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公开(公告)号：US06441350B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-27
申请号：US09386565
申请日：1999-08-31
IPC分类号： H05B102
CPC分类号： H01L21/67248 , C23C16/52 , C30B25/10 , C30B25/16 , C30B31/12 , C30B31/18 , F27B9/024 , F27B9/063 , F27B9/40 , F27D19/00 , F27D21/0014 , H01L21/67109
摘要： A temperature control system for a thermal reactor is disclosed that addresses many of the problems in the art. In accordance with one aspect of the disclosed control system, a plurality of temperature controllers are employed. Each temperature controller employs one or more dynamic models that are optimized for a given temperature range. The temperature range over which a particular controller is optimized is preferably generally exclusive of the temperature ranges over which other controllers of the plurality of temperature controllers are optimized. In accordance with another aspect of the control system, the control system employs enhanced ramp trajectory logic. In accordance with another aspect of the control system, the control system employs a virtual temperature sensor in the event of a hardware failure of the corresponding non-virtual temperature sensor. Upon the detection of a failure of the non-virtual temperature sensor, the temperature control system automatically substitutes a virtual temperature sensor in its place as a control system input. In accordance with a still further aspect of the temperature control system, the control system is provided with control logic that switches the control mode of the system in the event of a failure of a heating element. All of the foregoing aspect of the present invention may be combined into a single temperature controller. Alternatively, these temperature control system improvements may be incorporated as individual elements, without reliance on the other inventive aspects disclosed herein.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于热反应器的温度控制系统，其解决了本领域的许多问题。 根据所公开的控制系统的一个方面，采用多个温度控制器。 每个温度控制器都使用一个或多个针对给定温度范围进行优化的动态模型。 特定控制器优化的温度范围优选地通常不超过多个温度控制器中的其它控制器被优化的温度范围。 根据控制系统的另一方面，控制系统采用增强的斜坡轨迹逻辑。 根据控制系统的另一方面，在对应的非虚拟温度传感器发生硬件故障的情况下，控制系统采用虚拟温度传感器。 在检测到非虚拟温度传感器的故障时，温度控制系统自动地将虚拟温度传感器替代为控制系统输入。 根据温度控制系统的另一方面，控制系统设置有控制逻辑，其在加热元件发生故障的情况下切换系统的控制模式。 本发明的所有前述方面可以组合成单个温度控制器。 或者，这些温度控制系统改进可以作为单独的元件并入，而不依赖于本文公开的其它发明方面。
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公开(公告)号：US06207937B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-27
申请号：US09386567
申请日：1999-08-31
IPC分类号： H05B102
CPC分类号： H01L21/67248 , C23C16/52 , C30B25/10 , C30B25/16 , C30B31/12 , C30B31/18 , F27B9/024 , F27B9/063 , F27B9/40 , F27D19/00 , F27D21/0014 , H01L21/67109
摘要： A temperature control system for a thermal reactor is disclosed that addresses many of the problems in the art. In accordance with one aspect of the disclosed control system, a plurality of temperature controllers are employed. Each temperature controller employs one or more dynamic models that are optimized for a given temperature range. The temperature range over which a particular controller is optimized is preferably generally exclusive of the temperature ranges over which other controllers of the plurality of temperature controllers are optimized. In accordance with another aspect of the control system, the control system employs enhanced ramp trajectory logic. In accordance with another aspect of the control system, the control system employs a virtual temperature sensor in the event of a hardware failure of the corresponding non-virtual temperature sensor. Upon the detection of a failure of the non-virtual temperature sensor, the temperature control system automatically substitutes a virtual temperature sensor in its place as a control system input. In accordance with a still further aspect of the temperature control system, the control system is provided with control logic that switches the control mode of the system in the event of a failure of a heating element. All of the foregoing aspect of the present invention may be combined into a single temperature controller. Alternatively, these temperature control system improvements may be incorporated as individual elements, without reliance on the other inventive aspects disclosed herein.
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公开(公告)号：US06211495B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-03
申请号：US09386678
申请日：1999-08-31
IPC分类号： H05B102
CPC分类号： H01L21/67248 , C23C16/52 , C30B25/10 , C30B25/16 , C30B31/12 , C30B31/18 , F27B9/024 , F27B9/063 , F27B9/40 , F27D19/00 , F27D21/0014 , H01L21/67109
摘要： A temperature control system for a thermal reactor is disclosed that addresses many of the problems in the art. In accordance with one aspect of the disclosed control system, a plurality of temperature controllers are employed. Each temperature controller employs one or more dynamic models that are optimized for a given temperature range. The temperature range over which a particular controller is optimized is preferably generally exclusive of the temperature ranges over which other controllers of the plurality of temperature controllers are optimized. In accordance with another aspect of the control system, the control system employs enhanced ramp trajectory logic. In accordance with another aspect of the control system, the control system employs a virtual temperature sensor in the event of a hardware failure of the corresponding non-virtual temperature sensor. Upon the detection of a failure of the non-virtual temperature sensor, the temperature control system automatically substitutes a virtual temperature sensor in its place as a control system input. In accordance with a still further aspect of the temperature control system, the control system is provided with control logic that switches the control mode of the system in the event of a failure of a heating element. All of the foregoing aspect of the present invention may be combined into a single temperature controller. Alternatively, these temperature control system improvements may be incorporated as individual elements, without reliance on the other inventive aspects disclosed herein.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于热反应器的温度控制系统，其解决了本领域的许多问题。 根据所公开的控制系统的一个方面，采用多个温度控制器。 每个温度控制器都使用一个或多个针对给定温度范围进行优化的动态模型。 特定控制器优化的温度范围优选地通常不超过多个温度控制器中的其它控制器被优化的温度范围。 根据控制系统的另一方面，控制系统采用增强的斜坡轨迹逻辑。 根据控制系统的另一方面，在对应的非虚拟温度传感器发生硬件故障的情况下，控制系统采用虚拟温度传感器。 在检测到非虚拟温度传感器的故障时，温度控制系统自动地将虚拟温度传感器替代为控制系统输入。 根据温度控制系统的另一方面，控制系统设置有控制逻辑，其在加热元件发生故障的情况下切换系统的控制模式。 本发明的所有前述方面可以组合成单个温度控制器。 或者，这些温度控制系统改进可以作为单独的元件并入，而不依赖于本文公开的其它发明方面。
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公开(公告)号：US06222164B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-24
申请号：US09387001
申请日：1999-08-31
IPC分类号： H05B102
CPC分类号： H01L21/67248 , C23C16/52 , C30B25/10 , C30B25/16 , C30B31/12 , C30B31/18 , F27B9/024 , F27B9/063 , F27B9/40 , F27D19/00 , F27D21/0014 , H01L21/67109
摘要： A temperature control system for a thermal reactor is disclosed that addresses many of the problems in the art. In accordance with one aspect of the disclosed control system, a plurality of temperature controllers are employed. Each temperature controller employs one or more dynamic models that are optimized for a given temperature range. The temperature range over which a particular controller is optimized is preferably generally exclusive of the temperature ranges over which other controllers of the plurality of temperature controllers are optimized. In accordance with another aspect of the control system the control system employs enhanced ramp trajectory logic. In accordance with another aspect of the control system, the control system employs a virtual temperature sensor in the event of a hardware failure of the corresponding non-virtual temperature sensor. Upon the detection of a failure of the non-virtual temperature sensor, the temperature control system automatically substitutes a virtual temperature sensor in its place as a control system input. In accordance with a still further aspect of the temperature control system, the control system is provided with control logic that switches the control mode of the system in the event of a failure of a heating element. All of the foregoing aspect of the present invention may be combined into a single temperature controller. Alternatively, these temperature control system improvements may be incorporated as individual elements, without reliance on the other inventive aspects disclosed herein.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于热反应器的温度控制系统，其解决了本领域的许多问题。 根据所公开的控制系统的一个方面，采用多个温度控制器。 每个温度控制器都使用一个或多个针对给定温度范围进行优化的动态模型。 特定控制器优化的温度范围优选地通常不超过多个温度控制器中的其它控制器被优化的温度范围。 根据控制系统的另一方面，控制系统采用增强的斜坡轨迹逻辑。 根据控制系统的另一方面，在对应的非虚拟温度传感器发生硬件故障的情况下，控制系统采用虚拟温度传感器。 在检测到非虚拟温度传感器的故障时，温度控制系统自动地将虚拟温度传感器替代为控制系统输入。 根据温度控制系统的另一方面，控制系统设置有控制逻辑，其在加热元件发生故障的情况下切换系统的控制模式。 本发明的所有前述方面可以组合成单个温度控制器。 或者，这些温度控制系统改进可以作为单独的元件并入，而不依赖于本文公开的其它发明方面。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5895596A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-20
申请号：US791024
申请日：1997-01-27
IPC分类号： H05B3/00 , C23C14/54 , C23C16/52 , C30B25/10 , G05D23/22 , H01L21/00 , H01L21/205 , H01L21/22 , H01L21/324 , H05B1/02
CPC分类号： H01L21/67115 , C23C16/52 , C30B25/10 , G05D23/1931 , G05D23/22
摘要： Controllers and associated methods for controlling a thermal reactor or other thermal semiconductor processors which include a heating element powered by a power source, and having profile thermocouples and spike thermocouples. One preferred method comprises the following steps: modeling thermal dynamic characteristics of the thermal reactor, the modeling step including providing thermocouple instrumented wafers in the thermal reactor, perturbing the thermal reactor by controlling the heating element using a stimulation sequence, and developing models based on changes in temperature created by the perturbations. The models are developed off-line and can include one or more models, such as a model of power versus spike thermocouple readings, a model of spike thermocouple readings versus profile thermocouple readings, and a model of profile thermocouple readings versus thermocouple instrumented wafer readings. On-line models are further derived and used during operation to control power input to the zones of the thermal processor using measured profile and spike temperatures. The models can be cascaded or selectively activated to achieve different control regimes.
摘要翻译： 用于控制热反应堆或其他热半导体处理器的控制器和相关方法，其包括由电源供电的加热元件，并具有轮廓热电偶和尖峰热电偶。 一种优选的方法包括以下步骤：建模热反应器的热动力学特征，建模步骤包括在热反应器中提供热电偶仪表化晶片，通过使用刺激序列控制加热元件来扰乱热反应器，以及基于变化开发模型 在温度造成的扰动。 这些型号是离线开发的，可以包括一个或多个型号，例如功率与尖峰热电偶读数的模型，尖峰热电偶读数与型材热电偶读数的模型，以及轮廓热电偶读数与热电偶仪器化晶圆读数的模型。 在运行期间进一步导出和使用在线模型，以使用测量的轮廓和峰值温度来控制对热处理器的区域的功率输入。 模型可以级联或选择性地激活以实现不同的控制方式。
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6.发明授权System and method for a flameless tracer / marker for ammunition housing multiple projectiles utilizing chemlucent chemicals 失效用于弹药的无焰示踪剂/标记物的系统和方法，其容纳使用化学化学品的多个弹丸公开(公告)号：US06931993B1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-23
申请号：US10708162
申请日：2004-02-12
摘要： Small, medium and large caliber ammunition housing multiple projectiles are traced by means of a tracing/marking system utilizing chemlucent chemicals. The tracing/marking system also provides target marking when using small, medium and large caliber ammunition. Multiple projectiles are coated in a chemlucent chemical (referenced as the coating) and placed in the ammunition. Additionally, a liquid chemlucent chemical in a separate container is placed in the ammunition. When launched or fired from a gun or munition, the separate container breaks and the coating and the chemlucent chemicals combine, emitting light. The present system applies to multiple projectiles that are either launched in a scatter pattern from a gun or dispersed in a scatter pattern after the housing of the ammunition opens up outside the gun after firing. For military ammunition, the tracing/marking system may use buckshot, steel balls, or tungsten balls. The tracing/marking system may also use various shaped projectiles such as stars, cubes, balls or flechettes. The chemlucent chemicals used by the tracing/marking system are non-flammable, biodegradable, and non-toxic.
摘要翻译： 通过使用化学化学品的追踪/标记系统来追踪容纳多个弹丸的小，中，大口径弹药。 跟踪/标记系统在使用小，中，大口径弹药时也提供目标标记。 多个抛射体涂覆在化学品（称为涂层）中并放置在弹药中。 此外，在一个单独的容器中的液体化学化学品被放置在弹药中。 当从枪支或弹药发射或射击时，分开的容器断裂，涂层和化学化学品结合起来，发光。 本系统适用于在枪炮的外壳在射击后在枪外打开的情况下，从喷枪散射图中发射或分散在散射图中的多个射弹。 对于军用弹药，追踪/标记系统可能会使用弹弓，钢球或钨球。 跟踪/标记系统还可以使用各种形状的抛射体，例如恒星，立方体，球或薄膜。 追踪/标记系统使用的化学化学品不易燃，可生物降解，无毒。
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公开(公告)号：US20050026460A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-03
申请号：US10628981
申请日：2003-07-29
IPC分类号： H01L21/00 , H01L21/324 , H01L21/677 , H01L21/26
CPC分类号： H01L21/324 , H01L21/67248 , H01L21/67754
摘要： A system for minimizing thermal reactor temperature overshoot and stabilization during a boat push. In one embodiment, the setpoint temperatures are reduced to a minimum value. As the temperature in the thermal reactor begins to increase, the setpoint temperatures are ramped back to the original setpoint temperature.
摘要翻译： 用于在船推时最大限度地减少热反应堆温度过冲和稳定的系统。 在一个实施例中，将设定点温度降低到最小值。 随着热反应堆中的温度开始增加，设定点温度将回到初始设定点温度。
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公开(公告)号：US07543534B1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-09
申请号：US10906110
申请日：2005-02-03
IPC分类号： F42B10/00
摘要： Described are flameless tracer munitions that are expelled from land mines or in hand thrown devices, which are used to mark an enemy person, vehicle body, or tires on the vehicle, with materials that emit infrared (IR) light, or heat emitting materials, or with a visible ink or a dye. The subjects are then identified and pursued because of the ink or seen with infrared reading or heat seeking devices. The devices are both long duration (several hours) and also have high light intensity tracing and marking. These munitions are non-impact and non-lethal; are non-toxic, and biodegradable.
摘要翻译： 描述的是无人驾驶的示踪弹药，其被用来从地雷或手上投掷的装置中排出，这些装置用于标记车辆上的敌人，车身或轮胎，发射红外线（IR）光或发光材料的材料， 或用可见的油墨或染料。 然后由于墨水识别和追踪受试者，或者通过红外读取或热寻找装置观察。 设备的持续时间都很长（几个小时），并且还具有高的光强跟踪和标记。 这些弹药是无影响的和非致命的; 是无毒的，可生物降解的。
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