公开(公告)号：US5953120A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-14

申请号：US582787

申请日：1996-01-04

申请人： Kenneth Hencken ,  William L. Flower

发明人： Kenneth Hencken ,  William L. Flower

IPC分类号： G01N21/53 ,  G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G01N21/53

摘要： A compact optical probe is disclosed particularly useful for analysis of emissions in industrial environments. The instant invention provides a geometry for optically-based measurements that allows all optical components (source, detector, rely optics, etc.) to be located in proximity to one another. The geometry of the probe disclosed herein provides a means for making optical measurements in environments where it is difficult and/or expensive to gain access to the vicinity of a flow stream to be measured. Significantly, the lens geometry of the optical probe allows the analysis location within a flow stream being monitored to be moved while maintaining optical alignment of all components even when the optical probe is focused on a plurality of different analysis points within the flow stream.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种紧凑的光学探针，其特别用于工业环境中的排放分析。 本发明提供了允许所有光学组件（源，检测器，依赖光学器件等）彼此靠近的基于光学的测量的几何形状。 本文公开的探针的几何形状提供了在难以和/或昂贵地进入待测量的流动流的附近的环境中进行光学测量的装置。 重要的是，即使当光学探针聚焦在流动流内的多个不同的分析点上时，光学探针的透镜几何形状允许监视的流动流内的分析位置被移动同时保持所有部件的光学对准。

公开(公告)号：US6061641A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-09

申请号：US956520

申请日：1997-10-23

申请人： David W. Hahn ,  Kenneth R. Hencken ,  Howard A. Johnsen ,  William L. Flower

发明人： David W. Hahn ,  Kenneth R. Hencken ,  Howard A. Johnsen ,  William L. Flower

IPC分类号： G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/443

CPC分类号： G01J3/443

摘要： This invention pertains generally to a method for improving the accuracy of particle analysis under conditions of discrete particle loading and particularly to a method for improving signal-to-noise ratio and instrument response in laser spark spectroscopic analysis of particulate emissions. Under conditions of low particle density loading (particles/m.sup.3) resulting from low overall metal concentrations and/or large particle size uniform sampling can not be guaranteed. The present invention discloses a technique for separating laser sparks that arise from sample particles from those that do not; that is, a process for systematically "gating" the instrument response arising from "sampled" particles from those responses which do not, is dislosed as a solution to his problem. The disclosed approach is based on random sampling combined with a conditional analysis of each pulse. A threshold value is determined for the ratio of the intensity of a spectral line for a given element to a baseline region. If the threshold value is exceeded, the pulse is classified as a "hit" and that data is collected and an average spectrum is generated from an arithmetic average of "hits". The true metal concentration is determined from the averaged spectrum.

摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及在离散颗粒负载条件下提高颗粒分析精度的方法，特别涉及在颗粒物排放的激光火花光谱分析中提高信噪比和仪器响应的方法。 在由低的总金属浓度和/或较大的粒度导致的低颗粒密度负载（颗粒/ m3）的条件下，不能保证均匀的取样。 本发明公开了一种从样品颗粒中产生的激光火花分离的技术， 也就是说，系统地“选通”来自那些不被解释为他的问题的那些答复的“抽样”粒子产生的仪器响应的过程。 所公开的方法基于随机抽样与每个脉冲的条件分析。 对于给定元素的谱线的强度与基线区域的比率确定阈值。 如果超过阈值，则脉冲被分类为“命中”，并且收集数据，并从“命中”的算术平均值生成平均谱。 真正的金属浓度由平均光谱确定。

公开(公告)号：US5777734A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-07

申请号：US585341

申请日：1996-01-11

申请人： William L. Flower ,  Ronald F. Renzi

发明人： William L. Flower ,  Ronald F. Renzi

IPC分类号： G01N15/10 ,  G01N21/73 ,  G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G01N21/73 ,  G01N15/1012 ,  G01N21/85

摘要： The instant invention discloses method and apparatus for calibrating particulate emissions monitors, in particular, and sampling probes, in general, without removing the instrument from the system being monitored. A source of one or more specific metals in aerosol (either solid or liquid) or vapor form is housed in the instrument. The calibration operation is initiated by moving a focusing lens, used to focus a light beam onto an analysis location and collect the output light response, from an operating position to a calibration position such that the focal point of the focusing lens is now within a calibration stream issuing from a calibration source. The output light response from the calibration stream can be compared to that derived from an analysis location in the operating position to more accurately monitor emissions within the emissions flow stream.

摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种用于校准颗粒物排放监测器，特别是采样探头的方法和装置，一般而言，不将仪器从被监测的系统中移除。 气溶胶（固体或液体）或蒸汽形式的一种或多种特定金属的来源被容纳在仪器中。 通过移动用于将光束聚焦到分析位置并且将输出光响应从操作位置收集到校准位置的聚焦透镜开始，使得聚焦透镜的焦点现在处于校准 流从校准源发出。 来自校准流的输出光响应可以与从操作位置的分析位置得到的输出光响应进行比较，以更准确地监测排放流内的排放。