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    Removal of elemental mercury by photoionization
    3.
    发明授权
    Removal of elemental mercury by photoionization 失效
    通过光电离去除元素汞

    公开(公告)号：US06663690B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-12-16

    申请号：US10252124

    申请日：2002-09-23

    申请人： Joseph L. Katz

    发明人： Joseph L. Katz

    IPC分类号： B03C3014

    CPC分类号： B03C3/00 ,  B01D53/007 ,  B01D2257/602 ,  B03C3/016 ,  B03C3/16

    摘要： Elemental mercury is removed from emissions of coal-fired utilities by the selective photoionization of mercury atoms using ultraviolet light, followed by electrostatic precipitation of the mercury ions. Mercury is first exposed to light of a wavelength which boosts the mercury to an excited state. Then mercury is ionized using light of a different wavelength. The ionized mercury atoms are exposed to supersaturated water vapor to produce charged droplets which are precipitated, such that the exhaust effluent is substantially devoid of mercury or the mercury level is substantially reduced.

    摘要翻译： 通过使用紫外光对汞原子的选择性光电离，随后汞离子的静电沉淀，元素汞被排除在燃煤电厂的排放之外。 水银首先暴露于将汞水平升高到激发态的波长的光。 然后使用不同波长的光离子化汞。 电离汞原子暴露于过饱和水蒸汽，产生沉淀的带电液滴，使排气流出物基本上不含汞或汞含量大大降低。

    Photoinduced nucleation: a novel tool for detecting molecules in air at ultra-low concentrations
    4.
    发明授权
    Photoinduced nucleation: a novel tool for detecting molecules in air at ultra-low concentrations 失效
    光诱导成核：用于在超低浓度下检测空气中的分子的新型工具

    公开(公告)号：US06469781B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-10-22

    申请号：US09629468

    申请日：2000-08-01

    申请人： Joseph L. Katz ,  Heikki Lihavainen ,  Markus M. Rudek ,  Brian C. Salter

    发明人： Joseph L. Katz ,  Heikki Lihavainen ,  Markus M. Rudek ,  Brian C. Salter

    IPC分类号： G01N100

    CPC分类号： G01N21/53 ,  G01N15/065 ,  G01N21/33 ,  G01N33/0016 ,  G01N2001/2893

    摘要： A method and apparatus for determining the presence of molecules in a gas at concentrations of less than about 100 ppb. Light having wavelengths in the range from about 200 nm to about 350 nm is used to illuminate a flowing sample of the gas causing the molecules if present to form clusters. A mixture of the illuminated gas and a vapor is cooled until the vapor is supersaturated so that there is a small rate of homogeneous nucleation. The supersaturated vapor condenses on the clusters thus causing the clusters to grow to a size sufficient to be counted by light scattering and then the clusters are counted.

    摘要翻译： 用于确定浓度小于约100ppb的气体中分子存在的方法和装置。 使用波长在约200nm至约350nm范围内的光来照射导致分子的气体的流动样品（如果存在）以形成簇。 将照射的气体和蒸气的混合物冷却直到蒸气过饱和，使得存在小的均匀成核速率。 过饱和蒸气在簇上冷凝，从而使簇生长至足以通过光散射计数的尺寸，然后对簇进行计数。

    Survivable local area network
    5.
    发明授权
    Survivable local area network 失效
    可行的局域网

    公开(公告)号：US4575842A

    公开(公告)日：1986-03-11

    申请号：US610148

    申请日：1984-05-14

    申请人： Joseph L. Katz ,  Edward C. Grund ,  Richard P. Cope ,  Alvin L. Glick

    发明人： Joseph L. Katz ,  Edward C. Grund ,  Richard P. Cope ,  Alvin L. Glick

    IPC分类号： H04L12/40 ,  H04Q9/00

    CPC分类号： H04L12/4625 ,  H04L12/40039 ,  H04L12/40169 ,  Y02B60/32

    摘要： Enhanced availability and survivability of communications between geographically remote locations with a minimum of redundancy of transmission facilities and media is provided by a survivable bus network capable of providing continued interprocessor or other communications in the event of multiple bus outages. It consists of multiple busses, bus isolation device (BIDs) and two types of network interface processors (NIPs). The BIDs electrically isolate bus segments on either side of a connection so that if a fault occurs only the segment containing the fault will be affected. The first type of NIP connects to one bus and performs the usual function of providing an electrical and software interface between the network and one or more subscriber processors. The second type is a bridge which performs these same functions but connects to two busses and has the capability to transfer traffic as it appears on either bus to the other. The network provides increased survivability in the event of failed segments but does not entail the expense of a fully redundant system.

    摘要翻译： 通过可靠的总线网络提供地理位置偏远地区之间通信的可用性和生存能力，并能够在多个总线中断的情况下提供持续的处理器或其他通信。 它由多个总线，总线隔离设备（BID）和两种类型的网络接口处理器（NIP）组成。 BID电气隔离连接两侧的总线段，因此如果仅发生故障，则包含故障的段将受到影响。 第一类型的NIP连接到一个总线，并且执行在网络和一个或多个用户处理器之间提供电和软件接口的通常功能。 第二种类型是执行这些相同功能但连接到两个总线的桥，并且具有将任何总线上出现的流量传输到另一总线的能力。 网络在分段故障的情况下提供了更高的生存能力，但并不意味着完全冗余系统的费用。