公开(公告)号：US20050182196A1

公开(公告)日：2005-08-18

申请号：US11103999

申请日：2005-04-12

申请人： Kishan Khemani ,  Harald Schmidt ,  Simon Hodson

发明人： Kishan Khemani ,  Harald Schmidt ,  Simon Hodson

IPC分类号： C08L3/02 ,  C08L67/02 ,  C08L67/03 ,  C08L67/04 ,  C08L77/12 ,  C08F8/30

CPC分类号： C08L77/12 ,  C08L3/02 ,  C08L67/02 ,  C08L67/03 ,  C08L67/04 ,  Y10T428/1307 ,  Y10T428/1334 ,  Y10T428/1352 ,  C08L67/00 ,  C08L2666/02 ,  C08L91/06 ,  C08L2666/18

摘要： Biodegradable polymer blends suitable for laminate coatings, wraps and other packaging materials are manufactured from a blend of suitable biodegradable polymers, such as at least one “hard” biopolymer and at least one “soft” biopolymer. “Hard” biopolymers tend to be more brittle and rigid and typically have a glass transition temperature greater than about 10° C. “Soft” biopolymers tend to be more flexible and pliable and typically have a glass transition temperature less than about 0° C. While hard and soft polymers each possess certain intrinsic benefits, certain blends of hard and soft polymers have been discovered which possess synergistic properties superior to those of either hard or soft polymers by themselves. Biodegradable polymers include polyesters, polyesteramides, polyesterurethanes, thermoplastic starch, and other natural polymers. The polymer blends may optionally include an inorganic filler. Films and sheets made from the polymer blends may be textured so as to increase the bulk hand feel. Wraps will typically be manufactured to have good “dead-fold” properties so as to remain in a wrapped position and not spring back to an “unwrapped” form.

摘要翻译： 适用于层压涂层，包装和其他包装材料的可生物降解聚合物共混物由合适的可生物降解的聚合物如至少一种“硬”生物聚合物和至少一种“软”生物聚合物的混合物制成。 “硬”生物聚合物倾向于更脆和刚性，并且通常具有大于约10℃的玻璃化转变温度。“软”生物聚合物倾向于更柔软和柔韧，并且通常具有小于约0℃的玻璃化转变温度。 虽然硬和软聚合物各自具有某些固有的优点，但已经发现了硬和软聚合物的某些共混物，其本身具有优于硬聚合物或软聚合物的协同性质。 可生物降解的聚合物包括聚酯，聚酯酰胺，聚酯氨酯，热塑性淀粉和其他天然聚合物。 聚合物共混物可任选地包括无机填料。 由聚合物共混物制成的薄膜和薄片可以是纹理化的，以便增加手感。 通常将制造包装以具有良好的“折叠”性质，以便保持在包裹位置并且不弹回到“展开”形式。

公开(公告)号：US07214414B2

公开(公告)日：2007-05-08

申请号：US11103999

申请日：2005-04-12

申请人： Kishan Khemani ,  Harald Schmidt ,  Simon Hodson

发明人： Kishan Khemani ,  Harald Schmidt ,  Simon Hodson

IPC分类号： C08B30/00 ,  C08L5/00 ,  C08L99/00

CPC分类号： C08L77/12 ,  C08L3/02 ,  C08L67/02 ,  C08L67/03 ,  C08L67/04 ,  Y10T428/1307 ,  Y10T428/1334 ,  Y10T428/1352 ,  C08L67/00 ,  C08L2666/02 ,  C08L91/06 ,  C08L2666/18

摘要： Biodegradable polymer blends suitable for laminate coatings, wraps and other packaging materials are manufactured from a blend of suitable biodegradable polymers, such as at least one “hard” biopolymer and at least one “soft” biopolymer. “Hard” biopolymers tend to be more brittle and rigid and typically have a glass transition temperature greater than about 10° C. “Soft” biopolymers tend to be more flexible and pliable and typically have a glass transition temperature less than about 0° C. While hard and soft polymers each possess certain intrinsic benefits, certain blends of hard and soft polymers have been discovered which possess synergistic properties superior to those of either hard or soft polymers by themselves. Biodegradable polymers include polyesters, polyesteramides, polyesterurethanes, thermoplastic starch, and other natural polymers. The polymer blends may optionally include an inorganic filler. Films and sheets made from the polymer blends may be textured so as to increase the bulk hand feel. Wraps will typically be manufactured to have good “dead-fold” properties so as to remain in a wrapped position and not spring back to an “unwrapped” form.

摘要翻译： 适用于层压涂层，包装和其他包装材料的可生物降解聚合物共混物由合适的可生物降解的聚合物如至少一种“硬”生物聚合物和至少一种“软”生物聚合物的混合物制成。 “硬”生物聚合物倾向于更脆和刚性，并且通常具有大于约10℃的玻璃化转变温度。“软”生物聚合物倾向于更柔软和柔韧，并且通常具有小于约0℃的玻璃化转变温度。 虽然硬和软聚合物各自具有某些固有的优点，但已经发现了硬和软聚合物的某些共混物，其本身具有优于硬聚合物或软聚合物的协同性质。 可生物降解的聚合物包括聚酯，聚酯酰胺，聚酯氨酯，热塑性淀粉和其他天然聚合物。 聚合物共混物可任选地包括无机填料。 由聚合物共混物制成的薄膜和薄片可以是纹理化的，以便增加手感。 通常将制造包装以具有良好的“折叠”性质，以便保持在包裹位置并且不弹回到“展开”形式。

公开(公告)号：US20080027584A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-31

申请号：US11871798

申请日：2007-10-12

申请人： Per Andersen ,  Simon Hodson

发明人： Per Andersen ,  Simon Hodson

IPC分类号： G05B15/00

CPC分类号： G06F17/5004 ,  C04B28/02 ,  G06F17/5009 ,  G06F2217/04 ,  G06F2217/08 ,  Y02W30/92 ,  Y02W30/94 ,  C04B14/06 ,  C04B18/08 ,  C04B18/146 ,  C04B24/12 ,  C04B40/0096 ,  C04B2103/302 ,  C04B2103/304

摘要： Design optimization methods can be used to design concrete mixtures having optimized properties, including desired strength and slump at minimal cost. The design optimization methods use a computer-implemented process that is able to design and virtually “test” millions of hypothetical concrete compositions using mathematical algorithms that interrelate a number of variables that affect strength, slump, cost and other desired features. The design optimization procedure utilizes a constant K (or K factor) within Feret's strength equation that varies (e.g., logarithmically) with concrete strength for any given set of raw material inputs and processing equipment. That means that the binding efficiency or effectiveness of hydraulic cement increases with increasing concentration so long as the concrete remains optimized. The knowledge of how the K factor varies with binding efficiency and strength is a powerful tool that can be applied in multiple circumstances. A concrete manufacturing process may include accurately measuring the raw materials to minimize variation between predicted and actual strength, as well as carefully controlling water content throughout the manufacturing and delivery process.

摘要翻译： 设计优化方法可用于设计具有优化性能的混凝土混合物，包括所需的强度和最低成本的坍落度。 设计优化方法使用计算机实现的过程，其能够使用数学算法来设计和虚拟地“测试”数百万个假设混凝土组合物，该算法将影响强度，坍落度，成本和其他期望特征的多个变量相互关联。 设计优化程序利用Feret强度方程中的常数K（或K因子），其对于任何给定的原料输入和处理设备组的混凝土强度而变化（例如，对数）。 这意味着只要混凝土保持优化，水泥浆的粘合效率或有效性就随着浓度的增加而增加。 K因子如何随着绑定效率和强度而变化的知识是可以在多种情况下应用的强大工具。 混凝土制造过程可以包括准确地测量原材料以最小化预测和实际强度之间的变化，以及在制造和输送过程中仔细控制含水量。

公开(公告)号：US20060240726A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-26

申请号：US11471377

申请日：2006-06-20

申请人： Simon Hodson

发明人： Simon Hodson

IPC分类号： B32B5/02

CPC分类号： D21H19/14 ,  B32B5/02 ,  B32B9/02 ,  B32B9/047 ,  B32B9/06 ,  B32B27/04 ,  B32B27/10 ,  B32B27/12 ,  B32B27/20 ,  B32B27/34 ,  B32B27/36 ,  B32B29/00 ,  B32B37/04 ,  B32B2255/12 ,  B32B2264/10 ,  B32B2264/101 ,  B32B2264/102 ,  B32B2264/104 ,  B32B2264/107 ,  B32B2270/00 ,  B32B2307/30 ,  B32B2307/50 ,  B32B2307/7163 ,  B32B2317/12 ,  B32B2398/20 ,  B32B2553/00 ,  Y10T428/31551 ,  Y10T428/31783 ,  Y10T428/3179 ,  Y10T442/20 ,  Y10T442/2164 ,  Y10T442/2213

摘要： Fibrous sheets are coated or impregnated with a biodegradable composition to render the sheets more resistant to penetration by liquids. Biodegradable polymer blends suitable for use in coating or impregnating a fibrous sheet can be manufactured from at least one type of polyhydroxybutyrate, optionally in combination with at least one additional biodegradable polymer (e.g., a “hard” biodegradable polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least about 10° C. and/or a “soft” biodegradable polymer having a glass transition temperature less than about 0° C. Sufficient inorganic filler may be included so as to render the treated sheet microwaveable. The biodegradable polymer compositions are especially well-suited for coating or impregnating paper sheets, e.g., 12-15 lb/3000 ft2 tissue paper to yield food wraps. Food wraps will typically be manufactured to have good “dead-fold” properties so as to remain in a wrapped position and not spring back to an “unwrapped” form.

摘要翻译： 纤维片材用可生物降解的组合物涂覆或浸渍，以使片材更能抵抗液体渗透。 适合用于涂覆或浸渍纤维片材的可生物降解的聚合物共混物可以由至少一种类型的聚羟基丁酸酯制造，任选地与至少一种另外的可生物降解聚合物（例如，具有玻璃化转变温度为 至少约10℃和/或具有玻璃化转变温度低于约0℃的“软”生物可降解聚合物）。 可以包括足够的无机填料，以使经处理的片材可微波。 可生物降解的聚合物组合物特别适用于涂布或浸渍纸张，例如12-15磅/ 3000英尺2的薄纸，以产生食品包装。 食品包装通常被制造成具有良好的“折叠”性质，以便保持在包裹位置，而不是弹回到“展开”形式。

公开(公告)号：US20080027583A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-31

申请号：US11871705

申请日：2007-10-12

申请人： Per Andersen ,  Simon Hodson

发明人： Per Andersen ,  Simon Hodson

IPC分类号： G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G06F17/5004 ,  C04B28/02 ,  G06F17/5009 ,  G06F2217/04 ,  G06F2217/08 ,  Y02W30/92 ,  Y02W30/94 ,  C04B14/06 ,  C04B18/08 ,  C04B18/146 ,  C04B24/12 ,  C04B40/0096 ,  C04B2103/302 ,  C04B2103/304

摘要： Design optimization methods can be used to design concrete mixtures having optimized properties, including desired strength and slump at minimal cost. The design optimization methods use a computer-implemented process that is able to design and virtually “test” millions of hypothetical concrete compositions using mathematical algorithms that interrelate a number of variables that affect strength, slump, cost and other desired features. The design optimization procedure utilizes a constant K (or K factor) within Feret's strength equation that varies (e.g., logarithmically) with concrete strength for any given set of raw material inputs and processing equipment. That means that the binding efficiency or effectiveness of hydraulic cement increases with increasing concentration so long as the concrete remains optimized. The knowledge of how the K factor varies with binding efficiency and strength is a powerful tool that can be applied in multiple circumstances. A concrete manufacturing process may include accurately measuring the raw materials to minimize variation between predicted and actual strength, as well as carefully controlling water content throughout the manufacturing and delivery process.

摘要翻译： 设计优化方法可用于设计具有优化性能的混凝土混合物，包括所需的强度和最低成本的坍落度。 设计优化方法使用计算机实现的过程，其能够使用数学算法来设计和虚拟地“测试”数百万个假设混凝土组合物，该算法将影响强度，坍落度，成本和其他期望特征的多个变量相互关联。 设计优化程序利用Feret强度方程中的常数K（或K因子），其对于任何给定的原料输入和处理设备组的混凝土强度而变化（例如，对数）。 这意味着只要混凝土保持优化，水泥浆的粘合效率或有效性就随着浓度的增加而增加。 K因子如何随着绑定效率和强度而变化的知识是可以在多种情况下应用的强大工具。 混凝土制造过程可以包括准确地测量原材料以最小化预测和实际强度之间的变化，以及在制造和输送过程中仔细控制含水量。

公开(公告)号：US20070021534A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-25

申请号：US11184128

申请日：2005-07-19

申请人： Gregory Glenn ,  Simon Hodson

发明人： Gregory Glenn ,  Simon Hodson

IPC分类号： D21H19/54

CPC分类号： C08L3/02 ,  C08L29/04 ,  C08L97/02 ,  C08L2666/02

摘要： A fiber-reinforced and starch-based composition can be prepared by combining two fractions. The first fraction can include a gelatinized starch, water, and fibers, wherein the fibers are substantially homogenously mixed with the starch in an amount sufficient to structurally reinforce the mechanical characteristics of the starch-based composition. The second fraction is then combined with the first fraction, wherein the second fraction can include non-gelatinized starch, non-volatile plasticizer, and a water-resistant polymer. The composition is mixed so as to form a thermoplastic composition being capable of expanding when rapidly heated to above the boiling point of water and the softening point of the plasticized starch. Additionally, fiber-reinforced articles can be prepared from a method of processing the starch-based compositions. Such a method includes introducing the fiber-reinforced starch-based composition into a mold, and molding the composition into a fiber-reinforced article.

摘要翻译： 纤维增强和基于淀粉的组合物可以通过组合两个级分来制备。 第一级分可以包括糊化淀粉，水和纤维，其中纤维基本上与淀粉均匀混合，其量足以在结构上增强淀粉基组合物的机械特性。 然后将第二级分与第一级分组合，其中第二馏分可包括非胶凝淀粉，非挥发性增塑剂和耐水聚合物。 将组合物混合以形成当快速加热至高于水的沸点和增塑淀粉的软化点时能够膨胀的热塑性组合物。 此外，纤维增强制品可以由加工淀粉基组合物的方法制备。 这种方法包括将纤维增强的淀粉基组合物引入模具中，并将组合物模塑成纤维增强制品。

公开(公告)号：US20080066653A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-20

申请号：US11858689

申请日：2007-09-20

申请人： Per Andersen ,  Simon Hodson

发明人： Per Andersen ,  Simon Hodson

IPC分类号： C04B7/02

CPC分类号： G06F17/5004 ,  C04B28/02 ,  G06F17/5009 ,  G06F2217/04 ,  G06F2217/08 ,  Y02W30/92 ,  Y02W30/94 ,  C04B14/06 ,  C04B18/08 ,  C04B18/146 ,  C04B24/12 ,  C04B40/0096 ,  C04B2103/302 ,  C04B2103/304

摘要： Design optimization methods can be used to design concrete mixtures having optimized properties, including desired strength and slump at minimal cost. The design optimization methods use a computer-implemented process that is able to design and virtually “test” millions of hypothetical concrete compositions using mathematical algorithms that interrelate a number of variables that affect strength, slump, cost and other desired features. The design optimization procedure utilizes a constant K (or K factor) within Feret's strength equation that varies (e.g., logarithmically) with concrete strength for any given set of raw material inputs and processing equipment. That means that the binding efficiency or effectiveness of hydraulic cement increases with increasing concentration so long as the concrete remains optimized. The knowledge of how the K factor varies with binding efficiency and strength is a powerful tool that can be applied in multiple circumstances. A concrete manufacturing process may include accurately measuring the raw materials to minimize variation between predicted and actual strength, as well as carefully controlling water content throughout the manufacturing and delivery process.

摘要翻译： 设计优化方法可用于设计具有优化性能的混凝土混合物，包括所需的强度和最低成本的坍落度。 设计优化方法使用计算机实现的过程，其能够使用数学算法来设计和虚拟地“测试”数百万个假设混凝土组合物，该算法将影响强度，坍落度，成本和其他期望特征的多个变量相互关联。 设计优化程序利用Feret强度方程中的常数K（或K因子），其对于任何给定的原料输入和处理设备组的混凝土强度而变化（例如，对数）。 这意味着只要混凝土保持优化，水泥浆的粘合效率或有效性就随着浓度的增加而增加。 K因子如何随着绑定效率和强度而变化的知识是可以在多种情况下应用的强大工具。 混凝土制造过程可以包括准确地测量原材料以最小化预测和实际强度之间的变化，以及在制造和输送过程中仔细控制含水量。

公开(公告)号：US20080027685A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-31

申请号：US11871757

申请日：2007-10-12

申请人： Per Andersen ,  Simon Hodson

发明人： Per Andersen ,  Simon Hodson

IPC分类号： G06F17/50

CPC分类号： G06F17/5004 ,  C04B28/02 ,  G06F17/5009 ,  G06F2217/04 ,  G06F2217/08 ,  Y02W30/92 ,  Y02W30/94 ,  C04B14/06 ,  C04B18/08 ,  C04B18/146 ,  C04B24/12 ,  C04B40/0096 ,  C04B2103/302 ,  C04B2103/304

摘要： Design optimization methods can be used to design concrete mixtures having optimized properties, including desired strength and slump at minimal cost. The design optimization methods use a computer-implemented process that is able to design and virtually “test” millions of hypothetical concrete compositions using mathematical algorithms that interrelate a number of variables that affect strength, slump, cost and other desired features. The design optimization procedure utilizes a constant K (or K factor) within Feret's strength equation that varies (e.g., logarithmically) with concrete strength for any given set of raw material inputs and processing equipment. That means that the binding efficiency or effectiveness of hydraulic cement increases with increasing concentration so long as the concrete remains optimized. The knowledge of how the K factor varies with binding efficiency and strength is a powerful tool that can be applied in multiple circumstances. A concrete manufacturing process may include accurately measuring the raw materials to minimize variation between predicted and actual strength, as well as carefully controlling water content throughout the manufacturing and delivery process.

摘要翻译： 设计优化方法可用于设计具有优化性能的混凝土混合物，包括所需的强度和最低成本的坍落度。 设计优化方法使用计算机实现的过程，其能够使用数学算法来设计和虚拟地“测试”数百万个假设混凝土组合物，该算法将影响强度，坍落度，成本和其他期望特征的多个变量相互关联。 设计优化程序利用Feret强度方程中的常数K（或K因子），其对于任何给定的原料输入和处理设备组的混凝土强度而变化（例如，对数）。 这意味着只要混凝土保持优化，水泥浆的粘合效率或有效性就随着浓度的增加而增加。 K因子如何随着绑定效率和强度而变化的知识是可以在多种情况下应用的强大工具。 混凝土制造过程可以包括准确地测量原材料以最小化预测和实际强度之间的变化，以及在制造和输送过程中仔细控制含水量。

公开(公告)号：US20070021515A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-25

申请号：US11184614

申请日：2005-07-19

申请人： Gregory Glenn ,  Simon Hodson

发明人： Gregory Glenn ,  Simon Hodson

IPC分类号： C08J9/00

CPC分类号： C08J9/125 ,  C08J2201/03 ,  C08J2303/00

摘要： An expandable starch-based composition includes a starch, a volatile blowing agent, a non-volatile plasticizer, nucleating agent, and a water-resistant polymer. The expandable starch-based composition can be characterized by having a plasticized starch capable of expanding when rapidly heated to above the boiling point of the volatile blowing agent and the softening point of the plasticized starch. The composition can be used in a method of manufacturing an expandable starch-based bead, wherein the method includes: introducing the composition into an extruder; heating and mixing the composition in order to yield a thermoplastic melt; extruding the thermoplastic melt through a die opening to yield an extruded strand; cooling the extruded strand; and cutting the cooled strand in to beads. The beads can be used in a method of manufacturing a biodegradable article, the method includes: providing a plurality of expandable starch-based beads; placing the beads into a mold cavity; rapidly heating the beads to a temperature greater than the boiling point of the volatile blowing agent; causing at least a portion of the expanded beads to adhere together to form an intermediate molded body; and cooling the intermediate molded body to yield the article of manufacture.

摘要翻译： 一种可膨胀的淀粉基组合物包括淀粉，挥发性发泡剂，不挥发性增塑剂，成核剂和耐水聚合物。 可膨胀淀粉基组合物的特征在于具有当被快速加热到高于挥发性发泡剂的沸点以及增塑淀粉的软化点时能够膨胀的增塑淀粉。 该组合物可用于制造可膨胀淀粉基珠粒的方法，其中该方法包括：将组合物引入挤出机中; 加热和混合组合物以产生热塑性熔体; 通过模头挤出热塑性熔体以产生挤出的股线; 冷却挤出的股线; 并将冷却的线切割成珠。 珠粒可以用于制造可生物降解的制品的方法，该方法包括：提供多个可膨胀淀粉类珠粒; 将珠子放入模腔中; 将珠子快速加热至大于挥发性发泡剂沸点的温度; 使至少一部分发泡珠粒粘附在一起形成中间成型体; 并冷却中间成型体以产生制品。

公开(公告)号：US4944595A

公开(公告)日：1990-07-31

申请号：US234819

申请日：1988-08-19

申请人： Simon Hodson

发明人： Simon Hodson

IPC分类号： B01F5/00 ,  B01F7/00 ,  B01F7/16

CPC分类号： B01F7/1675 ,  B01F7/00908 ,  B01F2005/0002 ,  B01F7/16

摘要： A cement paste generator produces a paste with improved workability. The cement paste generator includes a housing, a shaft and a series of blades and baffles which have critical dimensions.

摘要翻译： 水泥浆发生器产生具有改进的可加工性的糊状物。 水泥浆发生器包括壳体，轴和具有关键尺寸的一系列叶片和挡板。