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    Hierarchical materials
    4.
    发明授权
    Hierarchical materials 失效
    层次材料

    公开(公告)号：US06974619B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-12-13

    申请号：US10747724

    申请日：2003-12-26

    申请人： Mohan Manoharan ,  William Paul Minnear ,  Reza Sarrafi-Nour ,  Krishan Lal Luthra

    发明人： Mohan Manoharan ,  William Paul Minnear ,  Reza Sarrafi-Nour ,  Krishan Lal Luthra

    IPC分类号： C04B37/00 ,  C22C47/00 ,  F01D5/28 ,  B32B5/00

    CPC分类号： C04B37/005 ,  C04B2237/062 ,  C04B2237/064 ,  C04B2237/068 ,  C04B2237/08 ,  C04B2237/083 ,  C22C47/00 ,  F01D5/284 ,  Y02T50/67 ,  Y02T50/672 ,  Y10T428/12493 ,  Y10T428/12583 ,  Y10T428/24 ,  Y10T428/249953 ,  Y10T428/31598 ,  Y10T428/31678

    摘要： A material and an article comprising the material are presented. The material comprises a plurality of structural components. The structural components are configured in a series of increasing structural component size classes. The series has a base unit size class and at least one modular size class, and a component of the at least one modular size class comprises a plurality of components of the next smaller size class in the series. The structural components of the base unit size class comprise at least one bulk phase, and the structural components are bonded together at interfaces. Mechanical damage originating within a modular size class structural component is energetically favored to propagate in a distributed fashion among the plurality of structural components contained within the modular size class structural component.

    摘要翻译： 介绍了一种材料和包含该材料的物品。 该材料包括多个结构部件。 结构部件配置成一系列增加的结构部件尺寸等级。 该系列具有基本单元尺寸等级和至少一个模块尺寸类别，并且至少一个模块尺寸类别的组件包括该系列中的下一个较小尺寸类别的多个组件。 基本单元尺寸等级的结构部件包括至少一个体相，并且结构部件在界面处结合在一起。 源于模块化尺寸级结构部件的机械损伤在能量上有利于以分布的方式在包含在模块尺寸级结构部件中的多个结构部件之间传播。

    FUEL CELL INTERCONNECT STRUCTURES, AND RELATED DEVICES AND PROCESSES
    7.
    发明申请
    FUEL CELL INTERCONNECT STRUCTURES, AND RELATED DEVICES AND PROCESSES 审中-公开
    燃料电池互连结构及相关设备和工艺

    公开(公告)号：US20090317705A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-12-24

    申请号：US12143188

    申请日：2008-06-20

    申请人： Matthew Joseph Alinger ,  Frederic Joseph Klug ,  James Anthony Ruud ,  Stephane Renou ,  Reza Sarrafi-Nour

    发明人： Matthew Joseph Alinger ,  Frederic Joseph Klug ,  James Anthony Ruud ,  Stephane Renou ,  Reza Sarrafi-Nour

    IPC分类号： H01M2/20 ,  H01M2/00 ,  H01M4/50 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M8/10

    CPC分类号： H01M8/021 ,  H01M8/0228 ,  H01M2008/1293

    摘要： A method for the formation of a diffusion barrier layer on a surface of at least one fuel cell interconnect structure is described. The interconnect structure is usually formed from ferritic stainless steel, and includes chromium. The method includes the step of coating an austenite phase-stabilizer on the interconnect surface, and then heating the coated surface. The heat treatment transforms the microstructure of the surface region of the interconnect, from a substantially ferritic body-centered cubic (BCC) phase to a substantially austenitic face-centered cubic (FCC) phase. The diffusion rate of chromium through the FCC phase is relatively low. Thus, the formation of a thick layer of chromium oxide can be minimized, leading to better fuel cell performance. Related fuel cells and fuel cell stacks are also disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 描述了在至少一个燃料电池互连结构的表面上形成扩散阻挡层的方法。 互连结构通常由铁素体不锈钢形成，并且包括铬。 该方法包括在互连表面上涂覆奥氏体相稳定剂，然后加热涂覆表面的步骤。 热处理将互连表面区域的微观结构从基本上是铁素体体心立方（BCC）相变换为基本上奥氏体的面心立方（FCC）相。 铬通过FCC相的扩散速率相对较低。 因此，可以最小化形成厚的氧化铬层，从而导致更好的燃料电池性能。 还公开了相关的燃料电池和燃料电池堆。

    Modular high temperature battery electrical configurations
    9.
    发明授权
    Modular high temperature battery electrical configurations 有权
    模块化高温电池电气配置

    公开(公告)号：US08916285B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-12-23

    申请号：US13338325

    申请日：2011-12-28

    申请人： Kristopher John Frutschy ,  Reza Sarrafi-Nour ,  Stefan Rakuff ,  Sandor Istvan Hollo ,  Narayan Subramanian ,  William Patrick Waters ,  James Thorpe Browell ,  Kanthi Latha Bhamidipati

    发明人： Kristopher John Frutschy ,  Reza Sarrafi-Nour ,  Stefan Rakuff ,  Sandor Istvan Hollo ,  Narayan Subramanian ,  William Patrick Waters ,  James Thorpe Browell ,  Kanthi Latha Bhamidipati

    IPC分类号： H01M2/10 ,  H01M2/22 ,  H01M2/30

    CPC分类号： H01M2/0252 ,  H01M2/0447 ,  H01M2/266

    摘要： A cell module and modular cell tray apparatus for a modular electrochemical device that are more easily manufactured and serviced. A cell module is provided having a plurality of electrochemical cells. The cell module includes an electrically conductive carrier element having a plurality of apertures, wherein each aperture is configured to accept a top portion of an electrode body of an electrochemical cell. A modular cell tray apparatus is provided having a plurality of the cell modules. The cell tray apparatus includes an electrically insulating tray having rows of cell receptacles to accept the cell modules. A modular electrochemical device is provided having a plurality of the cell tray apparatuses. The modular electrochemical device includes a plurality of electrical connectors configured to electrically connect the cell modules within a cell tray apparatus, and to electrically connect the cell tray apparatuses to each other.

    摘要翻译： 用于模块化电化学装置的电池模块和模块化电池托盘装置，其更容易制造和维修。 提供具有多个电化学电池的电池模块。 电池模块包括具有多个孔的导电载体元件，其中每个孔构造成接纳电化学电池的电极体的顶部。 提供具有多个单元模块的模块化电池托盘装置。 细胞托盘装置包括一个电绝缘托盘，该电绝缘托盘具有一排单元容器以容纳单元模块。 提供了具有多个电池托盘装置的模块化电化学装置。 模块化电化学装置包括多个电连接器，其被配置为电连接电池托盘装置内的电池模块，并将电池托盘装置彼此电连接。