请号：US725195
申请日：1985-04-19
申请人： Joseph C. Engel , Leonard C. Vercellotti , Richard A. Johnson , Seymour Salowe , William R. Verbanets, Jr.
发明人： Joseph C. Engel , Leonard C. Vercellotti , Richard A. Johnson , Seymour Salowe , William R. Verbanets, Jr.
CPC分类号： H02H3/0935
摘要： Programmed overcurrent protection control apparatus with selectable time-overcurrent operation to govern the interruption of current through at least one power line associated with either a ground phase or a power phase of a power system network is disclosed. A programmed processor is included to derive an overcurrent time-to-trip in accordance with sampled measurement current values of the power line and selected derivation constants stored in a memory look-up table. The derivation constants are selected from the look-up table based on derivation parameters which may be set and read by the programmed processor from time to time. The programmed processor utilizes the selected derivation constants to derive the time-to-trip over a number of predetermined time intervals during which the overcurrent condition persists. An alternate overcurrent time-to-trip relationship utilizing different derivation parameters selected from the look-up table may be utilized for the conditions in which overcurrent exists in an initial predetermined range. In some situations, both of the derivation relationships may be used concurrently to derive the overcurrent time-to-trip.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种编程过电流保护控制装置，其具有可选择的时间过流操作，以控制通过与电力系统网络的接地相或电力相关联的至少一个电力线的电流中断。 包括编程处理器以根据存储在存储器查找表中的电力线的采样测量电流值和选择的导出常数导出过电流时间跳闸。 基于可由编程的处理器不时地设置和读取的导出参数，从查找表中选择推导常数。 编程的处理器利用所选择的导出常数来导致在过电流状态持续的多个预定时间间隔内的跳闸时间。 使用从查找表中选择的不同推导参数的替代的过电流时间到跳闸关系可用于在初始预定范围内存在过电流的条件。 在某些情况下，两个推导关系可以同时使用以导出过电流跳闸。
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公开(公告)号：US4912522A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-27
申请号：US232982
申请日：1988-08-17
IPC分类号： H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/807
摘要： A light driven remote system and power supply therefor that includes a laser diode that provides pulses of light to a fiber optic cable. The pulses of light are detected by a remote photodiode that is connected in parallel with a step-up transformer. The output of the step-up transformer is filtered to provide power for a remote system. Data transmission from the remote system is synchronized with transmission of light to the photodiode.
摘要翻译： 一种光驱遥控系统及其电源，包括向光纤电缆提供脉冲光的激光二极管。 光脉冲由与升压变压器并联连接的远程光电二极管检测。 过滤升压变压器的输出，为远程系统提供电源。 来自远程系统的数据传输与光传输到光电二极管同步。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4646319A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-24
申请号：US706079
申请日：1985-02-27
CPC分类号： H04L12/403 , H04B3/56 , H04L12/40 , H04B2203/5416 , H04B2203/5425 , H04B2203/5483 , H04B2203/5487 , H04B2203/5491
摘要： A bidirectional coupling circuit is provided for carrier based communication and control networks in which a coupling transformer is employed having relatively decoupled primary and secondary windings which are each tuned to the carrier frequency. Separate secondary windings are wound on the same core leg, one of these secondary windings being employed as a transmitter winding which is referenced to a positive supply voltage and the other winding being employed as a receiver winding which is referenced to ground. The coupling transformer is arranged to have a relatively high input impedance at the carrier frequency but due to series resonant effects has a relatively low impedance for undesired signals on either side of the carrier frequency. An operational amplifier is connected to the receiver winding to provide high gain amplification for a signal received from the common network power line without loading the other windings of the transformer. A transistor or FET is connected in series with the transmitter secondary winding to a positive voltage supply so that a relatively high amplitude transmitter signal is produced on the common power line.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于基于载波的通信和控制网络的双向耦合电路，其中使用耦合变压器，其具有相对去耦的初级和次级绕组，每个绕组被调谐到载波频率。 单独的次级绕组缠绕在相同的芯柱上，这些次级绕组中的一个被用作以正电源电压为基准的发射器绕组，而另一绕组被用作参考地的接收器绕组。 耦合变压器布置成在载波频率处具有相对高的输入阻抗，但是由于串联谐振效应对于载波频率的任一侧上的不期望信号具有相对较低的阻抗。 一个运算放大器连接到接收器绕组，为从公共网络电力线接收的信号提供高增益放大，而不需要加载变压器的其他绕组。 将晶体管或FET与发射机次级绕组串联连接到正电压源，使得在公共电力线上产生相对高幅度的发送器信号。
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4.发明授权Background light intensity compensation circuit for a line scan camera system 失效用于线扫描摄像机系统的背景光强补偿电路
公开(公告)号：US4243876A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-06
申请号：US60511
申请日：1979-07-25
CPC分类号： G06K7/10851
摘要： In a line scan camera system employed to extract information from marks or characters on a document, a memory circuit is used to store the average white and black video output from the camera so that a given white-to-black transition can be compared to adaptive white and black references to compensate for variations in document background light intensity and vignetting associated with the lens of the line scan camera system.
摘要翻译： 在用于从文档上的标记或字符提取信息的行扫描照相机系统中，使用存储器电路来存储来自相机的平均白和黑视频输出，使得给定的白 - 黑转换可以与自适应 白色和黑色参考，以补偿与扫描相机系统的镜头相关的文档背景光强度和渐晕的变化。
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5.发明授权Electrical switches with current protection interfaced with a remote station and a portable local unit 失效具有电流保护的电气开关与远程站和便携式本地单元接口
公开(公告)号：US5596473A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-21
申请号：US384728
申请日：1995-02-06
申请人： Richard A. Johnson , Joseph C. Engel , Michael F. Boccabella , David M. Oravetz , James I. Wise
发明人： Richard A. Johnson , Joseph C. Engel , Michael F. Boccabella , David M. Oravetz , James I. Wise
CPC分类号： H02H3/044 , H02H3/006 , H02H3/0935
摘要： An electrical switch with overcurrent protection communicates as a slave with a remote master station by sending return messages to the remote master station only in response to messages addressed to it. A portable unit plugs into the electrical switch and disables communications between the electrical switch and the remote master station. The portable unit then establishes communications with the electrical switch by sending a global message to the electrical switch requesting the unique address at successive baud rates until a return message containing the electrical switches' address is received. A communications module in the electrical switch transfers to a master mode in response to the global message in order to send the return message containing its unique address. It then reverts to the slave mode for response to subsequent messages from the portable unit containing the unique address. Either the remote master station or the portable unit can test the circuit breaker by sending a message containing a digital test current to the circuit breaker.
摘要翻译： 具有过电流保护功能的电气开关只能通过向远程主站发送返回消息，作为远程主站的从站，仅响应于寻址到远程主站的消息。 便携式设备插入电气开关并禁用电气开关和远程主站之间的通信。 然后，便携式单元通过向电气开关发送全局消息来建立与电气开关的通信，以电连接波特率请求唯一地址，直到接收到包含电开关地址的返回消息。 电气开关中的通信模块响应于全局消息传送到主模式，以便发送包含其唯一地址的返回消息。 然后，它恢复到从模式，以响应来自包含唯一地址的便携式单元的后续消息。 远程主站或便携式单元都可以通过向断路器发送包含数字测试电流的消息来测试断路器。
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6.发明授权Apparatus providing protection and metering in an ac electrical system utilizing a multi-function sampling technique 失效利用多功能采样技术在交流电气系统中提供保护和测量的装置
公开(公告)号：US5627718A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-06
申请号：US342208
申请日：1994-11-18
IPC分类号： G06F3/05 , G01R19/25 , G01R21/133 , H02H1/00 , H02H3/00 , H02H3/05 , H02H3/093 , H02H3/44 , H02H3/18
CPC分类号： G01R21/133 , H02H3/0935 , H02H1/0007
摘要： A circuit interrupter samples waveforms in a protected circuit by taking samples in pairs spaced 90 electrical degrees apart. The sum of the squares of samples in each pair, which is representative of the RMS value of the fundamental frequency of the waveform, is used for instantaneous protection by comparing a running sum of the squares for the two most recent pairs of samples to a threshold representative of the instantaneous trip pick-up value. This sum of the squares of successive two pairs of samples is also used for short delay protection. A delay between successive pairs of samples is varied to produce a selected equivalent sampling rate after a given number of samples. Samples accumulated at this equivalent sampling rate, which is sixty-four samples per cycle in the preferred embodiment, are used for long delay protection and metering.
摘要翻译： 电路中断器通过将成对间隔成90°电角的对象采样在受保护电路中采样波形。 通过将两个最近的两个采样对的运动的平方和进行比较，将代表波形的基频的RMS值的每对样本的平方和的总和用于瞬时保护 代表瞬时提升值。 连续两对样本的平方和也用于短延时保护。 在连续的样本对之间的延迟被改变以在给定数量的样本之后产生所选择的等效采样率。 在优选实施例中以每个循环64次采样的等效采样率累积的样本被用于长延迟保护和计量。
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7.发明授权Circuit interrupter providing protection and waveform capture for harmonic analysis 失效电路断路器为谐波分析提供保护和波形捕获
公开(公告)号：US5600527A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-04
申请号：US363193
申请日：1994-12-22
IPC分类号： G01R23/20 , G01R21/133 , H02H1/00 , H02H3/04 , H02H3/093 , H02H3/10 , H02H3/50 , H02H3/52 , H02H3/00
CPC分类号： G01R21/133 , H02H3/0935 , H02H1/0007 , H02H3/04 , H02H3/50
摘要： A circuit breaker with a digital trip unit has a protection mode and a waveform capture mode of operation. In the protection mode, an equivalent sampling technique based upon pairs of samples spaced 90 electrical degrees apart with a pattern of delays between pairs is used to digitize the waveforms in the protected electrical system. Synchronous sampling is used in the waveform capture mode. The value of each sample is monitored in the waveform capture mode and a transfer is made back to the protection mode if a threshold value indicating an overcurrent condition is exceeded. The percentage total harmonic distortion, and per harmonic distortion for harmonics, up to and including the 27th are sequentially presented on a display on the front panel of the circuit breaker and can be transmitted along with the raw waveform data to a remote processor.
摘要翻译： 具有数字跳闸单元的断路器具有保护模式和波形捕捉操作模式。 在保护模式中，使用基于成对的样本的等效采样技术，其间隔90度电角度与成对之间的延迟模式间的数字化，以保护电气系统中的波形。 在波形捕捉模式下使用同步采样。 如果超过表示过电流条件的阈值，则以波形捕获模式监视每个采样的值，并将转移回保护模式。 直到并包括第27次谐波的总谐波失真和谐波失真百分比顺序呈现在断路器的前面板上的显示器上，并且可以与原始波形数据一起传输到远程处理器。
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8.发明授权Digitally controlled circuit interrupter with improved automatic selection of sampling interval for 50 Hz and 60 Hz power systems 失效数字控制电路断路器，可以自动选择50 Hz和60 Hz电源系统的采样间隔
公开(公告)号：US5559719A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-24
申请号：US249829
申请日：1994-05-26
摘要： A circuit interrupter with a digital trip unit automatically sets the sampling interval appropriate for the 50 Hz or 60 Hz distribution system to which the interrupter is connected. In order to avoid falsely shifting the interval in response to distorted currents, the trip unit only changes the interval if the number of zero crossings of the current within a fixed number of samples is within two zero crossings of the number of zero crossings for an undistorted current of the other frequency for two consecutive time periods in which the fixed number of samples are taken. Furthermore, changes in the interval are only written into an EEPROM for use on power-up a fixed number of times to preclude disabling the EEPROM. In one embodiment, a 2 pole filter is utilized in the zero crossing counting circuit to eliminate false counts from noise originating in a chopper used in the trip unit power supply. In another embodiment, the zero crossing counting circuit is disabled unless external dc power is available for the trip unit which idles the chopper.
摘要翻译： 具有数字跳闸单元的电路断路器自动设置适用于与断路器连接的50Hz或60Hz分配系统的采样间隔。 为了避免响应于失真电流而错误地移动间隔，如果在固定数量的采样内的电流的零交叉的数量在未失真的零交叉数的两个零交叉之内，则跳闸单元仅改变间隔 采用固定数量样本的两个连续时间段的另一个频率的电流。 此外，间隔的变化只写入一个EEPROM，用于上电固定次数以排除禁用EEPROM。 在一个实施例中，在过零计数电路中使用2极滤波器以消除来自在跳闸单元电源中使用的斩波器的噪声的错误计数。 在另一个实施例中，过零计数电路被禁用，除非外部直流电可用于空转斩波器的跳闸单元。
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9.发明授权Arc fault circuit interrupter and method of parallel and series arc fault detection 有权电弧故障电路断路器及并联和串联故障检测方法公开(公告)号：US07558033B2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-07
申请号：US11679281
申请日：2007-02-27
申请人： Xin Zhou , John J. Shea , Joseph C. Engel , Kevin L. Parker , Theodore J. Miller
发明人： Xin Zhou , John J. Shea , Joseph C. Engel , Kevin L. Parker , Theodore J. Miller
CPC分类号： H02H1/0015
摘要： An arc fault circuit interrupter includes separable contacts, a neutral conductor, an operating mechanism structured to open and close the separable contacts, at least one current sensor structured to sense current flowing through the separable contacts and output a sensed current value; and a processor. The processor includes a first routine structured to provide parallel arc fault detection, a second routine structured to provide series arc fault detection, and a third routine structured to enable the first routine and disable the second routine for a predetermined time when the sensed current value is greater than a predetermined value and to enable the second routine and disable the first routine for the predetermined time when the sensed current value is less than the predetermined value.
摘要翻译： 电弧故障电路断路器包括可分离触点，中性导体，构造成打开和闭合可分离触点的操作机构，至少一个电流传感器，其构造成感测流过可分离触点的电流并输出感测的电流值; 和处理器。 该处理器包括构造成提供并联电弧故障检测的第一例程，构造成提供串联电弧故障检测的第二例程，以及第三例程，其构造成使得第一程序能够在预定时间内启用第二例程，当检测到的电流值为 大于预定值，并且当感测到的当前值小于预定值时，启用第二程序并禁用第一例程达预定时间。
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公开(公告)号：US07253640B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-07
申请号：US10341483
申请日：2003-01-13
申请人： Joseph C. Engel , Engelbert Hetzmannseder , Kevin L. Parker , Peter J. Theisen , Joseph C. Zuercher
发明人： Joseph C. Engel , Engelbert Hetzmannseder , Kevin L. Parker , Peter J. Theisen , Joseph C. Zuercher
CPC分类号： H02H3/042 , H02H1/0015
摘要： A circuit breaker for locating an arc fault for a protected circuit includes separable contacts interrupting the protected circuit and an arc fault detector determining an arc fault in the protected circuit. An analog to digital converter circuit measures a value of peak arc current at the arc fault detector. Another analog to digital converter circuit provides a peak line-to-neutral voltage. A memory provides an arc voltage operatively associated with the value of peak current. A microprocessor determines a distance from the arc fault detector to the arc fault from the value of peak arc current, a wire resistance per unit length or a wire conductance per unit length, the peak line-to-neutral voltage and the arc voltage.
摘要翻译： 用于定位受保护电路的电弧故障的断路器包括中断受保护电路的可分离触点和确定受保护电路中的电弧故障的电弧故障检测器。 模数转换器电路测量电弧故障检测器的峰值电弧电流值。 另一个模/数转换器电路提供峰值线对中性电压。 存储器提供与峰值电流的值可操作地相关联的电弧电压。 微处理器根据峰值电弧电流的值，每单位长度的导线电阻或每单位长度的导线电导率，峰值线对中性电压和电弧电压来确定从电弧故障检测器到电弧故障的距离。
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