摘要:
A liquid crystal display device capable of preventing occurrence of display irregularity due to movement of spherical spacer materials. The liquid crystal display device includes a pixel electrode and counter electrode that are formed on a liquid crystal-side surface of one transparent substrate of respective transparent substrates disposed opposing each other with a liquid crystal being laid therebetween, wherein the transmissivity of light transmitting between this pixel electrode and the counter electrode is controlled by twisting of molecules of the liquid crystal as caused by an electric field generated between the pixel electrode and counter electrode. In the liquid crystal display device, spacer materials are provided between respective ones of said transparent substrates. These spacers are fixed and disposed on an insulating layer underlying an orientation film which is in contact with said liquid crystal on the one transparent substrate side.
摘要:
One substrate of a color liquid crystal display device includes a plurality of common electrodes, a plurality of pixel electrodes disposed between the plurality of common electrodes, color filters disposed between the common electrodes and the pixel electrodes, an orientation control layer disposed on the color filters for controlling the orientation of liquid crystal molecules of a liquid crystal layer, and black matrixes for shading boundaries of the color filters. An electric field parallel to the substrate is generated in the liquid crystal layer by applying a voltage between the common electrodes and the pixel electrodes.
摘要:
A lithium-ion secondary battery 1 comprises an anode including a conductive anode active material containing layer containing an anode active material; a cathode including a conductive cathode active material containing layer containing a cathode active material; a nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing a lithium salt, propylene carbonate, and a linear carbonate; and a case accommodating the anode, cathode, and nonaqueous electrolytic solution in a closed state. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution further contains an additive satisfying the condition represented by expression (1): +0.9V≦(E2−E1)≦+2.5V, whereas the moisture content in the anode active material containing layer is regulated so as to satisfy the condition represented by expression (2): 40 ppm≦C1≦100 ppm. E1 is the standard electrode potential (V vs. SHE) of a redox pair Li/Li+, and E2 is the standard electrode potential (V vs. SHE) of a redox pair in the additive in expression (1); and Cl is the moisture content in 1 g of the material constituting the anode active material containing layer in expression (2).