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公开(公告)号：US5522865A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-04
申请号：US322068
申请日：1994-10-12
CPC分类号： A61N1/36032 , A61N1/36185 , A61N1/37252 , H04R25/505 , H04R2460/03
摘要： A tissue stimulating system includes an external transmitter for transmitting a data signal to an implanted stimulator. The implanted stimulator includes a processor for generating stimulation signals for application to a plurality of tissue stimulating electrodes through respective isolated output channels. The implanted stimulator also includes a power supply that extracts a raw power signal from the data signal. A voltage downconverter generates at least four separate voltages from the extracted raw power signal by alternately connecting at least four capacitors in series across the raw power signal, thereby providing at least four output voltages, and then connecting the capacitors in parallel to transfer the charge stored thereon to a storage capacitor, which serves as the power source for portions of the stimulator. A selected one of the output voltages from the voltage downconverter is applied to an isolated refresh voltage capacitor in each output channel, where it controls a voltage controlled current source. The processor selectively monitors the electrodes and/or voltages generated in the stimulator and generates status indicating/measurement signals for transmission to the external transmitter. The external processor receives and processes the status indicating/measurement signals and uses the information therefrom to control the amount of power transmitted to the stimulator.
摘要翻译： 组织刺激系统包括用于将数据信号发送到植入的刺激器的外部发射器。 植入的刺激器包括用于通过相应的隔离输出通道产生刺激信号以用于多个组织刺激电极的处理器。 植入的刺激器还包括从数据信号中提取原始功率信号的电源。 电压下变频器通过在原始功率信号上交替地连接串联的至少四个电容器，从而提供至少四个输出电压，然后并联连接电容器以转移所存储的电荷，从而从提取的原始功率信号产生至少四个分离的电压 在其上用作用于刺激器的部分的电源的存储电容器。 来自电压下变频器的选择的一个输出电压被施加到每个输出通道中的隔离的刷新电压电容器，其中它控制电压控制的电流源。 处理器选择性地监视在刺激器中产生的电极和/或电压，并产生用于传输到外部发射器的状态指示/测量信号。 外部处理器接收并处理状态指示/测量信号，并使用其信息来控制发送到刺激器的功率量。
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公开(公告)号：US5776172A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-07
申请号：US450041
申请日：1995-05-25
CPC分类号： A61N1/36032 , A61N1/36185 , A61N1/37252 , H04R25/505 , H04R2460/03
摘要： An implantable cochlear stimulator (ICS) has eight output stages (212), each having a current source (212B) connected to a pair of electrodes, designated "A" and "B", through respective output coupling capacitors and an electrode switching matrix (212C). An indifferent electrode is connected to each output stage by way of an indifferent electrode switch (212D). The current source generates a precise stimulation current as a function of an analog control voltage. The analog control voltage, in turn, is generated by a logarithmic D/A converter. The D/A converter serially converts data words, received in a data frame from an external source, to respective analog control voltages that are applied sequentially to the current sources of each output stage. An output mode register (208) controls the switching matrix of each stage, as well as the indifferent electrode switch, to configure the electrodes for a desired stimulation configuration, e.g., bipolar stimulation (current flow between the pair of electrodes of the output stage), or monopolar stimulation (current flow between one of the electrodes of the output stage and the indifferent electrode). The voltage at the "A" and "B" electrode of each output stage may be selectively telemetered to the wearable system, as may the current flow through the indifferent electrode, thereby facilitating a measurement of the electrode impedance. The "A" and "B" electrodes of each output stage may be selectively shorted through a high or low resistance in order to discharge the output coupling capacitors.
摘要翻译： 植入式耳蜗刺激器（ICS）具有八个输出级（212），每个输出级通过相应的输出耦合电容和电极开关矩阵（212）连接到一对电极（A“和”B“）上， 212C）。 无电极通过无关电极开关（212D）连接到每个输出级。 电流源产生精确的刺激电流作为模拟控制电压的函数。 模拟控制电压又由对数D / A转换器产生。 D / A转换器将数据帧中从外部源接收的数据字串行地转换为顺序施加到每个输出级的当前源的相应模拟控制电压。 输出模式寄存器（208）控制每个级的开关矩阵以及无关电极开关，以将电极配置为期望的刺激配置，例如双极刺激（输出级的一对电极之间的电流） ，或单极刺激（电流在输出级的电极和无关电极之间）。 每个输出级的“A”和“B”电极处的电压可以选择性地遥测到可穿戴系统，电流可以通过无关电极，从而便于电极阻抗的测量。 每个输出级的“A”和“B”电极可以通过高电阻或低电阻选择性短路，以便放电输出耦合电容器。
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公开(公告)号：US5569307A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-29
申请号：US322066
申请日：1994-10-12
CPC分类号： A61N1/36032 , A61N1/36185 , A61N1/37252 , H04R25/505 , H04R2460/03
摘要： An external wearable processor (WP) of a cochlear stimulating system transmits a data signal to an implanted cochlear stimulator (ICS). The ICS is controlled through the data signal so that cochlear stimulation is provided by the ICS only after a determination is made that the WP is in proper signal contact therewith, and that the ICS is functioning properly. The ICS extracts a raw power signal from the data signal and generates different operating voltages from the extracted raw power signal. A detector generates a power bad signal whenever one of the operating voltages is less than a reference voltage. The ICS also detects and generates a carrier detect signal when the data signal is being received. Clock signals are generated within the ICS, and a phase locked loop (PLL) lock signal is generated when the clock signals are phase locked to the data signal. ICS circuitry further checks the parity of the incoming data signal and generates a parity alarm signal whenever a parity error is detected. A back telemetry carrier signal is transmitted from the ICS only when a prescribed combination of the carrier detect, PLL lock, power bad, and parity alarm signals exist. The back telemetry carrier signal, when received at the WP, is used as a handshake signal to signal the WP that the ICS is in proper signal communication with the WP, and that operation of the ICS can proceed.
摘要翻译： 耳蜗刺激系统的外部可穿戴处理器（WP）将数据信号传输到植入式耳蜗刺激器（ICS）。 通过数据信号控制ICS，使得只有在确定WP与其正确的信号接触之后，ICS才提供耳蜗刺激，并且ICS正常工作。 ICS从数据信号中提取原始功率信号，并从提取的原始功率信号中产生不同的工作电压。 每当工作电压之一小于参考电压时，检测器产生电力不良信号。 当接收到数据信号时，ICS还检测并产生载波检测信号。 在ICS内产生时钟信号，并且当时钟信号被锁相到数据信号时，产生锁相环（PLL）锁定信号。 ICS电路进一步检查输入数据信号的奇偶性，并且每当检测到奇偶校验错误时产生奇偶校验报警信号。 只有当载波检测，PLL锁定，电源不良和奇偶校验警报信号存在规定的组合时，才从ICS发送后向遥测载波信号。 背面遥测载波信号在WP接收时被用作握手信号，以向WP通知ICS与WP进行适当的信号通信，并且ICS的操作可以进行。
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公开(公告)号：US5938691A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-17
申请号：US103264
申请日：1998-06-23
CPC分类号： A61N1/3787 , A61N1/36032 , H04R25/505 , A61N1/37252 , H04R2460/03
摘要： A cochlea stimulation system includes a patient wearable system comprising an externally wearable signal processor (WP) and a headpiece in electronic communication with an implanted cochlear stimulator (ICS). The ICS comprises eight output stages each having two electrically isolated capacitor-coupled electrodes, designated "A" and "B", circuits for monitoring the voltages on these electrodes, and circuits for both transmitting status information to and receiving control information from the WP. Based upon information received from the WP, a processor within the ICS can control both the frequency and the widths of the output stimulation pulses applied to the electrodes and may select which electrodes to monitor. The ICS receives power and data signals telemetrically through the skin from the WP. To save power, the ICS may be "powered down" by the WP based upon the absence of audio information or "powered up" if audio is present. The WP communicates with the headpiece over a co-axial cable using one frequency for transmitting signals and a second different frequency for receiving signals.
摘要翻译： 耳蜗刺激系统包括患者穿戴式系统，其包括外部穿戴式信号处理器（WP）和与植入式耳蜗刺激器（ICS）电子通信的头盔。 ICS包括八个输出级，每个输出级具有两个电隔离的电容器耦合电极，标号为“A”和“B”，用于监视这些电极上的电压的电路，以及用于向WP发送状态信息和从WP接收控制信息的电路。 基于从WP接收的信息，ICS内的处理器可以控制施加到电极的输出刺激脉冲的频率和宽度，并且可以选择要监测哪些电极。 ICS通过WP的皮肤遥测地接收电力和数据信号。 为了节省电力，ICS可以基于没有音频信息或者如果存在音频“加电”，则由WP“掉电”。 WP通过同轴电缆与头戴式耳机通信使用一个频率传输信号和第二个不同的频率用于接收信号。
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5.发明授权Multichannel implantable cochlear stimulator having programmable bipolar, monopolar or multipolar electrode configurations 失效具有可编程双极，单极或多极电极配置的多通道植入式耳蜗刺激器
公开(公告)号：US5531774A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-02
申请号：US322065
申请日：1994-10-12
CPC分类号： A61N1/36032 , A61N1/36185 , A61N1/37252 , H04R25/505 , H04R2460/03
摘要： An implantable cochlear stimulator (ICS) has eight output stages (212), each having a programmable current source (212B) connected to a pair of electrodes, designated "A" and "B", through respective output coupling capacitors and an electrode switching matrix (212C). An indifferent electrode is connected to each output stage by way of an indifferent electrode switch (212D). An output mode register (208) controls the switching matrix of each stage, as well as the indifferent electrode switch, to configure the electrodes for: (1) bipolar stimulation (current flow between the pair of electrodes of the output stage), (2) monopolar A stimulation (current flow between the "A" electrode of the output stage and the indifferent electrode), (3) monopolar B stimulation (current flow between the "B" electrode of the output stage and the indifferent electrode), or (4) multipolar stimulation (current flow between the "A" or "B" electrode of one output stage and the "A" or "B" electrode of another output stage). The mode register is set by way of a command word, transmitted to the ICS from an external wearable system (10) as part of a data frame. The voltage at the "A" and "B" electrode of each output stage may be selectively telemetered to the wearable system, as may the current flow through the indifferent electrode, thereby facilitating a measurement of the electrode impedance. The "A" and "B" electrodes of each output stage may be selectively shorted through a high or low resistance in order to discharge the output coupling capacitors.
摘要翻译： 可植入人工耳蜗刺激器（ICS）具有八个输出级（212），每个输出级通过相应的输出耦合电容器和电极开关矩阵连接到一对电极（A“和”B“）上，每个具有可编程电流源（212B） （212℃）。 无电极通过无关电极开关（212D）连接到每个输出级。 输出模式寄存器（208）控制每个级的开关矩阵以及无关电极开关，以配置电极：（1）双极刺激（输出级的一对电极之间的电流），（2 ）单极A刺激（输出级“A”电极与无关电极之间的电流），（3）单极B刺激（输出级“B”电极与无关电极之间的电流）或（ 4）多极刺激（一个输出级的“A”或“B”电极与另一个输出级的“A”或“B”电极之间的电流）。 模式寄存器通过命令字设置，作为数据帧的一部分从外部可穿戴系统（10）发送到ICS。 每个输出级的“A”和“B”电极处的电压可以选择性地遥测到可穿戴系统，电流可以通过无关电极，从而便于电极阻抗的测量。 每个输出级的“A”和“B”电极可以通过高电阻或低电阻选择性短路，以便放电输出耦合电容器。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5603726A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-18
申请号：US23584
申请日：1993-02-26
CPC分类号： A61N1/37252 , A61N1/36032 , A61N1/36185 , H04R25/505 , H04R2225/67 , H04R2460/03
摘要： A tissue stimulating system including an external transmitter for transmitting data to an implanted stimulator including a processor for generating stimulation signals for application to a plurality of tissue stimulating electrodes. The processor selectively monitors the electrodes and/or voltages generated in the stimulator and generates stimulator status indicating signals for transmission to the external transmitter. The external processor receives and processes such status indicating signals.
摘要翻译： 一种组织刺激系统，包括用于向包括用于产生用于施加到多个组织刺激电极的刺激信号的处理器的植入刺激器传送数据的外部发射器。 处理器选择性地监视在刺激器中产生的电极和/或电压，并产生指示用于传输到外部发射器的信号的刺激器状态。 外部处理器接收并处理这种状态指示信号。
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7.发明授权Physician's testing system and method for testing implantable cochlear stimulator 失效医师的测试系统和测试植入式耳蜗刺激器的方法
公开(公告)号：US5609616A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-11
申请号：US447157
申请日：1995-05-25
CPC分类号： A61N1/37252 , A61N1/36032 , A61N1/36185 , H04R25/505 , H04R2225/67 , H04R2460/03
摘要： A physician's tester provides for physician monitoring and control of an implantable human tissue stimulator system, such as an implantable cochlear stimulator (ICS) system. During normal operation, the tissue stimulator system includes an implantable stimulator and a wearable processor (WP). The physician's tester is designed around a microprocessor, and is basically a modification of the WP. The tester provides control over the selection of voltages and currents to be measured and the presetting of parameters in the implantable stimulator during testing of the implanted stimulator and/or a patient's response to data transmitted by the WP/tester to the implanted stimulator. The physician's testor is portable and utilizes telemetry coupling with the implanted stimulator to provide communication between the tester and stimulator for the monitoring, control and measurement of the stimulator parameters. The tester resides in a portable housing having a control panel and a visual display. The control panel allows the physician to manually set various parameter levels. The visual display provides alpha numeric data for viewing. Various devices, such as additional displays and/or a printer, may be coupled to the tester through a display port and/or an infrared serial output port in order to permit a print out of the displayed data or other information.
摘要翻译： 医生的测试者提供医生监视和控制植入式人体组织刺激器系统，例如植入式耳蜗刺激器（ICS）系统。 在正常操作期间，组织刺激器系统包括可植入刺激器和可穿戴式处理器（WP）。 医师的测试仪是围绕微处理器设计的，基本上是WP的修改。 在测试植入的刺激器期间和/或患者对由WP /测试仪发送到植入的刺激器的数据的响应中，测试器提供对待测量的电压和电流的选择的控制以及可植入刺激器中的参数的预设。 医师的验证者是便携式的，并且利用与植入的刺激器的遥测耦合来提供测试器和刺激器之间的通信，用于监测，控制和测量刺激器参数。 测试仪位于具有控制面板和视觉显示器的便携式外壳中。 控制面板允许医师手动设置各种参数级别。 视觉显示提供用于查看的字母数字数据。 诸如附加显示器和/或打印机的各种装置可以通过显示端口和/或红外串行输出端口耦合到测试器，以便允许打印出所显示的数据或其他信息。
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公开(公告)号：US5193539A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-16
申请号：US812136
申请日：1991-12-18
IPC分类号： A61N1/372
CPC分类号： A61N1/372 , A61N1/37205 , H01L2224/45147 , H01L2224/48091 , H01L2224/49109
摘要： An addressable, implantable microstimulator is substantially encapsulated within a hermetically-sealed housing inert to body fluids, and of a size and shape capable of implantation in a living body, by expulsion through a hypodermic needle. Power and information for operating the microstimulator is received through a modulated, alternating magnetic field in which a coil is adapted to function as the secondary winding of a transformer. Electrical energy is stored in capacitor means and is released into the living body by controlled, stimulating pulses which pass through body fluids and tissue between the exposed electrodes of the microstimulator. Detection and decoding means within the microstimulator are provided for controlling the stimulating pulses in accordance with the modulation of the received, alternating magnetic field. Means for controllably recharging the capacitor is provided.
摘要翻译： 可寻址的可植入微型刺激器基本上封装在对体液惰性的气密密封的壳体中，并且能够通过皮下注射针排出而能够植入生物体中的尺寸和形状。 用于操作微型激励器的功率和信息通过调制的交变磁场接收，其中线圈适于用作变压器的次级绕组。 电能存储在电容器装置中，并通过受微刺激器暴露的电极之间通过体液和组织的受控刺激脉冲释放到生物体内。 提供了微型激励器内的检测和解码装置，用于根据所接收的交变磁场的调制来控制刺激脉冲。 提供了用于可控地对电容器充电的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5405367A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-11
申请号：US25994
申请日：1993-03-03
CPC分类号： A61N1/3787 , A61N1/37205
摘要： An implantable microstimulator has a structure which is manufactured to be substantially encapsulated within a hermetically-sealed housing inert to body fluids, and of a size and shape capable of implantation in a living body. The internal structure of the microstimulator comprises a coil adapted to function as the secondary winding of a transformer and receive power and control information. Circuit means, including control electronics, a capacitor and electrodes are provided. The electrodes, which may be made one of iridium and the other of tantalum and placed on opposite ends of the microstimulator, or alternatively, an iridium electrode at each end of the microstimulator, are at least partially exposed and provide electrical, stimulating pulses to the body.
摘要翻译： 可植入微型刺激器具有被制造为基本上封装在对体液惰性的气密密封的壳体中，以及能够植入生物体中的尺寸和形状的结构。 微型激励器的内部结构包括适于作为变压器的次级绕组起作用并接收功率和控制信息的线圈。 提供包括控制电子器件，电容器和电极的电路装置。 可以制成铱和另一个钽并且放置在微型激励器的相对端上的电极，或者替代地，在微型激励器的每端的铱电极至少部分地暴露，并提供电刺激脉冲 身体。
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公开(公告)号：US5324316A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-28
申请号：US025889
申请日：1993-03-03
CPC分类号： A61N1/372 , A61N1/37205 , H01L2224/45147 , H01L2224/48091 , H01L2224/49109
摘要： An addressable, implantable microstimulator is substantially encapsulated within a hermetically-sealed housing inert to body fluids, and of a size and shape capable of implantation in a living body, by expulsion through a hypodermic needle. Power and information for operating the microstimulator is received through a modulated, alternating magnetic field in which a coil is adapted to function as the secondary winding of a transformer. Electrical energy is stored in capacitor means and is released into the living body by controlled, stimulating pulses which pass through body fluids and tissue between the exposed electrodes of the microstimulator. Detection and decoding means within the microstimulator are provided for controlling the stimulating pulses in accordance with the modulation of the received, alternating magnetic field. Means for controllably recharging the capacitor is provided.
摘要翻译： 可寻址的可植入微型刺激器基本上封装在对体液惰性的气密密封的壳体中，并且能够通过皮下注射针排出而能够植入生物体中的尺寸和形状。 用于操作微型激励器的功率和信息通过调制的交变磁场接收，其中线圈适于用作变压器的次级绕组。 电能存储在电容器装置中，并通过受微刺激器暴露的电极之间通过体液和组织的受控刺激脉冲释放到生物体内。 提供了微型激励器内的检测和解码装置，用于根据所接收的交变磁场的调制来控制刺激脉冲。 提供了用于可控地对电容器充电的装置。
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