摘要:
Dry toners for use in electrostatic latent image development comprising a colorant in a resin binder are described, wherein said resin binder comprises a polyester containing --COOH groups in which at least one of the --COOH groups is replaced with nitrogen-containing compounds such as amines, ammonium salts, betaines, pyridinium salts, and azines. These toners are superior in development of negatively charged latent images and exhibit good low temperature fixability.
摘要:
An electrophotographic two-component system developer is described, comprising a positive charging toner and a negative charging carrier of the dispersed magnetic powder type, wherein a hydrophilic alumina particle is adhered onto the surface of said positive charging toner and a negative charging carrier has a volume average particle diameter of from 30 to 80 .mu.m. The developer provides reduced toner cloud upon development processing and provides toner images free from fog.
摘要:
In a process for preparing an ether having a tertiary alkyl group by the reaction of a primary or secondary alcohol with the tertiary olefin in a tertiary olefin-containing mixed hydrocarbon, said reaction is carried out in the presence of an adduct of the starting alcohol with a heteropoly acid or salt thereof containing at least one member selected from the group consisting of P, Si, B, Ge, As, Se, Ti, Zr, Mn, F, U, Ce and Th as a central element, at least Mo and/or W as a coordinating element and at least one member selected from the group consisting of H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.6 R.sup.7 wherein R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups, Mg, Ca, Ba, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Mi, Cu, Ag, Zn, Cd, Hg, Al, Pb and Bi as cations, the ratio of the number of the coordinating elements to the number of the central elements being 2.5 to 12, said adduct being substantially in the solid phase, under a pressure higher than the pressure at which said mixed hydrocarbon containing the tertiary olefin is kept in the liquid phase. The reaction under the above conditions enables the extreme reduction of the degree of excess of the alcohol and the enhancement of the conversion of said tertiary olefin.
摘要:
A method for regenerating a charging member for an electrophotographic system that is pressed against a surface of a body to charge the body, a charging member and a device for regenerating a charging member are provided. The method includes a step of applying heat treatment to the charging member. A used charging member, whose resistance is not decreased enough to recover a required chargeability by cleaning the surface thereof, can easily be regenerated and reused.
摘要:
A process for producing an ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid by oxidizing propylene or isobutylene in the liquid phase in the presence of a straight chain lower alcohol and molecular oxygen, characterized by carrying out the reaction in the presence of:(1) a catalyst consisting of palladium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of lead, bismuth, thallium, tellurium and mercury, preferably an intermetallic compound of palladium and said metal;(2) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of mineral acids, heteropoly-acids, heteropoly-acid salts, molybdic acid and organic sulfonic acids, preferably heteropoly-acids or their salts; and(3) optionally, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metal compounds.According to this process, the activity of catalyst is high even in a reaction at low temperatures, the amount of by-product is small and the objective ester can be produced with a high selectivity.
摘要:
A recycling method of a part for an image forming apparatus, the part being used in the image forming apparatus and provided with a thermoplastic resin member at least in a part thereof is provided which includes: recovering the part for the image forming apparatus; disassembling the recovered part for the image forming apparatus; retrieving the thermoplastic resin member from the disassembled part for the image forming apparatus; and performing heat processing to the retrieved thermoplastic resin member to recycle the member.
摘要:
The invention provides a washing method for a charging member by removing the deposited substance on the surface, thus making the charging member reusable. The washing method, for an electrophotographic charging member to be pressed to the surface of a member to be charged thereby charging the member to be charged, has a step of washing the surface of the charging member at least once with an acidic aqueous solution.
摘要:
A toner for developing an electrostatic charge image is disclosed, which is formed by adding and mixing an external additive with toner particles having an average particle size of not larger than 9 .mu.m and comprising at least a colorant and a binder resin, wherein the external additive is fine particles having a particle size of 20 to 80 nm. There is also disclosed a process for preparing the toner which comprises adding external additives to the toner particles and mixing them, wherein the addition and mixing of said external additive are carried out under specific conditions.
摘要:
A recycle developer bearing body which is an effective recycle of a used developer bearing body, helps effective utilization of resources, and does not result in image quality degradation, such as developer concentration unevenness. In the recycle developer bearing body, even when scars or other defects are developed on a developer bearing surface of the developer bearing body from previous use, a surface roughness Ra of the developer bearing surface having the scars or other defects of the developer bearing body is 0.8 μm or more.
摘要:
A positively chargeable electrophotographic developer is disclosed, comprising a carrier, toner particles positively chargeable by friction with the carrier, fine particles of hydrophilic alumina, and fine particles of one of tin oxide, hydrophobic silica and titanium dioxide. The developer hardly undergoes toner cloud or toner dropping during development and suffers neither extreme deterioration in charging properties nor fog formation even when used for taking a large number of copies.