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公开(公告)号：US06941081B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-06
申请号：US09782098
申请日：2001-02-13
CPC分类号： H04B10/2569 , G01J3/447 , G01J4/04
摘要： A method and apparatus for polarization measurements. A polarization state of an optical signal can be determined using a polarization analyzer comprising a polarization controller, a polarizer, a wavelength dispersive element and a photo-detector. The method and apparatus can be applied to polarization and polarization mode dispersion measurements in wavelength division multiplexed communication systems.
摘要翻译： 一种用于偏振测量的方法和装置。 可以使用包括偏振控制器，偏振器，波长色散元件和光检测器的偏振分析器来确定光信号的偏振状态。 该方法和装置可以应用于波分复用通信系统中的偏振和偏振模色散测量。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06950611B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-27
申请号：US09781857
申请日：2001-02-12
IPC分类号： H04B10/135 , H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/2572
摘要： Polarization monitoring and control in a lightwave communication system is achieved by using an in-line polarimeter in conjunction with a polarization controller. The devices are readily compact, accurate and therefore capable of implementation in a variety of system applications. In one embodiment, a polarimeter and controller can be coupled together by a feedback loop between the polarimeter output and the controller input to provide “active polarization control” (APC).
摘要翻译： 光波通信系统中的极化监测和控制通过使用在线偏振计和偏振控制器来实现。 这些设备容易紧凑，准确，因此能够在各种系统应用中实现。 在一个实施例中，偏振计和控制器可以通过偏振计输出和控制器输入之间的反馈回路耦合在一起，以提供“主动偏振控制”（APC）。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07079777B2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-18
申请号：US10131439
申请日：2002-04-24
申请人： Matthias Berger , Benjamin John Eggleton , Herbert Haunstein , Andreas Munk , Paul Stephen Westbrook
发明人： Matthias Berger , Benjamin John Eggleton , Herbert Haunstein , Andreas Munk , Paul Stephen Westbrook
IPC分类号： H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/2519 , H04B10/2569
摘要： In accordance with the invention, an optical fiber communication system is provided with a tunable linearly chirped Bragg grating in high birefringence fiber for reduction of polarization mode dispersion without increasing chromatic dispersion. A first embodiment using a single grating can be tuned for optimal PMD compensation, optimal chromatic compensation or optimal simultaneous compensation. Alternative embodiments using a plurality of gratings permit simultaneous compensation of both PMD and chromatic dispersion.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明，光纤通信系统在高双折射光纤中设置有可调线性啁啾的布拉格光栅，用于降低偏振模色散而不增加色散。 可以调整使用单个光栅的第一实施例用于最佳PMD补偿，最佳色彩补偿或最佳同时补偿。 使用多个光栅的替代实施例允许同时补偿PMD和色散两者。
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4.发明授权Optical waveguide gratings having roughened cladding for reduced short wavelength cladding mode loss 有权具有粗糙包层的光波导光栅，用于减少短波长包层模式损耗公开(公告)号：US06408118B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-18
申请号：US09648948
申请日：2000-08-25
申请人： Ashish Ahuja , Benjamin John Eggleton , Jon W. Engelberth , Arturo Hale , Glen Robert Kowach , Sharad Ramanathan , Steven Herbert Simon , Paul Stephen Westbrook
发明人： Ashish Ahuja , Benjamin John Eggleton , Jon W. Engelberth , Arturo Hale , Glen Robert Kowach , Sharad Ramanathan , Steven Herbert Simon , Paul Stephen Westbrook
IPC分类号： G02B634
CPC分类号： G02B6/021 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/0229 , G02B6/124 , G02B6/138 , G02B6/14 , G02B6/245 , G02B6/2932 , G02B6/29322 , G02B6/29394 , G02B2006/12107
摘要： In accordance with the invention, an optical waveguide comprising a longitudinally extending core housing an optical grating and a cladding layer peripherally surrounding the core, is provided with an outer surface of the cladding layer having one or more perturbations. Each perturbation has a height with respect to the core that varies by at least 0.1 times a Bragg wavelength of the grating over the surface of the perturbation and covers an extent of the outer surface whose linear dimensions are less than 1 cm. The perturbations suppress cladding mode spectra and reduce short wavelength cladding mode loss.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明，包括容纳光栅的纵向延伸的芯和围绕芯的外围包层的光波导设置有包层的外表面，其具有一个或多个扰动。 每个扰动具有相对于芯的高度，其在扰动表面上变化至少0.1倍的光栅的布拉格波长，并且覆盖其线性尺寸小于1cm的外表面的程度。 扰动抑制包层模式光谱并减少短波长包层模式损耗。
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5.发明授权Optical fiber gratings with index matched polymer coating for cladding mode suppression 失效具有折射率匹配聚合物涂层的光纤光栅，用于包层模式抑制公开(公告)号：US06603901B1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-05
申请号：US09518038
申请日：2000-03-03
IPC分类号： G02B634
CPC分类号： G02B6/02104 , G02B6/02033
摘要： In accordance with the invention, an optical fiber Bragg grating comprises a length of gloss optical fiber having a core, a Bragg grating formed along the core, a glass cladding and a polymer coating on the cladding having an index of refraction matched to that the cladding. Such index matching can reduce the cladding mode loss by a factor of four over current levels. A preferred coating material comprises fluorinated urethane acrylate.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明，光纤布拉格光栅包括具有芯的长度的光泽光纤，沿着芯形成的布拉格光栅，玻璃包层和包层上的聚合物涂层，其具有与包层匹配的折射率 。 这种折射率匹配可以将包层模式损耗降低四倍以上的电流水平。 优选的涂料包括氟化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯。
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公开(公告)号：US06427041B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-30
申请号：US09584071
申请日：2000-05-31
IPC分类号： G02B634
CPC分类号： G02B6/02195 , G02B6/02085 , G02B6/02119 , G02B6/03694
摘要： A refractive index grating according to this invention is a tilted grating in a single mode optical waveguide, with a photosensitivity profile that includes at least one “tuning region” in the waveguide core. Appropriate choice of the photosensitivity profile of the waveguide can result in a “supernull” in the LP01,f to LP01,b coupling. That is to say, the angular range of the tilt angle &thgr; over which the core mode coupling is essentially zero (i.e., 20 dB) and bandwidth (>20 nm). A method of trimming a grating is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明的折射率光栅是单模光波导中的倾斜光栅，其光敏特性曲线包括波导芯中的至少一个“调谐区域”。 适当选择波导的光敏度曲线可能会导致LP01，f到LP01，b耦合中的“超载”。 也就是说，核心模式耦合基本上为零（即，<-30dB）的倾斜角θ的角度范围可以大大增加到大于0.1°，甚至0.2或0.5°，相比之下 到在波导芯中没有“调谐区域”可获得的角度范围。 增加的角度范围提供了光栅的改进的可制造性。 在优选实施例中，光栅具有大的包层损耗（> 20dB）和带宽（> 20nm）。 还公开了一种修整光栅的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US07304736B2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-04
申请号：US11359014
申请日：2006-02-21
IPC分类号： G01J4/00
CPC分类号： G01J4/00
摘要： A method of nonlinear polarimetry for measuring higher order moments of the E field of an optical signal is provided. The method includes imposing a phase delay on a first polarization of a received optical signal with respect to a second polarization of the optical signal to produce an intermediate optical signal having a time varying polarization. A polarization of the intermediate optical signal is suppressed. The intermediate optical signal is detected with a plurality of photodetectors, with at least one photodetector configured to be responsive to a nonlinear optical process. Spectra of the photodetector outputs are calculated to determine higher order moments of the E field, and the moments are transformed to obtain the polarization measurement.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于测量光信号的E场的高阶矩的非线性偏振方法。 该方法包括相对于光信号的第二偏振对所接收的光信号的第一偏振施加相位延迟，以产生具有时变极化的中间光信号。 中间光信号的极化被抑制。 用多个光电检测器检测中间光信号，其中至少一个光电检测器被配置为响应于非线性光学处理。 计算光电检测器输出的光谱以确定E场的高阶矩，并且将矩转换以获得偏振测量。
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公开(公告)号：US06591024B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-08
申请号：US09774975
申请日：2001-01-31
IPC分类号： G02B600
CPC分类号： G01J4/04 , G01J3/0259 , G01J3/18 , G01J3/1895 , G02B6/4214 , H04B10/077 , H04B10/07955
摘要： A combined spectrometer/polarimeter device capable of being placed in-line in a WDM optical transmission system is provided. The combined device contains an optical waveguide, wavelength manipulating optics that include one or more wavelength dispersive elements formed in the waveguide, and polarization manipulating optics. The wavelength dispersive elements tap at least a portion of the propagating light from the waveguide, such that the tapped light is directed to or through at least a portion of the polarization manipulating optics. The presence of the wavelength dispersive element(s) allow monitoring of one or more channels present in the propagating light. Thus, the device is able to act as a spectrometer to determine the presence/intensity of channels in the WDM system. In addition, by inclusion of the polarization-manipulating optics, it is further possible to use the same in-line device to monitor polarization characteristics of each such channel (e.g., calculation of a Stokes parameter spectrum or measurement of PMD).
摘要翻译： 提供了能够在WDM光传输系统中嵌入式的组合的光谱仪/偏振计装置。 组合的装置包含光波导，波长操纵光学器件，其包括形成在波导中的一个或多个波长色散元件和偏振操纵光学器件。 波长色散元件从波导抽出传播光的至少一部分，使得抽头的光被引导到或通过至少一部分偏振操纵光学器件。 波长色散元件的存在允许监视传播光中存在的一个或多个通道。 因此，该装置能够作为光谱仪来确定WDM系统中的通道的存在/强度。 另外，通过包括偏振光操作光学器件，还可以使用相同的在线器件来监视每个这样的通道的偏振特性（例如，斯托克斯参数谱的计算或PMD的测量）。
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公开(公告)号：US6141142A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-31
申请号：US252560
申请日：1999-02-19
申请人： Rolando Patricio Espindola , Thomas Andrew Strasser , Paul Stephen Westbrook , Paul Francis Wysocki
发明人： Rolando Patricio Espindola , Thomas Andrew Strasser , Paul Stephen Westbrook , Paul Francis Wysocki
CPC分类号： H01S3/06754 , H01S2301/04 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/06758
摘要： L-band EDFA (Er-doped fiber amplifier) characteristics are improved by provision of filter means in the C-band, the filter means having a figure of merit greater than 400dB.multidot.nm. The filter means can be discrete and/or distributed filter means. In preferred embodiments, two or more full C-band blazed fiber Bragg, gratings are used.
摘要翻译： 通过在C波段中提供滤波器装置来改进L波段EDFA（掺铒光纤放大器）特性，滤波器装置具有大于400dBxnm的品质因数。 过滤装置可以是离散和/或分布式过滤装置。 在优选实施例中，使用两个或更多个全C波段闪耀光纤布拉格光栅。
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公开(公告)号：US07079246B2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-18
申请号：US10413962
申请日：2003-04-15
IPC分类号： G01J4/00
CPC分类号： G01J4/00
摘要： An improved method and apparatus for the measurement of the polarization of light uses nonlinear polarimetry. The higher order moments of the E field are measured and then transformed into standard polarimetry parameters yielding the polarization of the light. In a first embodiment, the light to be measured is transmitted through a rotating retarder. The retarder is optically coupled to a fixed analyzer and light is then detected by linear and nonlinear photodetectors. The spectra from the detectors is calculated and transformed, to obtain the polarization. In a second embodiment, the light to be measured is received by an optical fiber comprising a plurality of fiber birefringences to retard the light. Polarization sensitive gratings along the length of the fiber scatter the light, and photodetectors detect the scattered light. Apparatus in two preferred embodiments can perform the inventive method.
摘要翻译： 用于测量光的偏振的改进的方法和装置使用非线性偏振法。 测量E场的高阶矩，然后转换成产生光的偏振的标准偏振参数。 在第一实施例中，待测光被透过旋转延迟器。 延迟器光学耦合到固定分析仪，然后通过线性和非线性光电探测器检测光。 计算和转换来自检测器的光谱，以获得极化。 在第二实施例中，要被测量的光由包含多个光纤双折射的光纤接收，以延迟光。 沿着光纤长度的偏振敏感光栅散射光，光检测器检测散射光。 两个优选实施例中的装置可以执行本发明的方法。
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